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Suo H, Shishir MRI, Wang Q, Wang M, Chen F, Cheng KW. Red Wine High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenolic Complex Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysregulation and Perturbation in Gut Microbiota in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6882-6893. [PMID: 37126594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Red wine polyphenolic complexes have attracted increasing attention as potential modulators of human metabolic disease risk. Our previous study discovered that red wine high-molecular-weight polymeric polyphenolic complexes (HPPCs) could inhibit key metabolic syndrome-associated enzymes and favorably modulate human gut microbiota (GM) in simulated colonic fermentation assay in vitro. In this work, the efficacy of HPPC supplementation (150 and 300 mg/kg/day, respectively) against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disturbance in mice was investigated. HPPCs effectively attenuated HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and lipid and glucose metabolic dysregulation and ameliorated inflammatory response and hepatic and colonic damage. It also improved the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, consistent with an anti-obesity phenotype. The favorable modulation of GM was further supported by improvement in the profile of fecal short-chain fatty acids. The higher dosage generally had a better performance in these effects than the low dosage. Moreover, serum metabolite profiling and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that HPPCs significantly modulated vitamin B metabolism-associated pathways and identified N-acetylneuraminic acid and 2-methylbutyroylcarnitine as potential biomarkers of the favorable effect on HFD-induced metabolic dysregulation. These findings highlight that dietary supplementation with red wine HPPCs is a promising strategy for the management of weight gain and metabolic dysregulation associated with HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Suo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Mohammad Rezaul Islam Shishir
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ka Wing Cheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr EG, Alfeky NH, Ibrahim AO. Upregulation of GLUT4 and PI3K, and downregulation of GSK3 mediate the anti-hyperglycemic effects of proanthocyanidins. MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2:14. [PMID: 36698506 PMCID: PMC9829200 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2022.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic metabolic disorder worldwide. The present study was designed to investigate the potential role of cinnamon bark extract oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) in controlling streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms underlying its effects. For this purpose, 60 male rats were equally divided into six groups as follows: The normal control group; OPC control group (non-diabetic rats treated with OPC at 300 mg/kg orally for 21 days); the untreated diabetic control group; the wortmannin control group [diabetic rats treated with wortmannin at 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.) on the final day of the experiment]; the OPC diabetic group (diabetic rats treated with OPC at 300 mg/kg orally for 21 days); and the OPC diabetic + wortmannin co-treated group (diabetic rats treated with OPC at 300 mg/kg/day for 21 consecutive days and then 24 h after the final OPC dose treated with a single wortmannin injection at 1 mg/kg, i.p.). The results indicated that OPC ameliorated the diabetic state, as evidenced by a significant decrease in serum glucose levels, and a significant increase in the levels of insulin, amylin, insulin receptor phosphorylation, glycogen and glucose transporter-4 translocation; it also improved the lipid profile in STZ-diabetic rats. On the whole, the findings of the present study provide biochemical evidence that OPC treatment is effective as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic agent by enhancing glucose uptake through the activation of insulin receptor kinase activity and the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E. El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia 31111, Egypt
| | - Eman G. Khedr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia 31111, Egypt
| | - Nehal H. Alfeky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia 31111, Egypt
| | - Amera O. Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia 31111, Egypt,Correspondence to: Dr Amera O. Ibrahim, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Geish Street, Tanta, Gharbia 31111, Egypt
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Chen Y, Wang J, Zou L, Cao H, Ni X, Xiao J. Dietary proanthocyanidins on gastrointestinal health and the interactions with gut microbiota. