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Jamioł M, Sozoniuk M, Wawrzykowski J, Kankofer M. Changes in plasma PLAC-1 concentration and its expression during early-mid pregnancy in bovine placental tissues - a pilot study. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:59. [PMID: 38378537 PMCID: PMC10877859 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03898-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC1) is a small secreted protein considered to be a molecule with a significant role in the development of the placenta and the establishment of the mother-foetus interface. This study aimed to confirm the presence of bovine PLAC1 and to examine its profile in the placenta and plasma in the first six months of pregnancy. The expression pattern of PLAC1 was analysed by RT-qPCR and Western Blotting. Quantitative evaluation was carried out using ELISA. RESULTS PLAC1 concentrations in the plasma of pregnant cows were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those obtained from non-pregnant animals. PLAC1 protein concentrations in the placental tissues of the foetal part were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in the tissues of the maternal part of the placenta. PLAC1 transcripts were detected in both placental tissue samples and epithelial cell cultures. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the results of the present preliminary study suggest that PLAC1 is involved in the development of bovine placenta. The presence of this protein in the plasma of pregnant animals as early as the first month may make it a potential candidate as a pregnancy marker in cows. Further studies on exact mechanisms of action of PLAC1 in bovine placenta are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jamioł
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka Street 12, Lublin, 20-033, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sozoniuk
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka Street 15, Lublin, 20-950, Poland
| | - Jacek Wawrzykowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka Street 12, Lublin, 20-033, Poland
| | - Marta Kankofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka Street 12, Lublin, 20-033, Poland.
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Devor EJ, Santillan DA, Warrier A, Scroggins SM, Santillan MK. Placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC1) expression is significantly down-regulated in preeclampsia via a hypoxia-mediated mechanism. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:8419-8425. [PMID: 34565269 PMCID: PMC8959068 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1977792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine a mechanism of PLAC1 regulation and its potential role in preeclampsia (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Placental tissue samples and detailed clinical information were obtained through the University of Iowa Maternal Fetal Tissue Bank (IRB# 200910784) from gestational and maternal age-matched control (n = 17) and PE affected pregnancies (n = 12). PLAC1 and PLAC1 promoter-specific expression was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and differences were assessed via the standard ΔΔCt method. In addition, the role of hypoxia in PLAC1 transcription was investigated through the exposure of HTR8/SVneo human trophoblast cells to the hypoxia mimic dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG). RESULTS PLAC1 expression is seen to be 8.9-fold lower in human placentas affected by preeclampsia in comparison with controls (p < .05). Further, this decrease is paralleled by a significantly lower expression of the P2 or proximal PLAC1 promoter (p < .05). Expression of mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1), a known hypoxia-sensitive transcription coactivator and PLAC1 effector, is significantly correlated with PLAC 1 expression (r2 = 0.607, p < .001). These data suggest that PLAC1 expression is significantly down-regulated in preeclampsia at least in part via a MED1 hypoxia-mediated mechanism. CONCLUSIONS We confirm that PLAC1 transcription is suppressed in the placentae of women affected by preeclampsia. We further demonstrate that this suppression is driven through the P2 or proximal PLAC1 promoter. This demonstration led to the identification of the MED1-TRAP cofactor complex as the hypoxia-sensitive driver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Devor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Donna A. Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Akshaya Warrier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sabrina M. Scroggins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mark K. Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Lestari B, Naito S, Endo A, Nishihara H, Kato A, Watanabe E, Denda K, Komada M, Fukushima T. Placental mammals acquired functional sequences in NRK for regulating the CK2-PTEN-AKT pathway and placental cell proliferation. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6499274. [PMID: 34999820 PMCID: PMC8857918 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular evolution processes underlying the acquisition of the placenta in eutherian ancestors are not fully understood. Mouse NCK-interacting kinase (NIK)-related kinase (NRK) is expressed highly in the placenta and plays a role in preventing placental hyperplasia. Here, we show the molecular evolution of NRK, which confers its function for inhibiting placental cell proliferation. Comparative genome analysis identified NRK orthologs across vertebrates, which share the kinase and citron homology (CNH) domains. Evolutionary analysis revealed that NRK underwent extensive amino acid substitutions in the ancestor of placental mammals and has been since conserved. Biochemical analysis of mouse NRK revealed that the CNH domain binds to phospholipids, and a region in NRK binds to and inhibits casein kinase-2 (CK2), which we named the CK2-inhibitory region (CIR). Cell culture experiments suggest the following: 1) Mouse NRK is localized at the plasma membrane via the CNH domain, where the CIR inhibits CK2. 2) This mitigates CK2-dependent phosphorylation and inhibition of PTEN and 3) leads to the inhibition of AKT signaling and cell proliferation. Nrk deficiency increased phosphorylation levels of PTEN and AKT in mouse placenta, supporting our hypothesis. Unlike mouse NRK, chicken NRK did not bind to phospholipids and CK2, decrease phosphorylation of AKT, or inhibit cell proliferation. Both the CNH domain and CIR have evolved under purifying selection in placental mammals. Taken together, our study suggests that placental mammals acquired the phospholipid-binding CNH domain and CIR in NRK for regulating the CK2–PTEN–AKT pathway and placental cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beni Lestari
