1
|
Liu Q, Li Y, Shi Y, Tan J, Yan W, Zhang J, Gao P, Yan S. The protective effect of gamma aminobutyric acid B receptor activation on sympathetic nerve remodeling via the regulation of M2 macrophage polarization after myocardial infarction. Rev Port Cardiol 2023; 42:125-135. [PMID: 36759072 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in coronary heart disease is a leading cause of sudden death primarily due to malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammation-induced overactivation of sympathetic nerves are the major cause of VAs in AMI pathophysiological processes. Type 2 macrophages play an anti-inflammatory role in AMI. Targeting macrophages may be a therapeutic strategy to prevent VAs post AMI. We found that gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) promotes macrophages polarized to M2 and hypothesized that GABA might exert anti-inflammatory effects by promoting type 2 macrophage polarization in AMI. We aim to characterized GABAB receptor distribution, function, and mechanisms in M2 macrophage polarization and explored the functional aspect of GABAB receptor activation in sympathetic remodeling. RESULTS Gamma aminobutyric acid B receptors were expressed on macrophage surface both in vitro and in vivo. GABAB receptor agonist baclofen, GABA promoted macrophage switch to M2. While GABAB receptor antagonist CGP52432 blocked a baclofen induced switch to M2 polarization. GABA and baclofen increased M2 macrophage percentage and CGP52432 blocked this process in vivo. Also, IL-10 and TGF-β1 released by M2 were increased in both AMI and baclofen/AMI group; Serum NE levels were decreased by baclofen. All the above effects were reversed by CGP52432 treatment. Baclofen decreased TH and GAP-43 staining while CGP52432 enhanced their expression post AMI indicating GABAB receptor activation inhibited sympathetic nerve sprouting and activity by reducing NE release. CONCLUSIONS Gamma aminobutyric acid B receptor activation promoted M2 polarization and protested AMI heart by regulating sympathetic nerve remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Translational Medical Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Yugen Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Jiayu Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Wenju Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Junyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Translational Medical Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Translational Medical Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China; Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng Q, Dong X, Green DP, Dong X. Peripheral mechanisms of chronic pain. MEDICAL REVIEW 2022; 2:251-270. [PMID: 36067122 PMCID: PMC9381002 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Acutely, pain serves to protect us from potentially harmful stimuli, however damage to the somatosensory system can cause maladaptive changes in neurons leading to chronic pain. Although acute pain is fairly well controlled, chronic pain remains difficult to treat. Chronic pain is primarily a neuropathic condition, but studies examining the mechanisms underlying chronic pain are now looking beyond afferent nerve lesions and exploring new receptor targets, immune cells, and the role of the autonomic nervous system in contributing chronic pain conditions. The studies outlined in this review reveal how chronic pain is not only confined to alterations in the nervous system and presents findings on new treatment targets and for this debilitating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xintong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dustin P. Green
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
A substantial fraction of the human population suffers from chronic pain states, which often cannot be sufficiently treated with existing drugs. This calls for alternative targets and strategies for the development of novel analgesics. There is substantial evidence that the G protein-coupled GABAB receptor is involved in the processing of pain signals and thus has long been considered a valuable target for the generation of analgesics to treat chronic pain. In this review, the contribution of GABAB receptors to the generation and modulation of pain signals, their involvement in chronic pain states as well as their target suitability for the development of novel analgesics is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Benke
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mills DJ. The Aging GABAergic System and Its Nutritional Support. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:6655064. [PMID: 33986956 PMCID: PMC8093074 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6655064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in hormones and an associated decline in GABAergic function and calcium and ion current dysregulation. Neurosteroid hormones act as direct calcium channel blockers, or they can act indirectly on calcium channels through their interaction with GABA receptors. The calcium channel dysfunction associated with hormone loss further leads to an excitatory cell state, which can ultimately lead to cell death. The calcium theory of aging posits that cellular mechanisms, which maintain the homeostasis of cytosol Ca2+ concentration, play a key role in brain aging and that sustained changes in Ca2+ homeostasis provide the final common pathway for age-associated brain changes. There is a link between hormone loss and calcium dysregulation. Loss of calcium regulation associated with aging can lead to an excitatory cell state, primarily in the mitochondria and nerve cells, which can ultimately lead to cell death if not kept in check. A decline in GABAergic function can also be specifically tied to declines in progesterone, allopregnanolone, and DHEA levels associated with aging. This decline in GABAergic function associated with hormone loss ultimately affects GABAergic inhibition or excitement and calcium regulation throughout the body. In addition, declines in GABAergic function can also be tied to vitamin status and to toxic chemicals in the food supply. The decline in GABAergic function associated with aging has an effect on just about every body organ system. Nutritional support of the GABAergic system with supportive foods, vitamins, and GABA or similar GABA receptor ligands may address some of the GABAergic dysfunction associated with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demetra J. Mills
