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Angelini P, Flores GA, Cusumano G, Venanzoni R, Pellegrino RM, Zengin G, Di Simone SC, Menghini L, Ferrante C. Bioactivity and Metabolomic Profile of Extracts Derived from Mycelial Solid Cultures of Hypsizygus marmoreus. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2552. [PMID: 37894210 PMCID: PMC10609027 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The beech mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) is a highly nutritious, edible medicinal mushroom native to East Asia. The present research investigated the impact of different substrates on the metabolite compositions of H. marmoreus mycelia cultivated in vitro. The substrates tested included malt extract agar, malt extract agar enriched with barley malt, and malt extract agar enriched with grape pomace. The study also assessed antimicrobial and antiradical activities of the extracts against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), yeasts (Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis), and dermatophytes (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. tonsurans, T. rubrum, Arthroderma quadrifidum, A. gypseum, A. curreyi, and A. insingulare). The results revealed that the H. marmoreus mycelia extracts demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested microorganisms. Extracts obtained from the cultivation in substrates enriched with either barley malt or grape pomace exhibited the highest antibacterial activity among all the tested bacterial strains except for P. aeruginosa. The same extracts showed the highest inhibitory effect against C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. Noteworthy, the extract from the mushroom cultivated in the substrate enriched with grape pomace also exhibited remarkable efficacy against T. mentagrophytes and T. tonsurans. Terpenoid and carbapenem compounds could be related to the antimicrobial properties of the extracts from mushrooms cultivated in substrates enriched with grape pomace. In comparison, the higher antiradical properties could be related to the content of indole compounds. In conclusion, growth substrate selection affects the nutritional and medicinal properties of H. marmoreus, making it a valuable contribution to the understanding of the cultivation of this mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Angelini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (G.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Angeles Flores
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (G.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Gaia Cusumano
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (G.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Roberto Venanzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (G.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Roberto Maria Pellegrino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (G.A.F.); (G.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Simonetta Cristina Di Simone
- Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Department of Pharmacy, “Gabriele d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.D.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Department of Pharmacy, “Gabriele d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.D.S.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Department of Pharmacy, “Gabriele d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.D.S.); (C.F.)
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An Updated Review of Bioactive Peptides from Mushrooms in a Well-Defined Molecular Weight Range. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14020084. [PMID: 35202112 PMCID: PMC8874884 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the current status of the bioactive peptides isolated and characterized from mushrooms during the last 20 years, considering ‘peptide’ a succession from to 2 to 100 amino acid residues. According to this accepted biochemical definition, we adopt ~10 kDa as the upper limit of molecular weight for a peptide. In light of this, a careful revision of data reported in the literature was carried out. The search revealed that in the works describing the characterization of bioactive peptides from mushrooms, not all the peptides have been correctly classified according to their molecular weight, considering that some fungal proteins (>10 kDa MW) have been improperly classified as ‘peptides’. Moreover, the biological action of each of these peptides, the principles of their isolation as well as the source/mushroom species were summarized. Finally, this review highlighted that these peptides possess antihypertensive, antifungal, antibiotic and antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant and ACE inhibitory properties.
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Wang G, Chen L, Tang W, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Wang H, Zhou X, Wu H, Guo L, Dou M, Liu L, Wang B, Lin J, Xie B, Wang Z, Liu Z, Ming R, Zhang J. Identifying a melanogenesis-related candidate gene by a high-quality genome assembly and population diversity analysis in Hypsizygus marmoreus. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:75-87. [PMID: 33744162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypsizygus marmoreus is one of the most important edible fungi in Basidiomycete division and includes white and gray strains. However, very limited knowledge is known about the genomic structures and the genetic basis for the white/gray diversity of this mushroom. Here, we report the near-complete high-quality H. marmoreus genome at the chromosomal level. Comparative genomics analysis indicates that chromosome structures were relatively conserved, and variations in collinearity and chromosome number were mainly attributed by chromosome split/fusion events in Aragicales, whereas the fungi genome experienced many genomic chromosome fracture, fusion, and genomic replication events after the split of Aragicales from Basidiomycetes. Resequencing of 57 strains allows us to classify the population into four major groups and associate genetic variations with morphological features, indicating that white strains were not originated independently. We further generated genetic populations and identified a cytochrome P450 as the candidate causal gene for the melanogenesis in H. marmoreus based on bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and comparative transcriptome analysis. The high-quality H. marmoreus genome and diversity data compiled in this study provide new knowledge and resources for the molecular breeding of H. marmoreus as well as the evolution of Basidiomycete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; School of Geographical Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Lianfu Chen
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Weiqi Tang
- Institute of Oceanography, Marine Biotechnology Center, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haofeng Wu
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meijie Dou
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baiyu Wang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingxian Lin
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baogui Xie
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - ZhongJian Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ray Ming
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jisen Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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