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Casey MA, Lusk S, Kwan KM. Eye Morphogenesis in Vertebrates. Annu Rev Vis Sci 2023; 9:221-243. [PMID: 37040791 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-vision-100720-111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Proper eye structure is essential for visual function: Multiple essential eye tissues must take shape and assemble into a precise three-dimensional configuration. Accordingly, alterations to eye structure can lead to pathological conditions of visual impairment. Changes in eye shape can also be adaptive over evolutionary time. Eye structure is first established during development with the formation of the optic cup, which contains the neural retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and lens. This crucial yet deceptively simple hemispherical structure lays the foundation for all later elaborations of the eye. Building on descriptions of the embryonic eye that started with hand drawings and micrographs, the field is beginning to identify mechanisms driving dynamic changes in three-dimensional cell and tissue shape. A combination of molecular genetics, imaging, and pharmacological approaches is defining connections among transcription factors, signaling pathways, and the intracellular machinery governing the emergence of this crucial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macaulie A Casey
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; , ,
| | - Sarah Lusk
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; , ,
| | - Kristen M Kwan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; , ,
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2
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Kujawski S, Crespo C, Luz M, Yuan M, Winkler S, Knust E. Loss of Crb2b-lf leads to anterior segment defects in old zebrafish. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio047555. [PMID: 31988089 PMCID: PMC7044448 DOI: 10.1242/bio.047555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the retina or the anterior segment of the eye lead to compromised vision and affect millions of people. Understanding how these ocular structures develop and are maintained is therefore of paramount importance. The maintenance of proper vision depends, among other factors, on the function of genes controlling apico-basal polarity. In fact, mutations in polarity genes are linked to retinal degeneration in several species, including human. Here we describe a novel zebrafish crb2b allele (crb2be40 ), which specifically affects the crb2b long isoform. crb2be40 mutants are viable and display normal ocular development. However, old crb2be40 mutant fish develop multiple defects in structures of the anterior segment, which includes the cornea, the iris and the lens. Phenotypes are characterised by smaller pupils due to expansion of the iris and tissues of the iridocorneal angle, an increased number of corneal stromal keratocytes, an abnormal corneal endothelium and an expanded lens capsule. These findings illustrate a novel role for crb2b in the maintenance of the anterior segment and hence add an important function to this polarity regulator, which may be conserved in other vertebrates including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Kujawski
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Cátia Crespo
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marta Luz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michaela Yuan
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sylke Winkler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Knust
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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3
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Taler K, Weiss O, Rotem-Bamberger S, Rubinstein AM, Seritrakul P, Gross JM, Inbal A. Lysyl hydroxylase 3 is required for normal lens capsule formation and maintenance of lens epithelium integrity and fate. Dev Biol 2019; 458:177-188. [PMID: 31669351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lens abnormalities are a major cause of reduced vision and blindness. One mechanism that can lead to reduced lens transparency, i.e. cataract, is abnormal behavior of lens epithelial cells (LECs), the precursors of the transparent lens fiber cells. Here we describe a zebrafish mutation causing the embryonic lens epithelium to generate cellular masses comprising partially differentiated lens fiber cells. We identify the mutant gene as plod3, which encodes for Lysyl hydroxylase 3 (Lh3), an enzyme essential for modification of collagens, including Collagen IV, a main component of the lens capsule. We show that plod3-deficient lenses have abnormal lens epithelium from an early developmental stage, as well as abnormal lens capsules. Subsequently, upregulation of TGFβ signaling takes place, which drives the formation of lens epithelial cellular masses. We identify a similar phenotype in Collagen IVα5-deficient embryos, suggesting a key role for the defective lens capsule in the pathogenesis. We propose that plod3 and col4a5 mutant zebrafish can serve as useful models for better understanding the biology of LECs during embryonic development and in formation of lens epithelium-derived cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kineret Taler
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omri Weiss
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shahar Rotem-Bamberger
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ariel M Rubinstein
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Pawat Seritrakul
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gross
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adi Inbal
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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4
