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Gano CA, Fatima S, Failes TW, Arndt GM, Sajinovic M, Mahns D, Saedisomeolia A, Coorssen JR, Bucci J, de Souza P, Vafaee F, Scott KF. Anti-cancer potential of synergistic phytochemical combinations is influenced by the genetic profile of prostate cancer cell lines. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1119274. [PMID: 36960209 PMCID: PMC10029761 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1119274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite strong epidemiological evidence that dietary factors modulate cancer risk, cancer control through dietary intervention has been a largely intractable goal for over sixty years. The effect of tumour genotype on synergy is largely unexplored. Methods The effect of seven dietary phytochemicals, quercetin (0-100 μM), curcumin (0-80 μM), genistein, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), equol, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (each 0-200 μM), alone and in all paired combinations om cell viability of the androgen-responsive, pTEN-null (LNCaP), androgen-independent, pTEN-null (PC-3) or androgen-independent, pTEN-positive (DU145) prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines was determined using a high throughput alamarBlue® assay. Synergy, additivity and antagonism were modelled using Bliss additivism and highest single agent equations. Patterns of maximum synergy were identified by polygonogram analysis. Network pharmacology approaches were used to identify interactions with known PCa protein targets. Results Synergy was observed with all combinations. In LNCaP and PC-3 cells, I3C mediated maximum synergy with five phytochemicals, while genistein was maximally synergistic with EGCG. In contrast, DU145 cells showed resveratrol-mediated maximum synergy with equol, EGCG and genistein, with I3C mediating maximum synergy with only quercetin and curcumin. Knockdown of pTEN expression in DU145 cells abrogated the synergistic effect of resveratrol without affecting the synergy profile of I3C and quercetin. Discussion Our study identifies patterns of synergy that are dependent on tumour cell genotype and are independent of androgen signaling but are dependent on pTEN. Despite evident cell-type specificity in both maximally-synergistic combinations and the pathways that phytochemicals modulate, these combinations interact with similar prostate cancer protein targets. Here, we identify an approach that, when coupled with advanced data analysis methods, may suggest optimal dietary phytochemical combinations for individual consumption based on tumour molecular profile.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A. Gano
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Shadma Fatima
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Shadma Fatima, ;
| | - Timothy W. Failes
- ACRF Drug Discovery Centre, Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gregory M. Arndt
- ACRF Drug Discovery Centre, Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mila Sajinovic
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - David Mahns
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmad Saedisomeolia
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Jens R. Coorssen
- Departments of Health Sciences and Biological Sciences, Faculties of Applied Health Science, and Mathematics and Science, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph Bucci
- St George Hospital Clinical School, UNSW, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul de Souza
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Vafaee
- School of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Data Science Hub (uDASH), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kieran F. Scott
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
- Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kieran F. Scott,
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Resveratrol-loaded titania nanotube coatings promote osteogenesis and inhibit inflammation through reducing the reactive oxygen species production via regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112513. [PMID: 34857292 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although titanium and its alloys are widely used in bone surgeries, the implantation failures caused by sterile inflammation still occur. The excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the peri-implant region are considered to cause inflammation and impede the osseointegration of titanium implants. In this study, a coating of resveratrol-loaded titania nanotube (TNT-Res) for eliminating ROS was fabricated on titanium surface through electrochemical anodization and following surface adsorption of resveratrol. The resveratrol concentration of released from TNT-Res coating was controlled by modulating the loading amount. The ROS production in macrophage cell lineage RAW 264.7 and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were significantly decreased when cultured on TNT-Res coatings. The pro-inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and NO produced by RAW 264.7 cells were reduced when cells were cultured on TNT-Res coatings. These results proved that the TNT-Res coating can effectively eliminate ROS and inhibit inflammation. Moreover, the osteogenic indicators, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) production, extracellular calcium deposition, and osteogenesis-related gene expression, including collagen І (Col-І), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), were significantly promoted for TNT-Res groups, which demonstrated that the TNT-Res coating can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Additionally, the phosphorylation of nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB) were down-regulated both in RAW 264.7 cells and BMSCs, which indicated that the TNT-Res coating could inhibit inflammation and promote osteogenesis by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. The TNT-Res coating could be an effective implant surface for improving osseointegration ability of titanium implants.