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6285-6308. [PMID: 35114875 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2030296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Many epidemiological and experimental studies have consistently reported the beneficial effects of dietary proanthocyanidins (PAC) on improving gastrointestinal physiological functions. This review aims to present a comprehensive perspective by focusing on structural properties, interactions and gastrointestinal protection of PAC. In brief, the main findings of this review are summarized as follows: (1) Structural features are critical factors in determining the bioavailability and subsequent pharmacology of PAC; (2) PAC and/or their bacterial metabolites can play a direct role in the gastrointestinal tract through their antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties; (3) PAC can reduce the digestion, absorption, and bioavailability of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids by interacting with them or their according enzymes and transporters in the gastrointestinal tract; (4). PAC showed a prebiotic-like effect by interacting with the microflora in the intestinal tract, and the enhancement of PAC on a variety of probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. could be associated with potential benefits to human health. In conclusion, the potential effects of PAC in prevention and alleviation of gastrointestinal diseases are remarkable but clinical evidence is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Laboratory of Food Oral Processing, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Xiaoling Ni
- Pancreatic Cancer Group, General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Cho M, Bu Y, Park JW, Rahman H, Ko SJ. Efficacy of complementary medicine for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small intestinal injuries: A narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28005. [PMID: 35049210 PMCID: PMC9191556 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small bowel injuries (NSIs) have been largely ignored for decades due to the focus on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastropathy. With the visualization of the small intestines enabled by video capsule endoscopy, the frequency and severity of NSIs have become more evident. NSIs have a complex pathophysiology, and no effective preventive or treatment options have been proven. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been used to treat disorders of the small intestine, and more research on its effectiveness for NSIs has been conducted.We reviewed the current evidence and mechanisms of action of CAMs on NSI. Clinical and experimental studies on the effect of CAMs on NSIs were performed using 10 databases.Twenty-two studies (3 clinical and 19 in vivo experimental studies) were included in the final analysis involving 10 kinds of CAMs: bovine colostrum, Orengedokuto (coptis), muscovite, licorice, grape seed, wheat, brown seaweed, Ganoderma lucidum fungus mycelia, Chaenomeles speciosa (sweet) Nakai (muguasantie), and Jinghua Weikang capsule. The mechanisms of CAM include an increase in prostaglandin E2, reparation of the enteric nervous system, inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduction of intestinal permeability and enteric bacterial numbers, decrease in oxidative stress, and modulation of small intestinal motility.CAM may be a novel alternative option for treating and preventing NSI, and further studies on human and animal models with relevant comorbidities are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Cho
- Department of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Bu
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Seok-Jae Ko
- Department of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kang S, Guo Y, Rao J, Jin H, You HJ, Ji GE. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of Helicobacter pylori by Lactobacillus plantarum pH3A, monolaurin, and grapefruit seed extract. Food Funct 2021; 12:11024-11032. [PMID: 34657941 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common cause of gastritis and gastric ulcers. Considering the severe side effects of current antibiotic therapies, it is crucial to find an alternate treatment for H. pylori infection. In this study, we investigated the anti-H. pylori effects of a newly isolated strain of Lactobacillus plantarum (pH3A), monolaurin, grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their synergies in vitro and in vivo. Monolaurin and GSE suppressed H. pylori growth and urease activity at a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 ppm. Live cells and cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of L. plantarum pH3A with or without pH adjustment also significantly inhibited H. pylori growth. Although synergy was not observed between monolaurin and GSE, the addition of CFCS significantly enhanced their anti-H. pylori activities. Moreover, L. plantarum pH3A significantly decreased the ability of H. pylori to adhere to AGS cells and interleukin (IL)-8 production in the H. pylori-stimulated AGS cell line. The addition of GSE or monolaurin strengthened these effects. In the in vivo study, H. pylori colonization of the mouse stomach and total serum IgG production were significantly reduced by L. plantarum pH3A treatment, but the addition of monolaurin or GSE did not contribute to these anti-H. pylori activities. Therefore, the L. plantarum pH3A strain can potentially be applied as an alternative anti-H. pylori therapy, but evidence of its synergy with monolaurin or GSE in vivo is still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Kang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111'' Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China. .,Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Yaqing Guo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Junhui Rao
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111'' Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Hyun Ju You
- Bio-MAX/N-BIO, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Geun Eog Ji
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. .,Research Center, BIFIDO Co., Ltd, Hongcheon 25117, Korea.