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Weatherbee BAT, Barton JR, Siddam AD, Anand D, Lachke SA. Molecular characterization of the human lens epithelium-derived cell line SRA01/04. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107787. [PMID: 31479653 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cataract-associated gene discovery in human and animal models have informed on key aspects of human lens development, homeostasis and pathology. Additionally, in vitro models such as the culture of permanent human lens epithelium-derived cell lines (LECs) have also been utilized to understand the molecular biology of lens cells. However, these resources remain uncharacterized, specifically regarding their global gene expression and suitability to model lens cell biology. Therefore, we sought to molecularly characterize gene expression in the human LEC, SRA01/04, which is commonly used in lens studies. We first performed short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and validated SRA01/04 LEC for its human origin, as recommended by the eye research community. Next, we used Illumina HumanHT-12 v3.0 Expression BeadChip arrays to gain insights into the global gene expression profile of SRA01/04. Comparative analysis of SRA01/04 microarray data was performed using other resources such as the lens expression database iSyTE (integrated Systems Tool for Eye gene discovery), the cataract gene database Cat-Map and the published lens literature. This analysis showed that SRA01/04 significantly expresses >40% of the top iSyTE lens-enriched genes (313 out of 749) across different developmental stages. Further, SRA01/04 also significantly expresses ~53% (168 out of 318) of cataract-associated genes in Cat-Map. We also performed comparative gene expression analysis between SRA01/04 cells and the previously validated mouse LEC 21EM15. To gain insight into whether SRA01/04 reflects epithelial or fiber cell characteristics, we compared its gene expression profile to previously reported differentially expressed genes in isolated mouse lens epithelial and fiber cells. This analysis suggests that SRA01/04 has reduced expression of several fiber cell-enriched genes. In agreement with these findings, cell culture analysis demonstrates that SRA01/04 has reduced potential to initiate spontaneous lentoid body formation compared to 21EM15 cells. Next, to independently validate SRA01/04 microarray gene expression, we subjected several candidate genes to RT-PCR and RT-qPCR assays. This analysis demonstrates that SRA01/04 supports expression of many key genes associated with lens development and cataract, including CRYAB, CRYBB2, CRYGS, DKK3, EPHA2, ETV5, GJA1, HSPB1, INPPL1, ITGB1, PAX6, PVRL3, SFRP1, SPARC, TDRD7, and VIM, among others, and therefore can be relevant for understanding the mechanistic basis of these factors. At the same time, SRA01/04 cells do not exhibit robust expression of several genes known to be important to lens biology and cataract such as ALDH1A1, COL4A6, CP, CRYBA4, FOXE3, HMX1, HSF4, MAF, MEIS1, PITX3, PRX, SIX3, and TRPM3, among many others. Therefore, the present study offers a rich transcript-level resource for case-by-case evaluation of the potential advantages and limitations of SRA01/04 cells prior to their use in downstream investigations. In sum, these data show that the human LEC, SRA01/04, exhibits lens epithelial cell-like character reflected in the expression of several lens-enriched and cataract-associated genes, and therefore can be considered as a useful in vitro resource when combined with in vivo studies to gain insight into specific aspects of human lens epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua R Barton
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Archana D Siddam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Deepti Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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5
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Aose M, Linbo TH, Lawrence O, Senoo T, Raible DW, Clark JI. The occhiolino (occ) mutant Zebrafish, a model for development of the optical function in the biological lens. Dev Dyn 2017; 246:915-924. [PMID: 28422363 PMCID: PMC6800130 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zebrafish visual function depends on quality optics. An F3 screen for developmental mutations in the Zebrafish nervous system was conducted in wild-type (wt) AB Zebrafish exposed to 3 mM of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). RESULTS Mutant offspring, identified in an F3 screen, were characterized by a small pupil, resulting from retinal hypertrophy or hyperplasia and a small lens. Deficits in visual function made feeding difficult after hatching at approximately 5-6 days postfertilization (dpf). Special feeding conditions were necessary for survival of the occhiolino (occ) mutants after 6 dpf. Optokinetic response (OKR) tests measured defects in visual function in the occ mutant, although electroretinograms (ERGs) were normal in the mutant and wt. Consistent with the ERGs, histology found normal retinal structure in the occ mutant and wt Zebrafish. However, lens development was abnormal. Multiphoton imaging of the developmental stages of live embryos confirmed the formation of a secondary mass of lens cells in the developing eye of the mutant Zebrafish at 3-4 dpf, and laminin immunohistochemistry indicated the lens capsule was thin and disorganized in the mutant Zebrafish. CONCLUSIONS The occ Zebrafish is a novel disease model for visual defects associated with abnormal lens development. Developmental Dynamics 246:915-924, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamoto Aose
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tor H Linbo
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Owen Lawrence
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tadashi Senoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - David W Raible
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - John I Clark
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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6
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Yao Y. Laminin: loss-of-function studies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1095-1115. [PMID: 27696112 PMCID: PMC11107706 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Laminin, one of the most widely expressed extracellular matrix proteins, exerts many important functions in multiple organs/systems and at various developmental stages. Although its critical roles in embryonic development have been demonstrated, laminin's functions at later stages remain largely unknown, mainly due to its intrinsic complexity and lack of research tools (most laminin mutants are embryonic lethal). With the advance of genetic and molecular techniques, many new laminin mutants have been generated recently. These new mutants usually have a longer lifespan and show previously unidentified phenotypes. Not only do these studies suggest novel functions of laminin, but also they provide invaluable animal models that allow investigation of laminin's functions at late stages. Here, I first briefly introduce the nomenclature, structure, and biochemistry of laminin in general. Next, all the loss-of-function mutants/models for each laminin chain are discussed and their phenotypes compared. I hope to provide a comprehensive review on laminin functions and its loss-of-function models, which could serve as a reference for future research in this understudied field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA.
