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Nguyen DHN, Le QH, Nguyen TL, Dinh VT, Nguyen HN, Pham HN, Nguyen TA, Nguyen LL, Dinh TMT, Nguyen VQ. Electrosynthesized nanostructured molecularly imprinted polymer for detecting diclofenac molecule. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sensitivity Enhanced Ecofriendly UV Spectrophotometric Methods for Quality Control of Telmisartan and Benidipine Formulations: Comparison of Whiteness and Greenness with HPLC Methods. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127260. [PMID: 35742510 PMCID: PMC9223904 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of an environmentally friendly analytical technique for simultaneous measurement of medicines with large concentration differences is difficult yet critical for environmental protection. Hence, in this work, new manipulated UV-spectroscopic methods with high scaling factors were established for concurrent quantification of telmisartan (TEL) and benidipine (BEN) in fixed-dose combinations. Two different methods were developed and established by calculation of peak height at zero crossing point of second derivative and the ratio of first derivative spectra with a scaling factor of 200 and 100, respectively. The absorption difference between the peaks and troughs of the ratio spectra, as well as continuous subtraction from ratio spectra, were established as additional methods. In addition, new procedures were validated using ICH recommendations. The proposed methods’ linearity curves were constructed in the range of 0.5–10 µg mL−1 and 1–30 µg mL−1 for BEN and TEL, respectively, under optimized conditions. Furthermore, both the detection (0.088–0.139 µg mL−1 for BEN and 0.256–0.288 µg mL−1 for TEL) and quantification limits (0.293–0.465 µg mL−1 for BEN and 0.801–0.962 µg mL−1 for TEL) were adequate for quantifying both analytes in the formulation ratios. The accuracy and precision were confirmed by the good recovery percent (98.37%–100.6%), with low percent relative error (0.67%–1.70%) and less than 2 percent relative standard deviation, respectively. The specificity of the methods was proven by accurate and precise outcomes from the standard addition method and analysis of laboratory mixed solutions with large differences in concentrations of both analytes. Finally, the BEN and TEL content of the formulations was determined simultaneously without prior separation using these first ever reported spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, developed UV derivative spectroscopic methods demonstrated high greenness and whiteness when compared to the reported HPLC methods. These findings show that the projected methods were effective, practical, and environmentally acceptable for quality control of BEN and TEL in multicomponent formulations.
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Development of Ecofriendly Derivative Spectrophotometric Methods for the Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Remogliflozin and Vildagliptin from Formulation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206160. [PMID: 34684741 PMCID: PMC8537597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three rapid, accurate, and ecofriendly processed spectrophotometric methods were validated for the concurrent quantification of remogliflozin (RGE) and vildagliptin (VGN) from formulations using water as dilution solvent. The three methods developed were based on the calculation of the peak height of the first derivative absorption spectra at zero-crossing points, the peak amplitude difference at selected wavelengths of the peak and valley of the ratio spectra, and the peak height of the ratio first derivative spectra. All three methods were validated adapting the ICH regulations. Both the analytes showed a worthy linearity in the concentration of 1 to 60 µg/mL and 2 to 90 µg/mL for VGN and RGE, respectively, with an exceptional regression coefficient (r2 ≥ 0.999). The developed methods demonstrated an excellent recovery (98.00% to 102%), a lower percent relative standard deviation, and a relative error (less than ±2%), confirming the specificity, precision, and accuracy of the proposed methods. In addition, validated spectrophotometric methods were commendably employed for the simultaneous determination of VGN and RGE from solutions prepared in the laboratory and the formulation. Hence, these methods can be utilized for the routine quality control study of the pharmaceutical preparations of VGN and RGE in pharmaceutical industries and laboratories. The ecofriendly nature of the anticipated spectrophotometric procedures was confirmed by the evaluation of the greenness profile by a semi-quantitative method and the quantitative and qualitative green analytical procedure index (GAPI) method.