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Kazemi M, Taghavi MM, Shabanizadeh A, Taghipour Z, Kaeidi A, Shariati-Kohbanani M. Investigation of grape sap on wingless/integrated and β-catenin genes expression with histological factors on the hair follicle in rat. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 15:350-357. [PMID: 33312213 PMCID: PMC7714015 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.293513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Natural products are used to improve the damage caused by harmful reagents in various pathological situations. This study investigated the effect of grape sap as a natural product with antioxidant properties on follicle cell proliferation in bleomycin (as a chemotherapy agent with toxic effects on hair growth) treated rats skin. Experimental approach The bleomycin treated rats were administrated grape sap. Wingless/integrated (wnt) and β-catenin gene expression as follicle proliferative markers were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, histological factors and total antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Findings / Results The data showed that, grape sap increased the number of anagenic hair follicle in grape sap (100 mg/kg) group (P < 0.001), sebaceous glands (P < 0.001), blood vessel density (P < 0.001), and hair growth length (P < 0.001). Also, wnt and β-catenin gene expression was elevated. The data showed that wnt and β-catenin gene expression were elevated in grape sap treated animals versus bleomycin group (P < 0.01 and 0.001, respectively). Conclusion and implications Our finding showed that grape sap can be effective in increasing hair growth a gains bleomycin toxic effects on skin hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad-Mohsen Taghavi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ahmad Shabanizadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zahra Taghipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mahdi Shariati-Kohbanani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
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Lee JW, Kim YI, Im CN, Kim SW, Kim SJ, Min S, Joo YH, Yim SV, Chung N. Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Inhibits Mucin Synthesis and Viral Replication by Suppression of AP-1 and NF-κB via p38 MAPKs/JNK Signaling Pathways in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected A549 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4472-4483. [PMID: 28502165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells are often infected by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), one of the most common causes of asthma, bronchiolitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pneumonia. During the infection process, excessive mucins instigate airway inflammation. However, the mechanism underlying RSV-induced airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation is poorly understood. Furthermore, no reliable vaccines or drugs for antiviral therapy are available. In this study, the effect of the natural compound grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) on RSV-infected human airway epithelial cells A549 was evaluated. After pretreatment of the cells with or without exposure to RSV with 5-10 μg GSP/mL, the expression of various mucins (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC8) was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting, as well as confocal microscopy. We found that GSP significantly decreased RSV-induced mucin synthesis at the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, GSP suppressed the RSV-induced signaling pathways, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38, together with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and activating protein-1 family members (c-Jun and c-Fos). Concomitantly, GSP inhibited the replication of RSV within A549 cells. Taken together, all our results suggest that GSP could be a potent therapeutic agent to suppress excessive mucus production and viral replication in RSV-induced airway inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center , Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center , Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Nim Im
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University , Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Yong Hoon Joo
- College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Namhyun Chung
- College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Proanthocyanidins Attenuation of Chronic Lead-Induced Liver Oxidative Damage in Kunming Mice via the Nrf2/ARE Pathway. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8100656. [PMID: 27775649 PMCID: PMC5084042 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead is harmful for human health and animals. Proanthocyanidins (PCs), a natural antioxidant, possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological and medicinal properties. However, its protective effects against lead-induced liver damage have not been clarified. This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of PCs on the hepatotoxicity of male Kunming mice induced by chronic lead exposure. A total of 70 healthy male Kunming mice were averagely divided into four groups: control group, i.e., the group exposed to lead, the group treated with PCs, and the group co-treated with lead and PCs. The mice exposed to lead were given water containing 0.2% lead acetate. Mice treated in the PCs and PCs lead co-treated groups were given PC (100 mg/kg) in 0.9% saline by oral gavage. Lead exposure caused a significant elevation in the liver function parameters, lead level, lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities. The induction of oxidative stress and histological alterations in the liver were minimized by co-treatment with PCs. Meanwhile, the number of Transferase-Mediated Deoxyuridine Triphosphate-Biotin Nick End Labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells was significantly reduced in the PCs/lead co-treated group compared to the lead group. In addition, the lead group showed an increase in the expression level of Bax, while the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased. Furthermore, the lead group showed an increase in the expression level of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes and protein (GRP78 and CHOP). Co-treated with PCs significantly reversed these expressions in the liver. PCs were, therefore, demonstrated to have protective, antioxidant, and anti-ER stress and anti-apoptotic activities in liver damage caused by chronic lead exposure in the Kunming mouse. This may be due to the ability of PCs to enhance the ability of liver tissue to protect against oxidative stress via the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, resulting in decreasing ER stress and apoptosis of liver tissue.
