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Lin KH, Sylvano N, Selvanayagam N, Lin KY. Factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in commercial motorcyclists. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2024; 79:23-31. [PMID: 38736426 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2024.2342349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and to investigate factors associated with WMSDs in commercial motorcyclists in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study involved commercial motorcyclists operating in Indonesia. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire, including the Indonesian Version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, occupational driving posture questionnaire, and occupational factor-related questions. The questionnaire was distributed at four rest stops located in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. The result showed that 40% of participants (129/322) were having WMSDs. Older age, overweight body mass index (BMI), obese body mass index, nonregular physical activity, driving duration (> 8 h/day), seniority (≥5 years), and poor driving posture were significant risk factors for WMSDs in commercial motorcyclists. Based on the risk factors identified in this study, the development of preventive strategies among commercial motorcyclists is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Han Lin
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | | | - Nandhini Selvanayagam
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Lin
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Yirdaw G, Adane B. Self-Reported Work-Related Musculoskeletal Problems and Associated Risk Factors Among Three-Wheel Car Drivers in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study. J Pain Res 2024; 17:61-71. [PMID: 38196968 PMCID: PMC10775692 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s429147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, the demand for mobility is increasing. Three-wheel cars are one of the best options for meeting this demand and creating new job opportunities in most developing countries, including Ethiopia. Drivers are highly susceptible to developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Even though several studies on other groups of drivers have been conducted, little is done in Ethiopia among three-wheel car drivers. Objective This study investigated the prevalence of MSDs and identified their associated risk factors among three-wheel car drivers in Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional research was conducted among drivers of three-wheel cars from August 05 to October 07, 2022. A stratified sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was used to select 422 respondents. Structured and pretested questionnaires adapted from the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Epi-data version 4.2.0.0 and SPSS version 20 were used to enter and analyze the collected data, respectively. Results In the previous 12 months, 62.45% of three-wheel car drivers had musculoskeletal disorders in any body region (95% CI: 58.36, 66.14). The back pain was the most frequently reported site of pain in this study. This study showed that the habit of doing physical exercise, work experience, site of service, taking rest breaks while driving, and having comfortable sitting posture was risk factor for musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion In this study, the overall 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal problems among three-wheel car drivers was high. Periodic health checkups for drivers, lifestyle changes, delivering training, and creating awareness are important to address this high-burden occupation-related problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getasew Yirdaw
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Balew Adane
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Sheth A, Pagdhune A, Viramgami A. Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and its association with modifiable risk factors in metropolitan bus transit drivers: A cross-sectional comparison. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1673-1678. [PMID: 37767423 PMCID: PMC10521828 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_532_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bus drivers are one of the top three occupations with the highest prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). The present study aimed to determine the pattern and prevalence of WRMSD among metropolitan bus transit drivers, whose job profiles differ from traditional long-distance bus drivers, and to explore the effect of modifiable lifestyle-related risk factors. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, consenting 254 metropolitan transit bus drivers (with at least five years of job duration) and 73 age-matched indoor desk job workers (administration staff of the same department) as a comparison group enrolled. Sociodemographic and occupational profile were collected on a semi-closed questionnaire. A modified Nordic questionnaire was used to determine musculoskeletal problems. Anthropometric measurement and haematocrit estimation were performed with standard techniques. All statistical analyses including logistic regression were performed with SPSS 26.0. Results The prevalence of WRMSDs among bus drivers was twice higher than administration staff (49.2% v/s 28.8%). Drivers experienced significantly higher pain for the lower back (36.6% v/s 11%), knee (29.5% v/s 15.1%), and hip (7.5% v/s 1.4%) in comparison with administration staff. Study reported age, tobacco usage, body mass index (BMI) and job profile of drivers (compared to administration staff) as significant predictors of WRMSDs. Conclusion WRMSDs were significantly higher among metropolitan bus transit drivers in comparison with administrative staff. Furthermore, WRMSDs are strongly associated with tobacco use and BMI. These modifiable risk factors may be the targets for preventive strategies to reduce the burden of WRMSDs among bus drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Sheth
- Scientist, Health Science Division (HSD), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Avinash Pagdhune
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) – Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankit Viramgami
- Scientist, Health Science Division (HSD), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Nabi MH, Hawlader MDH, Naz F, Siddiquea SR, Hasan M, Hossian M, Dalal K. Low back pain among professional bus drivers: a cross-sectional study from Bangladesh. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1172. [PMID: 37331993 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is a common condition contributing to impaired quality of life among professional vehicle drivers. Our study aimed to assess LBP prevalence and associated factors among professional bus drivers in Bangladesh. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 professional bus drivers using a semi-structured questionnaire. A Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) subscale was used to measure LBP. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with LBP. RESULTS In the last month, 127 (34.51%) participants reported experiencing pain or discomfort in the lower backside. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age of more than 40 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14 to 3.75), the income of more than 15,000 BDT per month (aOR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.26), work duration more than ten years (aOR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.12 to 5.70), working more than 15 days per month (aOR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.65), working more than 10 h per day (aOR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.05 to 5.75), poor condition of the driving seat (aOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.08 to 3.02), current smoking habit (aOR: 9.71, 95% CI: 1.25 to 75.15), illicit substances use (aOR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.48), and four hours or less sleeping time per day (aOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.09 to 3.06) were positively associated with LBP. CONCLUSION The high burden of LBP among the participants calls for a focus on this vulnerable group's occupational health and safety, with particular emphasis on implementing standard measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farah Naz
- Department of Physiology, Green Life Medical College, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mehedi Hasan
- Public Health Promotion and Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mosharop Hossian
- Public Health Promotion and Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Koustuv Dalal
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Public Health Science, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden.