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Attimarad M, Nair AB, Sreeharsha N, Al-Dhubiab BE, Venugopala KN, Shinu P. Development and Validation of Green UV Derivative Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination Metformin and Remogliflozin from Formulation: Evaluation of Greenness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E448. [PMID: 33429964 PMCID: PMC7827813 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The recent trend in green analytical chemistry is the development of green analytical methods using environmentally friendly solvents. Therefore, three ecofriendly manipulated UV spectroscopic techniques have been validated for the concurrent quantification of newly approved remogliflozin etabonate (REM) and metformin HCl (MET) tablets using water as a solvent. The first method was established using first derivative absorption spectroscopic method by determining the peak amplitude at 233.0 nm for REM and 252.2 nm for MET, a zero crossing of one the component. The second and third methods were based on the peak amplitude difference and first-order derivative absorption of the ratio spectra developed by the manipulation of scanned UV spectra. REM and MET showed good linearity in the series of 1-20 µg ml-1 and 2.5-35 µg ml-1, respectively, by all three methods with an excellent correlation coefficient (r2 ≥ 0.998). Further, the proposed UV spectroscopic techniques were validated as per International Council for Harmonization guidelines. The methods showed good sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. Anticipated procedures were effectively utilized for the concurrent quantification of REM and MET in laboratory prepared mixtures and tablets. The high percent recovery with low standard deviation found for both analytes by all three methods confirms the accuracy and precision of the procedures. Finally, the greenness of the proposed spectroscopic methods, evaluated by semi-quantitative and quantitative methods, showed the eco-friendly nature of the methods. Furthermore, the proposed approaches were simple, accurate, sensitive, economic, and environmentally friendly and hence can be utilized for regular quality control of REM and MET formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.)
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.)
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Bandar E. Al-Dhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.)
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (B.E.A.-D.); (K.N.V.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia;
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Mahrouse MA, Elwy HM, Salem EM. Simultaneous determination of cefixime and erdosteine in combined dosage form using validated spectrophotometric methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 241:118647. [PMID: 32652285 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Four accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of a binary mixture of cefixime (CEF) and erdosteine (ERD) without previous separation. Method A was first derivative ratio spectrophotometric method (1DD) where the amplitudes at 310 and 315 nm and the amplitude at 248 nm were chosen to simultaneously estimate CEF and ERD, respectively. Method B depends on ratio difference spectrophotometry (RDSM), in which the difference in amplitudes at 325 and 326 nm on the ratio spectrum of the mixture was directly proportional to the concentration of CEF; independent of the interfering component. Similarly, the amplitude difference between 236 and 249 nm on the ratio spectrum was used for the determination of ERD. Method C was based on simultaneous determination of CEF and ERD using classical least squares (CLS) and partial least squares (PLS) chemometric techniques. Method D was the mean centering of ratio spectra (MCR) at 313 and 237 nm for the determination of CEF and ERD respectively. The developed methods were successfully employed to the determination of CEF and ERD in laboratory prepared mixtures and dosage form showing satisfactory recoveries. Methods validation was performed according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The obtained results were statistically compared to those of the reference method, revealing no significant difference with respect to precision and accuracy. Precision and cost effectiveness of the developed methods permit their application in quality control laboratories for the determination of the binary mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Alphonse Mahrouse
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | | | - Eman Mohamed Salem
- Researcher, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Development and Validation of Rapid RP-HPLC and Green Second-Derivative UV Spectroscopic Methods for Simultaneous Quantification of Metformin and Remogliflozin in Formulation Using Experimental Design. SEPARATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/separations7040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a new formulation containing metformin HCl (MFH) and remogliflozin etabonate (RGE) has been approved for the management of diabetes mellitus. However, only one analytical method has been reported for the simultaneous determination of both the analytes. Therefore, the current study was designed to develop simple UV derivative spectroscopic and rapid RP-HPLC methods for simultaneous determination of MFH and RGE. The chromatographic separation of MFH and RGE was performed using a monolithic C18 column with an optimized chromatographic conditions carried out by full factorial Box–Behnken design model. The spectroscopic technique was based on the determination of peak amplitude of second-order derivative UV spectra at zero crossings. Further, both the methods were validated and compared statistically using Student’s-t-test and F-test, and employed for the concurrent estimation of MFH and RGE in laboratory mixed solutions and formulations. Perturbation plots and response surface models showed the effect of chromatographic parameters and the final chromatographic condition was selected from 47 solutions suggested by the desirability function. Further, UV spectroscopic and HPLC procedures showed good linearity in the range of 1–24 µg/mL and 2–150 µg/mL for RGE and 2–30 µg/mL and 5–200 µg/mL for MFH, respectively. The average percent assay was found to be 99.51% and 99.80% for MFH and 99.60% and 100.07% for RGE by spectroscopic and HPLC methods, respectively. The proposed methods were simple, accurate, precise, and rapid. Therefore, they can be used for regular quality control of MFH and RGE formulations and dissolution studies as well.