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Wu QJ, Wang YQ, Qi YX. The protective effect of procyanidin against LPS-induced acute gut injury by the regulations of oxidative state. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1645. [PMID: 27722063 PMCID: PMC5033793 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background A 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to investigate the protective effect of procyanidin (PCA) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute gut injury by the regulations of oxidative state for a 21-days feeding trial. Methods A total of 384 1-days-old broiler chicks were assigned to 8 treatments with 8 replicate of 6 broiler chickens per pen. Broiler chickens fed diets based on 4 levels of dietary PCA (0, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 % of the requirements). Half of the birds from each treatment group were challenged with 0.9 % NaCl solution or LPS (250 μg/kg body weight, injection administered) at 16, 18 and 21 days of age. Results The results indicated that, prior to LPS challenge, there was no dietary effect on bird growth performance (P > 0.05). The injection of LPS were also not associated with any significant changes in poultry performance (P > 0.05). But LPS injection increased serum diamine oxidase (DAO) level and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05), cause adverse effects to the morphology of the small intestine (P < 0.05), decreased the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05). When LPS-challenged birds were pretreated with PCA, serum DAO concentration and MDA activity in jejunal and ileal mucosa were dramatically attenuated, and improved the morphology of the small intestine as well (P < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, PCA is able to prevent LPS-induced oxidative stress response in vivo, improved the morphology of the small intestine. The beneficial effect of PCA may depend on increasing the activity of body’s antioxidant enzymes and scavenging free radical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Jue Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003 Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xia Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003 Henan People's Republic of China
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Reddivari L, Charepalli V, Radhakrishnan S, Vadde R, Elias RJ, Lambert JD, Vanamala JKP. Grape compounds suppress colon cancer stem cells in vitro and in a rodent model of colon carcinogenesis. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:278. [PMID: 27506388 PMCID: PMC4977641 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background We have previously shown that the grape bioactive compound resveratrol (RSV) potentiates grape seed extract (GSE)-induced colon cancer cell apoptosis at physiologically relevant concentrations. However, RSV-GSE combination efficacy against colon cancer stem cells (CSCs), which play a key role in chemotherapy and radiation resistance, is not known. Methods We tested the anti-cancer efficacy of the RSV-GSE against colon CSCs using isolated human colon CSCs in vitro and an azoxymethane-induced mouse model of colon carcinogenesis in vivo. Results RSV-GSE suppressed tumor incidence similar to sulindac, without any gastrointestinal toxicity. Additionally, RSV-GSE treatment reduced the number of crypts containing cells with nuclear β-catenin (an indicator of colon CSCs) via induction of apoptosis. In vitro, RSV-GSE suppressed - proliferation, sphere formation, nuclear translocation of β-catenin (a critical regulator of CSC proliferation) similar to sulindac in isolated human colon CSCs. RSV-GSE, but not sulindac, suppressed downstream protein levels of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, c-Myc and cyclin D1. RSV-GSE also induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in colon CSCs characterized by elevated p53, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved PARP. Furthermore, shRNA-mediated knockdown of p53, a tumor suppressor gene, in colon CSCs did not alter efficacy of RSV-GSE. Conclusion The suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and elevated mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in colon CSCs support potential clinical testing/application of grape bioactives for colon cancer prevention and/or therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1254-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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11
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A novel model for NSAID induced gastroenteropathy in rats. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2016; 78:66-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Chua CS, Yang KC, Chen JH, Liu YH, Hsu YH, Lee HC, Huang SY. The efficacy of blueberry and grape seed extract combination on triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:177-83. [PMID: 26883189 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2016.1144716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a major risk factor for gastritis, gastric ulcers and gastric cancer. Traditional therapy with proton pump inhibitor and antibiotics is regarded as optimal for H. pylori eradication whereas, the eradication rate is unsatisfactory. Studies have reported that cranberry may inhibit H. pylori adhesion to the human gastric mucus but lack of other berry extracts have been evaluated in clinical study. Thus, a 9-week add-on randomised controlled trial was conducted to explore the impact of blueberry and grape seed extract (BGE) combinations traditional therapy for H. pylori eradication. In results, we found that there was no significant difference of eradication rate between the berry extract group and placebo group in the intention-to-treat analysis and in the per-protocol analysis (94.64% versus 84.62%, p = 0.085). Diarrhoea, constipation and epigastric pain were observed increasing during ingestion of the berry extract in some cases. In conclusion, this study indicated that no significant difference existed between the BGE extract group and placebo group in eradication rate under triple therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian-Sem Chua
- a School of Nutrition and Health Sciences , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan ;,b Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine , Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan ;,c Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan ;,d Department of Gastroenterology , Hospital Lam Wah Ee , Penang , Malaysia
| | - Kuo-Ching Yang
- e School of Medicine , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hao Chen
- b Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine , Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Hwa Liu
- b Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine , Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Hsu
- b Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine , Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Lee
- a School of Nutrition and Health Sciences , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Huang
- a School of Nutrition and Health Sciences , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
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Hou F, Xiao M, Li J, Cook DW, Zeng W, Zhang C, Mi Y. Ameliorative Effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Cadmium-Induced Meiosis Inhibition During Oogenesis in Chicken Embryos. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:450-60. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyin Hou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education and Department of Veterinary Medicine; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Agricultural Sciences Institute of Coastal Region of Jiangsu; Yancheng People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education and Department of Veterinary Medicine; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education and Department of Veterinary Medicine; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Devin W. Cook
- Dale Bumpers College of Agriculture; Food and Life Sciences, University of Arkansas; Fayetteville Arkansas USA
| | - Weidong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education and Department of Veterinary Medicine; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Caiqiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education and Department of Veterinary Medicine; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Mi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education and Department of Veterinary Medicine; College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
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