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Wan W, Ding Y, Xie Z, Li Q, Yan F, Budbazar E, Pearce WJ, Hartman R, Obenaus A, Zhang JH, Jiang Y, Tang J. PDGFR-β modulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype via IRF-9/SIRT-1/NF-κB pathway in subarachnoid hemorrhage rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1369-1380. [PMID: 29480757 PMCID: PMC6668513 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18760954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) has been reported to promote phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the PDGFR-β/IRF9/SIRT-1/NF-κB pathway in VSMC phenotypic transformation after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH was induced using the endovascular perforation model in Sprague-Dawley rats. PDGFR-β small interfering RNA (siRNA) and IRF9 siRNA were injected intracerebroventricularly 48 h before SAH. SIRT1 activator (resveratrol) and inhibitor (EX527) were administered intraperitoneally 1 h after SAH induction. Twenty-four hours after SAH, the VSMC contractile phenotype marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) decreased, whereas the VSMC synthetic phenotype marker embryonic smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (Smemb) increased. Both PDGFR-β siRNA and IRF9 siRNA attenuated the induction of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and enhanced the expression of α-SMA. The SIRT1 activator (resveratrol) preserved VSMC contractile phenotype, significantly alleviated neurological dysfunction, and reduced brain edema. However, these beneficial effects of PDGFR-β siRNA, IRF9 siRNA and resveratrol were abolished by the SIRT1 inhibitor (EX527). This study shows that PDGFR-β/IRF9/SIRT-1/NF-κB signaling played a role in the VSMC phenotypic transformation after SAH. Inhibition of this signaling cascade preserved the contractile phenotype of VSMCs, thereby improving neurological outcomes following SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Wan
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Ding
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Zongyi Xie
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Qian Li
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Feng Yan
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Enkhjargal Budbazar
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - William J Pearce
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Richard Hartman
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Andre Obenaus
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Yong Jiang
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiping Tang
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Zeng M, Luo Y, Xu C, Li R, Chen N, Deng X, Fang D, Wang L, Wu J, Luo M. Platelet-endothelial cell interactions modulate smooth muscle cell phenotype in an in vitro model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 316:C186-C197. [PMID: 30517030 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00428.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Platelet (PLT)-endothelial cell (EC) interaction appears to contribute to phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which play an important role in the physiological and pathological process of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). However, the precise mechanisms by which interactions between PLTs and ECs affect VSMC phenotype have largely remained unclear. We determined the effect of diabetic PLT-EC interaction to influence VSMC migration, proliferation, and phenotypic transformation in triple-cell coculture models using the quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, fluorescence microscopy, wound scratch assays, CCK-8 assays, and gelatin zymography assays. Our results revealed DM2 PLT-EC interaction to be associated with a significant downregulation of VSMC-specific contractile phenotypic genes and proteins, including SM22α, smooth muscle actin, Smoothelin-B, and smooth muscle-myosin heavy chain. Inversely, VSMC-specific proliferative phenotype gene and protein levels, including cyclin D1 and 2, nonmuscle myosin heavy chain B, and PCNA were in upregulation. Furthermore, the DM2-originated PLT-EC interaction promoted the expression level of transforming growth factor-β1, and the PI3K/Akt and matrix metalloproteinase 9 signaling pathway was activated subsequently. Finally, these reactions contributed to a synthetic phenotype of VSMCs, including the proliferation, migration, and gelatinolytic activities. These findings suggest that PLT-EC interaction modulates the phenotypic transition of VSMCs between a contractile and proliferative/synthetic phenotype under diabetic conditions, conceivably providing important implications regarding the mechanisms controlling the VSMC phenotypic transition and the development of cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yulin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Mao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Neural Vascular Mechanism for the Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation after Hemorrhagic Stroke. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:5819514. [PMID: 29104807 PMCID: PMC5634612 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5819514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the initial stages of hemorrhagic stroke, including intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, the reflex mechanisms are activated to protect cerebral perfusion, but secondary dysfunction of cerebral flow autoregulation will eventually reduce global cerebral blood flow and the delivery of metabolic substrates, leading to generalized cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, and ultimately, neuronal cell death. Cerebral blood flow is controlled by various regulatory mechanisms, including prevailing arterial pressure, intracranial pressure, arterial blood gases, neural activity, and metabolic demand. Evoked by the concept of vascular neural network, the unveiled neural vascular mechanism gains more and more attentions. Astrocyte, neuron, pericyte, endothelium, and so forth are formed as a communicate network to regulate with each other as well as the cerebral blood flow. However, the signaling molecules responsible for this communication between these new players and blood vessels are yet to be definitively confirmed. Recent evidence suggested the pivotal role of transcriptional mechanism, including but not limited to miRNA, lncRNA, exosome, and so forth, for the cerebral blood flow autoregulation. In the present review, we sought to summarize the hemodynamic changes and underline neural vascular mechanism for cerebral blood flow autoregulation in stroke-prone state and after hemorrhagic stroke and hopefully provide more systematic and innovative research interests for the pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies of hemorrhagic stroke.