- Patent Trial and Appeal Board Biotechnology, 5232 Capon Hill Pl, Burke, VA 22015, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang C, Chen P, Lin D, Chen Y, Lv B, Zheng K, Lin X, Wu Z. Effects of varying degrees of ligation in a neuropathic pain model induced by chronic constriction injury. Life Sci 2021; 276:119441. [PMID: 33794257 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Ligature tightness of chronic constriction injury (CCI) model remains inconsistent and controversial, presenting barriers for researchers. METHODS We summarized the different ligation criteria in literature and attempted to clarify their effects. To assess constriction under different criteria, we calculated the radial strain (εR) of ligated nerves from digital photographs. The mechanical withdrawal thresholds (MWT), thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) and sciatic functional index (SFI) were observed in rats of different groups to assess the state of model. Changes of myelin sheath were detected by pathological staining and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The median εR values in the Loose, Medium and Tight groups were 13.6%, 15.2% and 21.7%, respectively. Ligated groups had lower MWT than Sham group and the TWL of rats in the Loose approached to rats with sham operation, while that of the Tight group was higher than Medium group 14 days after surgery. Medium and Tight groups showed more abnormal in SFI, compared with the other two groups 14 days. Pathological staining revealed demyelination in three CCI groups, especially in the sciatic nerves. Myelin protein zero levels decreased in the sciatic nerves as the degree of constriction increased, but myelin basic protein of the Medium group was lowest abundant in the spinal cords of all rats. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that the surrounding muscles briefly twitched when the diameter of the sciatic nerves was constricted by approximately 14-15%, which may provide a reference for other researchers for establishing CCI models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Lin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baojiang Lv
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kenan Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingdong Lin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhibing Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Magnaghi V, Martin S, Smith P, Allen L, Conte V, Reid AJ, Faroni A. Peripheral nerve regeneration following injury is altered in mice lacking P2X7 receptor. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 54:5798-5814. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Magnaghi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Sarah Martin
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Patrick Smith
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Luke Allen
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Vincenzo Conte
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Adam J. Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns Wythenshawe Hospital Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Colciago A, Bonalume V, Melfi V, Magnaghi V. Genomic and Non-genomic Action of Neurosteroids in the Peripheral Nervous System. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:796. [PMID: 32848567 PMCID: PMC7403499 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the former evidence of biologic actions of neurosteroids in the central nervous system, also the peripheral nervous system (PNS) was reported as a structure affected by these substances. Indeed, neurosteroids are synthesized and active in the PNS, exerting many important actions on the different cell types of this system. PNS is a target for neurosteroids, in their native form or as metabolites. In particular, old and recent evidence indicates that the progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone possesses important functions in the PNS, thus contributing to its physiologic processes. In this review, we will survey the more recent findings on the genomic and non-genomic actions of neurosteroids in nerves, ganglia, and cells forming the PNS, focusing on the mechanisms regulating the peripheral neuron-glial crosstalk. Then, we will refer to the physiopathological significance of the neurosteroid signaling disturbances in the PNS, in to identify new molecular targets for promising pharmacotherapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Colciago
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Bonalume
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Melfi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Muscarinic receptors modulate Nerve Growth Factor production in rat Schwann-like adipose-derived stem cells and in Schwann cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7159. [PMID: 32346125 PMCID: PMC7188814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63645-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative capability of the peripheral nervous system after injury is enhanced by Schwann cells (SCs) producing several growth factors. The clinical use of SCs in nerve regeneration strategies is hindered by the necessity of removing a healthy nerve to obtain the therapeutic cells. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can be chemically differentiated towards a SC-like phenotype (dASCs), and represent a promising alternative to SCs. Their physiology can be further modulated pharmacologically by targeting receptors for neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (ACh). In this study, we compare the ability of rat dASCs and native SCs to produce NGF in vitro. We also evaluate the ability of muscarinic receptors, in particular the M2 subtype, to modulate NGF production and maturation from the precursor (proNGF) to the mature (mNGF) form. For the first time, we demonstrate that dASCs produce higher basal levels of proNGF and mature NGF compared to SCs. Moreover, muscarinic receptor activation, and in particular M2 subtype stimulation, modulates NGF production and maturation in both SCs and dASCs. Indeed, both cell types express both proNGF A and B isoforms, as well as mNGF. After M2 receptor stimulation, proNGF-B (25 kDa), which is involved in apoptotic processes, is strongly reduced at transcript and protein level. Thus, we demonstrate that dASCs possess a stronger neurotrophic potential compared to SCs. ACh, via M2 muscarinic receptors, contributes to the modulation and maturation of NGF, improving the regenerative properties of dASCs.