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7
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Pathania M, Wang Y, Simirskii VN, Duncan MK. β1-integrin controls cell fate specification in early lens development. Differentiation 2016; 92:133-147. [PMID: 27596755 PMCID: PMC5159248 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface molecules that mediate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion, ECM assembly, and regulation of both ECM and growth factor induced signaling. However, the developmental context of these diverse functions is not clear. Loss of β1-integrin from the lens vesicle (mouse E10.5) results in abnormal exit of anterior lens epithelial cells (LECs) from the cell cycle and their aberrant elongation toward the presumptive cornea by E12.5. These cells lose expression of LEC markers and initiate expression of the Maf (also known as c-Maf) and Prox1 transcription factors as well as other lens fiber cell markers. β1-integrin null LECs also upregulate the ERK, AKT and Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation indicative of BMP and FGF signaling. By E14.5, β1-integrin null lenses have undergone a complete conversion of all lens epithelial cells into fiber cells. These data suggest that shortly after lens vesicle closure, β1-integrin blocks inappropriate differentiation of the lens epithelium into fibers, potentially by inhibiting BMP and/or FGF receptor activation. Thus, β1-integrin has an important role in fine-tuning the response of the early lens to the gradient of growth factors that regulate lens fiber cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Pathania
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Vladimir N Simirskii
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Melinda K Duncan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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8
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Impaired ADAMTS9 secretion: A potential mechanism for eye defects in Peters Plus Syndrome. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33974. [PMID: 27687499 PMCID: PMC5043182 DOI: 10.1038/srep33974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Peters Plus syndrome (PPS), a congenital disorder of glycosylation, results from recessive mutations affecting the glucosyltransferase B3GLCT, leading to congenital corneal opacity and diverse extra-ocular manifestations. Together with the fucosyltransferase POFUT2, B3GLCT adds Glucoseβ1-3Fucose disaccharide to a consensus sequence in thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs) of several proteins. Which of these target proteins is functionally compromised in PPS is unknown. We report here that haploinsufficiency of murine Adamts9, encoding a secreted metalloproteinase with 15 TSRs, leads to congenital corneal opacity and Peters anomaly (persistent lens-cornea adhesion), which is a hallmark of PPS. Mass spectrometry of recombinant ADAMTS9 showed that 9 of 12 TSRs with the O-fucosylation consensus sequence carried the Glucoseβ1-3Fucose disaccharide and B3GLCT knockdown reduced ADAMTS9 secretion in HEK293F cells. Together, the genetic and biochemical findings imply a dosage-dependent role for ADAMTS9 in ocular morphogenesis. Reduced secretion of ADAMTS9 in the absence of B3GLCT is proposed as a mechanism of Peters anomaly in PPS. The functional link between ADAMTS9 and B3GLCT established here also provides credence to their recently reported association with age-related macular degeneration.