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Satomi Naito
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Akinori Endo
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nishihara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Erika Watanabe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Denda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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Mahmoudian J, Ghods R, Nazari M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Ghahremani MH, Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy N, Ostad SN, Zarnani AH. PLAC1: biology and potential application in cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1039-1058. [PMID: 31165204 PMCID: PMC11028298 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapy has revolutionized medical oncology with unprecedented advances in cancer treatment over the past two decades. However, a major obstacle in cancer immunotherapy is identifying appropriate tumor-specific antigens to make targeted therapy achievable with fewer normal cells being impaired. The similarity between placentation and tumor development and growth has inspired many investigators to discover antigens for effective immunotherapy of cancers. Placenta-specific 1 (PLAC1) is one of the recently discovered placental antigens with limited normal tissue expression and fundamental roles in placental function and development. There is a growing body of evidence showing that PLAC1 is frequently activated in a wide variety of cancer types and promotes cancer progression. Based on the restricted expression of PLAC1 in testis, placenta and a wide variety of cancers, we have designated this molecule with new terminology, cancer-testis-placenta (CTP) antigen, a feature that PLAC1 shares with many other cancer testis antigens. Recent reports from our lab provide compelling evidence on the preferential expression of PLAC1 in prostate cancer and its potential utility in prostate cancer immunotherapy. PLAC1 may be regarded as a potential CTP antigen for targeted cancer immunotherapy based on the available data on its promoting function in cancer development and also its expression in cancers of different histological origin. In this review, we will summarize current data on PLAC1 with emphasis on its association with cancer development and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Mahmoudian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Ghods
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Nazari
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pharmacology Building, Enghelab St., Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pharmacology Building, Enghelab St., Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Nafisi Building, Enghelab St., Tehran, 1417613151, Iran.
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Devor EJ, Gonzalez-Bosquet J, Warrier A, Reyes HD, Ibik NV, Schickling BM, Newtson A, Goodheart MJ, Leslie KK. p53 mutation status is a primary determinant of placenta-specific protein 1 expression in serous ovarian cancers. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1721-1728. [PMID: 28339050 PMCID: PMC5403493 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC1) expression is co-opted in numerous human cancers. As a consequence of PLAC1 expression, tumor cells exhibit enhanced proliferation and invasiveness. This characteristic is associated with increased aggressiveness and worse patient outcomes. Recently, the presence of the tumor suppressor p53 was shown in vitro to inhibit PLAC1 transcription by compromising the P1, or distal/cancer, promoter. We sought to determine if this phenomenon occurs in primary patient tumors as well. Furthermore, we wanted to know if p53 mutation influenced PLAC1 expression as compared with wild-type. We chose to study serous ovarian tumors as they are well known to have a high rate of p53 mutation. We report herein that the phenomenon of PLAC1 transcription repression does occur in serous ovarian carcinomas but only when TP53 is wild-type. We find that mutant or absent p53 protein de-represses PLAC1 transcription. We further propose that the inability of mutant p53 to repress PLAC1 transcription is due to the fact that the altered TP53 protein is unable to occupy a putative p53 binding site in the PLAC1 P1 promoter thus allowing transcription to occur. Finally, we show that PLAC1 transcript number is significantly negatively correlated with patient survival in our samples. Thus, we suggest that characterizing tumors for TP53 mutation status, p53 protein status and PLAC1 transcription could be used to predict likely prognosis and inform treatment options in patients diagnosed with serous ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Devor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jesus Gonzalez-Bosquet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Akshaya Warrier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Henry D Reyes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nonye V Ibik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brandon M Schickling
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Andreea Newtson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Michael J Goodheart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kimberly K Leslie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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