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Saleh Al-Shehabi T, Iratni R, Eid AH. Anti-atherosclerotic plants which modulate the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1068-1081. [PMID: 26776961 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of global death, with atherosclerosis being a major contributor to this mortality. Several mechanisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease. A key element in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions is the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. Under pathophysiologic conditions such as injury, these cells switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype that often possesses high proliferative and migratory capacities. PURPOSE Despite major advances made in the management and treatment of atherosclerosis, mortality associated with this disease remains high. This mandates that other approaches be sought. Herbal medicine, especially for the treatment of CVD, has been gaining more attention in recent years. This is in no small part due to the evidence-based values associated with the consumption of many plants as well as the relatively cheaper prices, easier access and conventional folk medicine "inherited" over generations. Sections: In this review, we provide a brief introduction about the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis then we highlight the role of vascular smooth muscle cells in this disease, especially when a phenotypic switch of these cells arises. We then thoroughly discuss the various plants that show potentially beneficial effects as anti-atherosclerotic, with prime attention given to herbs and plants that inhibit the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION Accumulating evidence provides the justification for the use of botanicals in the treatment or prevention of atherosclerosis. However, further studies, especially clinical ones, are warranted to better define several pharmacological parameters of these herbs, such as toxicity, tolerability, and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuqa Saleh Al-Shehabi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon ; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Suppressive effect of formononetin on platelet-derived growth factor-BB-stimulated proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1901-1907. [PMID: 27588108 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been implicated in intimal hyperplasia, atherosclerosis and restenosis following percutaneous coronary intervention. Formononetin, a phytoestrogen extracted from the root of Astragalus membranaceus, has been widely used in Chinese tradition medicine due to its protective effects against certain symptoms of cancer, hypertension, inflammation, hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity and ovariectomy-induced bone loss. However, the effect of formononetin on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism, remains largely unclear. In the present study, treatment with formononetin significantly inhibited PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of human VSMCs. Investigation into the underlying molecular mechanism revealed that the administration of formononetin suppressed PDGF-BB-stimulated switch of VSMCs to a proliferative phenotype. Furthermore, treatment with formononetin inhibited the PDGF-BB-induced upregulation of cell cycle-related proteins, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP2) and MMP9. In addition, the that administration of formononetin inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT induced by PDGF-BB in VSMCs. The present results suggest that formononetin has a suppressive effect on PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs proliferation and migration, which may occur partly via the inhibition of AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, formononetin may be useful for the treatment of intimal hyperplasia, atherosclerosis and restenosis.