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9
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Richardson R, Tracey-White D, Webster A, Moosajee M. The zebrafish eye-a paradigm for investigating human ocular genetics. Eye (Lond) 2016; 31:68-86. [PMID: 27612182 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2016.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although human epidemiological and genetic studies are essential to elucidate the aetiology of normal and aberrant ocular development, animal models have provided us with an understanding of the pathogenesis of multiple developmental ocular malformations. Zebrafish eye development displays in depth molecular complexity and stringent spatiotemporal regulation that incorporates developmental contributions of the surface ectoderm, neuroectoderm and head mesenchyme, similar to that seen in humans. For this reason, and due to its genetic tractability, external fertilisation, and early optical clarity, the zebrafish has become an invaluable vertebrate system to investigate human ocular development and disease. Recently, zebrafish have been at the leading edge of preclinical therapy development, with their amenability to genetic manipulation facilitating the generation of robust ocular disease models required for large-scale genetic and drug screening programmes. This review presents an overview of human and zebrafish ocular development, genetic methodologies employed for zebrafish mutagenesis, relevant models of ocular disease, and finally therapeutic approaches, which may have translational leads in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Richardson
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - D Tracey-White
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - A Webster
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Moosajee
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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10
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Bryan CD, Chien CB, Kwan KM. Loss of laminin alpha 1 results in multiple structural defects and divergent effects on adhesion during vertebrate optic cup morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2016; 416:324-37. [PMID: 27339294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The vertebrate eye forms via a complex set of morphogenetic events. The optic vesicle evaginates and undergoes transformative shape changes to form the optic cup, in which neural retina and retinal pigmented epithelium enwrap the lens. It has long been known that a complex, glycoprotein-rich extracellular matrix layer surrounds the developing optic cup throughout the process, yet the functions of the matrix and its specific molecular components have remained unclear. Previous work established a role for laminin extracellular matrix in particular steps of eye development, including optic vesicle evagination, lens differentiation, and retinal ganglion cell polarization, yet it is unknown what role laminin might play in the early process of optic cup formation subsequent to the initial step of optic vesicle evagination. Here, we use the zebrafish lama1 mutant (lama1(UW1)) to determine the function of laminin during optic cup morphogenesis. Using live imaging, we find, surprisingly, that loss of laminin leads to divergent effects on focal adhesion assembly in a spatiotemporally-specific manner, and that laminin is required for multiple steps of optic cup morphogenesis, including optic stalk constriction, invagination, and formation of a spherical lens. Laminin is not required for single cell behaviors and changes in cell shape. Rather, in lama1(UW1) mutants, loss of epithelial polarity and altered adhesion lead to defective tissue architecture and formation of a disorganized retina. These results demonstrate that the laminin extracellular matrix plays multiple critical roles regulating adhesion and polarity to establish and maintain tissue structure during optic cup morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase D Bryan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Chi-Bin Chien
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kristen M Kwan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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11
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Vilboux T, Malicdan MCV, Chang YM, Guo J, Zerfas PM, Stephen J, Cullinane AR, Bryant J, Fischer R, Brooks BP, Zein WM, Wiggs EA, Zalewski CK, Poretti A, Bryan MM, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Kirby M, Anderson SM, Huizing M, Toro C, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. Cystic cerebellar dysplasia and biallelic LAMA1 mutations: a lamininopathy associated with tics, obsessive compulsive traits and myopia due to cell adhesion and migration defects. J Med Genet 2016; 53:318-29. [PMID: 27095636 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminins are heterotrimeric complexes, consisting of α, β and γ subunits that form a major component of basement membranes and extracellular matrix. Laminin complexes have different, but often overlapping, distributions and functions. METHODS Under our clinical protocol, NCT00068224, we have performed extensive clinical and neuropsychiatric phenotyping, neuroimaging and molecular analysis in patients with laminin α1 (LAMA1)-associated lamininopathy. We investigated the consequence of mutations in LAMA1 using patient-derived fibroblasts and neuronal cells derived from neuronal stem cells. RESULTS In this paper we describe individuals with biallelic mutations in LAMA1, all of whom had the cerebellar dysplasia, myopia and retinal dystrophy, in addition to obsessive compulsive traits, tics and anxiety. Patient-derived fibroblasts have impaired adhesion, reduced migration, abnormal morphology and increased apoptosis due to impaired activation of Cdc42, a member of the Rho family of GTPases that is involved in cytoskeletal dynamics. LAMA1 knockdown in human neuronal cells also showed abnormal morphology and filopodia formation, supporting the importance of LAMA1 in neuronal migration, and marking these cells potentially useful tools for disease modelling and therapeutic target discovery. CONCLUSION This paper broadens the phenotypes associated with LAMA1 mutations. We demonstrate that LAMA1 deficiency can lead to alteration in cytoskeletal dynamics, which may invariably lead to alteration in dendrite growth and axonal formation. Estimation of disease prevalence based on population studies in LAMA1 reveals a prevalence of 1-20 in 1 000 000. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00068224.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yun Min Chang
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Guo
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia M Zerfas
- Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshi Stephen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew R Cullinane
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Joy Bryant
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edythe A Wiggs
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher K Zalewski
- Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea Poretti
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melanie M Bryan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha Kirby
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stacie M Anderson
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Marjan Huizing
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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12
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Patel TR, Nikodemus D, Besong TM, Reuten R, Meier M, Harding SE, Winzor DJ, Koch M, Stetefeld J. Biophysical analysis of a lethal laminin alpha-1 mutation reveals altered self-interaction. Matrix Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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