Collapse
|
9
|
van Thiel IAM, Botschuijver S, de Jonge WJ, Seppen J. Painful interactions: Microbial compounds and visceral pain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165534. [PMID: 31634534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Visceral pain, characterized by abdominal discomfort, originates from organs in the abdominal cavity and is a characteristic symptom in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, vulvodynia or interstitial cystitis. Most organs in which visceral pain originates are in contact with the external milieu and continuously exposed to microbes. In order to maintain homeostasis and prevent infections, the immune- and nervous system in these organs cooperate to sense and eliminate (harmful) microbes. Recognition of microbial components or products by receptors expressed on cells from the immune and nervous system can activate immune responses but may also cause pain. We review the microbial compounds and their receptors that could be involved in visceral pain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I A M van Thiel
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Botschuijver
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Seppen
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Functional Recovery Occurs Even After Partial Remyelination of Axon-Meshed Median and Ulnar Nerves in Mice. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2230-2236. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02863-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
11
|
Piovesana R, Faroni A, Magnaghi V, Reid AJ, Tata AM. M2 receptors activation modulates cell growth, migration and differentiation of rat Schwann-like adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:92. [PMID: 31069117 PMCID: PMC6499790 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) play a central role in peripheral nervous system physiology and in the response to axon injury. The ability of SCs to proliferate, secrete growth factors, modulate immune response, migrate and re-myelinate regenerating axons has been largely documented. However, there are several restrictions hindering their clinical application, such as the difficulty in collection and a slow in vitro expansion. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) present good properties for peripheral nerve regenerative medicine. When exposed to specific growth factors in vitro, they can acquire a SC-like phenotype (dASCs) expressing key SCs markers and assuming spindle-shaped morphology. Nevertheless, the differentiated phenotype is unstable and several strategies, including pharmacological stimulation, are being studied to improve differentiation outcomes. Cholinergic receptors are potential pharmacological targets expressed in glial cells. Our previous work demonstrated that muscarinic cholinergic receptors, in particular M2 subtype, are present in SCs and are able to modulate several physiological processes. In the present work, muscarinic receptors expression was characterised and the effects mediated by M2 muscarinic receptor were evaluated in rat dASCs. M2 receptor activation, by the preferred agonist arecaidine propargyl ester (APE), caused a reversible arrest of dASCs cell growth, supported by the downregulation of proteins involved in the maintenance of cell proliferation and upregulation of proteins involved in the differentiation (i.e., c-Jun and Egr-2), without affecting cell survival. Moreover, M2 receptor activation in dASCs enhances a pronounced spindle-shaped morphology, supported by Egr2 upregulation, and inhibits cell migration. Our data clearly demonstrate that rat dASCs express functional muscarinic receptors, in particular M2 subtype, which is able to modulate their physiological and morphological processes, as well as SCs differentiation. These novel findings could open new opportunities for the development of combined cell and pharmacological therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration, harnessing the potential of dASCs and M2 receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Piovesana
- 1Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, 00185 Italy.,2Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Alessandro Faroni
- 2Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- 3Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy
| | - Adam J Reid
- 2Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT UK.,4Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ada Maria Tata
- 1Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, 00185 Italy.,5Research Center of Neurobiology "Daniel Bovet", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, 00185 Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wei Z, Fei Y, Su W, Chen G. Emerging Role of Schwann Cells in Neuropathic Pain: Receptors, Glial Mediators and Myelination. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:116. [PMID: 30971897 PMCID: PMC6445947 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain caused by nerve injury or disease remains a major challenge for modern medicine worldwide. Most of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain are centered on neuronal mechanisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that non-neuronal cells, especially glial cells, also play active roles in the initiation and resolution of pain. The preponderance of evidence has implicated central nervous system (CNS) glial cells, i.e., microglia and astrocytes, in the control of pain. The role of Schwann cells in neuropathic pain remains poorly understood. Schwann cells, which detect nerve injury and provide the first response, play a critical role in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. The cells respond to nerve injury by changing their phenotype, proliferating and interacting with nociceptive neurons by releasing glial mediators (growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and biologically active small molecules). In addition, receptors expressed in active Schwann cells have the potential to regulate different pain conditions. In this review article, we will provide and discuss emerging evidence by integrating recent advances related to Schwann cells and neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongya Wei
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ying Fei
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenfeng Su
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Faroni A, Melfi S, Castelnovo LF, Bonalume V, Colleoni D, Magni P, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Reinbold R, Magnaghi V. GABA-B1 Receptor-Null Schwann Cells Exhibit Compromised In Vitro Myelination. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1461-1474. [PMID: 29948947 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