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Wu J, Zhang Y, Yang P, Enkhjargal B, Manaenko A, Tang J, Pearce WJ, Hartman R, Obenaus A, Chen G, Zhang JH. Recombinant Osteopontin Stabilizes Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype via Integrin Receptor/Integrin-Linked Kinase/Rac-1 Pathway After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. Stroke 2016; 47:1319-27. [PMID: 27006454 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.011552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recombinant osteopontin (rOPN) has been reported to be neuroprotective in stroke animal models. The purpose of this study is to investigate a potential role and mechanism of nasal administration of rOPN on preserving the vascular smooth muscle phenotype in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS One hundred and ninety-two male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The SAH model was induced by endovascular perforation. Integrin-linked kinase small interfering RNA was intracerebroventricularly injected 48 hours before SAH. The integrin receptor antagonist fibronectin-derived peptide Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro (GRGDSP), focal adhesion kinase inhibitor Fib-14, and Rac-1 inhibitor NSC23766 were administered 1 hour before SAH induction. rOPN was administered via the intracerebroventricular and nasal route after SAH. SAH grade, neurological scores, brain water content, brain swelling, hematoxylin and eosin staining, India ink angiography, Western blots, and immunofluorescence were used to study the mechanisms of rOPN on the vascular smooth muscle phenotypic transformation. RESULTS The marker proteins of vascular smooth muscle phenotypic transformation α-smooth muscle actin decreased and embryonic smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMemb) increased significantly at 24 and 72 hours in the cerebral arteries after SAH. rOPN prevented the changes of α-smooth muscle actin and SMemb and significantly alleviated neurobehavioral dysfunction, increased the cross-sectional area and the lumen diameter of the cerebral arteries, reduced the brain water content and brain swelling, and improved the wall thickness of cerebral arteries. These effects of rOPN were abolished by GRGDSP, integrin-linked kinase small interfering RNA, and NSC23766. Intranasal application of rOPN at 3 hours after SAH also reduced neurological deficits. CONCLUSIONS rOPN prevented the vascular smooth muscle phenotypic transformation and improved the neurological outcome, which was possibly mediated by the integrin receptor/integrin-linked kinase/Rac-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Yang Zhang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Peng Yang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Budbazar Enkhjargal
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Jiping Tang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - William J Pearce
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Richard Hartman
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Andre Obenaus
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA
| | - Gang Chen
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA.
| | - John H Zhang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.W., G.C.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; and Department of Physiology (J.W., Y.Z., P.Y., B.E., A.M., J.T., W.J.P., R.H., A.O., J.H.Z.), School of Behavioral Science (R.H.), Department of Pediatrics (A.O.), and Department of Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, CA.
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Cao L, Pan D, Li D, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Xu T, Li W, Wu W. Relation between anti-atherosclerotic effects of IRAK4 and modulation of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype in diabetic rats. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:899-910. [PMID: 27158377 PMCID: PMC4846934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of phenotypic modulation in VSMCs is the initial stage of atherosclerosis, especially in diabetes. Functional deficiency of IRAK4 inhibits the formation of vascular lesions in ApoE-/- mice. Therefore, in this study, we examined the functions of IRAK4 in the regulation of VSMCs differentiation and phenotypic modulation at the levels of transcription and translation in T2D rats. The T2D rat model was generated by feeding a high-fat diet and injecting a low dose of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. VSMCs were isolated from the thoracic aortas of the T2D rats. VSMCs proliferation and migration were measured using water soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assay, 5-ethynyl-29-deoxyuridine staining and migration assay. IRAK4 was knocked down by siRNA and inhibited by an IRAK1/4 inhibitor. The mRNAs and proteins of signal molecules and phenotypic markers were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The results demonstrated that LPS significantly increased viability, cell migration rate and amount of DNA in VSMCs. The IRAK4 inhibitor also reduced LPS-mediated protein expression of myosin heavy chain and nuclear factor κB p65 subunit and increased smooth muscle 22α expression. Moreover, IRAK4 knock-down reduced the LPS-mediated expression of mRNAs for myosin heavy chain, nuclear factor κB p65 subunit, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), but increased the mRNA of smooth muscle 22α in VSMCs. The activation of IRAK4 phenotypically modulated VSMCs from differentiation to dedifferentiation. Inactivation of IRAK4 exerts a protective effect on VSMCs differentiation and inhibits inflammation. IRAK4 could therefore be a target for interventions to prevent and treat the initial phase of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Cao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical College84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Defeng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Dongye Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical College84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical College84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Tongda Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Wanling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, Peoples Republic of China
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