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Smart analysis of a ternary mixture of amlodipine, hydrochlorothiazide and telmisartan by manipulation of UV spectra: Development, validation and application to formulations. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Attimarad M, Narayanswamy VK, Aldhubaib BE, SreeHarsha N, Nair AB. Development of UV spectrophotometry methods for concurrent quantification of amlodipine and celecoxib by manipulation of ratio spectra in pure and pharmaceutical formulation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222526. [PMID: 31525229 PMCID: PMC6746368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a new oral dosage preparation of amlodipine besylate (AML) and celecoxib (CEL) for the management of hypertension and osteoarthritis. However, no simultaneous estimation procedures for these two analytes have been described. Hence, two simple, accurate, and precise ultraviolet spectroscopic procedures that manipulated the ratio spectra were established for concurrent quantification of AML and CEL using ethanol as a solvent. The first method involves determining the peak-to-trough amplitude difference of the ratio spectra of AML and CEL. The second method involves determining the peak amplitude of the ratio first derivative (Δλ 4 nm) spectra of AML and CEL at 334.2 nm and 254.2 nm, correspondingly. Both methods showed linearity in the range of 1–6 μg mL-1 for AML and 5–40 μg mL-1 for CEL with an excellent correlation coefficient (<0.999). The proposed procedures were validated by following the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for accuracy, precision, selectivity, recovery, and stability studies. It is evident from the low %RSD and %RE that both analytical procedures were found to be accurate and precise, respectively. The percent recovery of AML and CEL from the formulation was found to be 99.79% and 99.34% using the ratio-difference method and 100.13% and 99.70% using the ratio first-derivative method, with a low percent relative standard deviation. Further, the proposed techniques permit concurrent quantification of AML and CEL in different concentration ratios without interference from each other; hence, these techniques can be adopted for regular quality-control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, KSA
- * E-mail:
| | - Venugopla Katarigatta Narayanswamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, KSA
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bandar Essa Aldhubaib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, KSA
| | - Nagaraja SreeHarsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, KSA
| | - Anroop Balachandran Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, KSA
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Simultaneous Determination of Moxifloxacin and Flavoxate by RP-HPLC and Ecofriendly Derivative Spectrophotometry Methods in Formulations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16071196. [PMID: 30987126 PMCID: PMC6480697 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple, fast, and precise reversed-phase (RP)-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and two ecofriendly spectrophotometric methods were established and validated for the simultaneous determination of moxifloxacin HCl (MOX) and flavoxate HCl (FLX) in formulations. Chromatographic methods involve the separation of two analytes using an Agilent Zorbax SB C18 HPLC column (150 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 µm) and a mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer (50 mM; pH 5): methanol: acetonitrile in a proportion of 50:20:30 v/v, respectively. Valsartan was used as an internal standard. Analytes were monitored by measuring the absorbance of elute at 299 nm for MOX and 250 nm for FLX and valsartan. Two environmentally friendly spectrophotometric (first derivative and ratio first derivative) methods were also developed using water as a solvent. For the derivative spectrophotometric determination of MOX and FLX, a zero-crossing technique was adopted. The wavelengths selected for MOX and FLX were −304.0 nm and −331.8 nm for the first derivative spectrophotometric method and 358.4 nm and −334.1 nm for the ratio first-derivative spectrophotometric method, respectively. All methods were successfully validated, as per the International Conference on Harmonization(ICH) guidelines, and all parameters were well within acceptable ranges. The proposed analytical methods were successfully utilized for the simultaneous estimation of MOX and FLX in formulations.
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