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Abere G, Yenealem DG, Worede EA. Prevalence and associated factors of low back pain among taxi drivers in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069631. [PMID: 37258069 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among professional taxi drivers. DESIGN Community-based cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A Modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to collect data. Through a simple random sampling technique, 371 taxi drivers were selected in Gondar City, Ethiopia. DATA ANALYSIS SPSS V.22 was used for data analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with low back pain. A p value less than 0.05 and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI were used to declare statistical significance. RESULT A total of 371 respondents, with a response rate of 95.4%, have participated. The past 1 year and week's prevalence of low back pain among taxi drivers was 85.7% (95% CI 82.5 to 89.2) and 53.4% (95% Cl 48.0 to 58.5), respectively. Overweight/obese (AOR=0.33, 95% CI (0.14 to 0.80)), alcohol drinking (AOR=4.77, 95% CI (1.16 to 19.5)), job dissatisfaction (AOR=4.58, 95% CI (1.39 to 15.2)), prolonged working hours per day (AOR=2.64; 95% CI (1.02 to 6.08)), not using the adjustable seat with back support (AOR=6.38, 95% CI (2.39 to 17.01)) were associated with low back pain among taxi drivers. CONCLUSION The prevalence of low back pain among taxi drivers was high. Being overweight/obese, alcohol drinking, job dissatisfaction, prolonged working hours per day, and not using adjustable seats with back support, were factors associated with low back pain among taxi drivers. Therefore, ergonomic and behavioural-related awareness training is recommended to minimise the burden of low back pain among taxi drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giziew Abere
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Getachew Yenealem
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetu Abera Worede
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Joseph L, Vasanthan L, Standen M, Kuisma R, Paungmali A, Pirunsan U, Sitilertpisan P. Causal Relationship Between the Risk Factors and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Professional Drivers: A Systematic Review. HUMAN FACTORS 2023; 65:62-85. [PMID: 34126797 PMCID: PMC9846379 DOI: 10.1177/00187208211006500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review evaluates the evidence on the strength of causal relationship between categories of risk factors (RFs) and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among professional drivers. BACKGROUND A compilation of evidence on the causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers is lacking. METHODS A systematic search of the literature was conducted in major electronic data bases that include Medline (1946 + via OvidSP), Embase (1974 + OvidSP), CINAHL (1982+), AMED, and Web of Science. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed and scored. A descriptive analysis on the categories of RFs associated with WRMSDs was conducted. The Bradford-Hill causation criteria and evidence interpretation tool were used to evaluate the causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs in professional drivers. RESULTS Among the 54 studies reviewed, a strong evidence suggests a causal relationship between RFs such as whole-body vibration, awkward postures, lifting tasks, manual material handling, job stress, job demand, and previous pain episodes with WRMSDs. Moderate evidence was observed on RFs such as uncomfortable seat and low job satisfaction. The evidence on causal relationship between RFs such as years of professional driving, driving duration, and individual characteristics such as age and body mass index was inconclusive. CONCLUSION There is strong to moderate evidence on the causal relationship between the physical and psychosocial RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers. APPLICATION Potential application of this review highlights evidence to occupational health practitioners, policy makers, and stakeholders on the strength of causal relationship between RFs and WRMSDs among professional drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Raija Kuisma
- North Karelia University of Applied Sciences, Joensus,
Finland
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Chen YL, Alexander H, Hu YM. Self-Reported Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms among Bus Drivers in the Taipei Metropolitan Area. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10596. [PMID: 36078314 PMCID: PMC9518195 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bus driving is considered a highly stressful and unhealthy occupation, even among sedentary jobs, because of the particular task characteristics. This study used the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) to interview bus drivers and determine the risk factors for musculoskeletal discomfort. The NMQ was distributed to 152 bus drivers in the Taipei metropolitan area (Taiwan) and the valid data of 145 respondents were analyzed. The survey revealed that the overall prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms in any body part during the preceding year was 78.3%, and the body parts for which with the prevalence of discomfort was highest were the neck (46.9%), right shoulder (40.0%), lower back (37.2%), and left shoulder (33.8%). Stress and an uncomfortable seat may contribute to neck, shoulder, and lower back discomfort. Stretching between trips may help to reduce neck and shoulder discomfort. When comparing our results with those of similar studies, we discovered that the prevalence of symptoms and detailed risk factors vary by country and region. On this basis, we believe that local investigations emphasizing specific task arrangements and characteristics are needed to address the problem of musculoskeletal disorders in bus drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lang Chen
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan
| | - Hans Alexander
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta Barat 11470, Indonesia
| | - Yi-Ming Hu