GABA-B receptors are important for Schwann cell (SC) commitment to a non-myelinating phenotype during development. However, the P0-GABA-B1fl/fl conditional knockout mice, lacking the GABA-B1 receptor specifically in SCs, also presented axon modifications, suggesting SC non-autonomous effects through the neuronal compartment. In this in vitro study, we evaluated whether the specific deletion of the GABA-B1 receptor in SCs may induce autonomous or non-autonomous cross-changes in sensory dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. To this end, we performed an in vitro biomolecular and transcriptomic analysis of SC and DRG neuron primary cultures from P0-GABA-B1fl/fl mice. We found that cells from conditional P0-GABA-B1fl/fl mice exhibited proliferative, migratory and myelinating alterations. Moreover, we found transcriptomic changes in novel molecules that are involved in peripheral neuron-SC interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Simona Melfi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Franco Castelnovo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Bonalume
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Deborah Colleoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcos J Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rolland Reinbold
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gennari CG, Cilurzo F, Mitro N, Caruso D, Minghetti P, Magnaghi V. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of silk fibroin functionalized with GABA and allopregnanolone for Schwann cell and neuron survival. Regen Med 2017; 13:141-157. [PMID: 29160149 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This in vitro and in vivo study reports on silk fibroin (SF) scaffold, functionalized for in situ delivery of GABA and/or allopregnanolone (ALLO), as biomaterial for potential application in tissue engineering and nerve regeneration. MATERIALS & METHODS We evaluated the feasibility to design 2D scaffolds (films) made of regenerated Bombyx mori SF, functionalized with GABA and/or ALLO to enhance in vitro biological functions, health, survival and growth of Schwann cells and sensitive neurons of the dorsal root ganglia. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Our 2D-SF film showed an efficient loading and controllable release of drugs promoting nerve regeneration. SF functionalized film may be helpful for the development of bioengineered conduits and, in principle, have great potential for long-gap nerve injury repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gm Gennari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Cilurzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological & Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological & Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Minghetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- Department of Pharmacological & Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Castelnovo LF, Bonalume V, Melfi S, Ballabio M, Colleoni D, Magnaghi V. Schwann cell development, maturation and regeneration: a focus on classic and emerging intracellular signaling pathways. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1013-1023. [PMID: 28852375 PMCID: PMC5558472 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.211172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development, maturation and regeneration of Schwann cells (SCs), the main glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, require the coordinate and complementary interaction among several factors, signals and intracellular pathways. These regulatory molecules consist of integrins, neuregulins, growth factors, hormones, neurotransmitters, as well as entire intracellular pathways including protein-kinase A, C, Akt, Erk/MAPK, Hippo, mTOR, etc. For instance, Hippo pathway is overall involved in proliferation, apoptosis, regeneration and organ size control, being crucial in cancer proliferation process. In SCs, Hippo is linked to merlin and YAP/TAZ signaling and it seems to respond to mechanic/physical challenges. Recently, among factors regulating SCs, also the signaling intermediates Src tyrosine kinase and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) proved relevant for SC fate, participating in the regulation of adhesion, motility, migration and in vitro myelination. In SCs, the factors Src and FAK are regulated by the neuroactive steroid allopregnanolone, thus corroborating the importance of this steroid in the control of SC maturation. In this review, we illustrate some old and novel signaling pathways modulating SC biology and functions during the different developmental, mature and regenerative states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Franco Castelnovo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Bonalume
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Melfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marinella Ballabio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Deborah Colleoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ren F, Zhang H, Qi C, Gao ML, Wang H, Li XQ. Blockade of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 promotes regeneration after sciatic nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1324-31. [PMID: 26487864 PMCID: PMC4590249 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.162770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) provides the sensation of pain (nociception). However, it remains unknown whether TRPV1 is activated after peripheral nerve injury, or whether activation of TRPV1 affects neural regeneration. In the present study, we established rat models of unilateral sciatic nerve crush injury, with or without pretreatment with AMG517 (300 mg/kg), a TRPV1 antagonist, injected subcutaneously into the ipsilateral paw 60 minutes before injury. At 1 and 2 weeks after injury, we performed immunofluorescence staining of the sciatic nerve at the center of injury, at 0.3 cm proximal and distal to the injury site, and in the dorsal root ganglia. Our results showed that Wallerian degeneration occurred distal to the injury site, and neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell regeneration occurred proximal to the injury. The number of regenerating myelinated and unmyelinated nerve clusters was greater in the AMG517-pretreated rats than in the vehicle-treated group, most notably 2 weeks after injury. TRPV1 expression in the injured sciatic nerve and ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia was markedly greater than on the contralateral side. Pretreatment with AMG517 blocked this effect. These data indicate that TRPV1 is activated or overexpressed after sciatic nerve crush injury, and that blockade of TRPV1 may accelerate regeneration of the injured sciatic nerve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Ling Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xia-Qing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|