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan
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Kasemsan A, Joseph L, Paungmali A, Sitilertpisan P, Pirunsan U. Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and associated disability among professional bus drivers: a cross-sectional study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:1263-1270. [PMID: 33856539 PMCID: PMC8047600 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Professional bus drivers risk developing musculoskeletal pain (MSP) and disability due to their working condition. The current study investigates the prevalence rate of MSP and disability among professional bus drivers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 83 professional bus drivers. The prevalence rate of MSP was evaluated using a standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. The disabilities due to the MSP were evaluated using neck disability index (NDI), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) tools. Prevalence of MSP was presented with 95% of confidence interval (CI) at an alpha level of 0.05. The 12 months and 7 days prevalence of MSP were tabulated for analysing the trend of MSP between the upper and lower body regions. Results The drivers had a mean driving experience of 10.07 ± 7.26 years. The mean driving hours/week were 50.25 ± 12.82 h. Neck and back were the most affected regions with a prevalence rate of 81.9% (N = 68) and 80.7% (N = 67) at 12 months. Back region recorded the highest 7 days prevalence rate for MSP with 53% (N = 44). Approximately one fourth of the bus drivers population (23.9%, N = 16) had moderate disability in back region. More than half with MSP in the neck region presented mild disability (54.4%, N = 37). Conclusion The bus drivers reported a high prevalence rate of MSP in the neck, back and shoulder regions with mild to moderate disabilities. Appropriate health care and rehabilitation programs are necessary for the prevention and management of MSP among the bus drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apirati Kasemsan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Leonard Joseph
- School of Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Robert Dodd Building, 49 Darley Road, Eastbourne, BN20 7UR, East Sussex, UK
| | - Aatit Paungmali
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patraporn Sitilertpisan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ubon Pirunsan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Maduagwu SM, Galadima NM, Umeonwuka CI, Ishaku CM, Akanbi OO, Jaiyeola OA, Nwanne CA. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among occupational drivers in Mubi, Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:572-580. [DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2020.1834233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasir M. Galadima
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - Chuka I. Umeonwuka
- College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | | | - Olutunde O. Akanbi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - Olabode A. Jaiyeola
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
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Joseph L, Standen M, Paungmali A, Kuisma R, Sitilertpisan P, Pirunsan U. Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among professional drivers: A systematic review. J Occup Health 2020; 62:e12150. [PMID: 32810918 PMCID: PMC7434558 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Professional drivers are at high risk of developing musculoskeletal pain (MSP) due to risk factors such as prolonged sitting, whole body vibration, awkward posture, and repetitive actions. This review investigates the reported prevalence of MSP among professional drivers. METHODS An electronic search of Medline (1946 + via OvidSP), Embase (1974 + OvidSP), CINAHL (1982+), AMED, PubMed, and Web of Science from 1990 to July 2019 was performed. Methodological quality of studies was assessed using three quality assessment tools for cross-sectional, case-control, and prospective cohort studies. The prevalence of MSP was reported using descriptive analysis. RESULTS A total of 56 studies conducted in 23 different countries across a total of 14 types of occupational transport were reviewed. Data of a total pooled population of 18 882 professional drivers were analyzed for MSP. The prevalence of MSP ranged between 43.1% and 93%. The low back was the most frequently reported body region for MSP with a meta-prevalence rate of 53% (N = 9998). Neck, shoulder, and upper back were the other common regions with high prevalence. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of MSP in professional drivers and low back was the most frequently reported body region, followed by neck, upper back, shoulder, knee, hip/thigh, wrist, ankle, and elbow. MSP is complicated in nature and therefore in-depth exploration of causal relationships between MSP and risk factors is necessary so that appropriate healthcare programs can be initiated to prevent and treat MSP effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Joseph
- School of Health SciencesUniversity of BrightonEast SussexUK
| | - Miles Standen
- School of Health SciencesUniversity of BrightonEast SussexUK
| | - Aatit Paungmali
- Department of Physical TherapyFaculty of Associated Medical SciencesChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Raija Kuisma
- Karelia University of Applied SciencesJoensuuFinland
| | - Patraporn Sitilertpisan
- Department of Physical TherapyFaculty of Associated Medical SciencesChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Ubon Pirunsan
- Department of Physical TherapyFaculty of Associated Medical SciencesChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
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Taghizadeh S, Haghighat F, Piroozi S, Karimi A, Khanali Nejad D. The Survey and Comparison of Musculoskeletal Disorders of Shoulder, Arm and Hand in Taxi and Bus Drivers in the City of Shiraz in 2016. JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.21859/jrehab.19.1.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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