1
|
Hobson BA, Rowland DJ, Dou Y, Saito N, Harmany ZT, Bruun DA, Harvey DJ, Chaudhari AJ, Garbow JR, Lein PJ. A longitudinal MRI and TSPO PET-based investigation of brain region-specific neuroprotection by diazepam versus midazolam following organophosphate-induced seizures. Neuropharmacology 2024; 251:109918. [PMID: 38527652 PMCID: PMC11250911 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Acute poisoning with organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitors (OPs), such as OP nerve agents and pesticides, can cause life threatening cholinergic crisis and status epilepticus (SE). Survivors often experience significant morbidity, including brain injury, acquired epilepsy, and cognitive deficits. Current medical countermeasures for acute OP poisoning include a benzodiazepine to mitigate seizures. Diazepam was long the benzodiazepine included in autoinjectors used to treat OP-induced seizures, but it is now being replaced in many guidelines by midazolam, which terminates seizures more quickly, particularly when administered intramuscularly. While a direct correlation between seizure duration and the extent of brain injury has been widely reported, there are limited data comparing the neuroprotective efficacy of diazepam versus midazolam following acute OP intoxication. To address this data gap, we used non-invasive imaging techniques to longitudinally quantify neuropathology in a rat model of acute intoxication with the OP diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) with and without post-exposure intervention with diazepam or midazolam. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor neuropathology and brain atrophy, while positron emission tomography (PET) with a radiotracer targeting translocator protein (TSPO) was utilized to assess neuroinflammation. Animals were scanned at 3, 7, 28, 65, 91, and 168 days post-DFP and imaging metrics were quantitated for the hippocampus, amygdala, piriform cortex, thalamus, cerebral cortex and lateral ventricles. In the DFP-intoxicated rat, neuroinflammation persisted for the duration of the study coincident with progressive atrophy and ongoing tissue remodeling. Benzodiazepines attenuated neuropathology in a region-dependent manner, but neither benzodiazepine was effective in attenuating long-term neuroinflammation as detected by TSPO PET. Diffusion MRI and TSPO PET metrics were highly correlated with seizure severity, and early MRI and PET metrics were positively correlated with long-term brain atrophy. Collectively, these results suggest that anti-seizure therapy alone is insufficient to prevent long-lasting neuroinflammation and tissue remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brad A Hobson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, College of Engineering, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Douglas J Rowland
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, College of Engineering, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Yimeng Dou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Naomi Saito
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, California 95616, USA.
| | - Zachary T Harmany
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, College of Engineering, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Donald A Bruun
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Danielle J Harvey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, California 95616, USA.
| | - Abhijit J Chaudhari
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, College of Engineering, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, California 95817, USA.
| | - Joel R Garbow
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cabrera-Álvarez J, Doorn N, Maestú F, Susi G. Modeling the role of the thalamus in resting-state functional connectivity: Nature or structure. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011007. [PMID: 37535694 PMCID: PMC10426958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The thalamus is a central brain structure that serves as a relay station for sensory inputs from the periphery to the cortex and regulates cortical arousal. Traditionally, it has been regarded as a passive relay that transmits information between brain regions. However, recent studies have suggested that the thalamus may also play a role in shaping functional connectivity (FC) in a task-based context. Based on this idea, we hypothesized that due to its centrality in the network and its involvement in cortical activation, the thalamus may also contribute to resting-state FC, a key neurological biomarker widely used to characterize brain function in health and disease. To investigate this hypothesis, we constructed ten in-silico brain network models based on neuroimaging data (MEG, MRI, and dwMRI), and simulated them including and excluding the thalamus, and raising the noise into thalamus to represent the afferences related to the reticular activating system (RAS) and the relay of peripheral sensory inputs. We simulated brain activity and compared the resulting FC to their empirical MEG counterparts to evaluate model's performance. Results showed that a parceled version of the thalamus with higher noise, able to drive damped cortical oscillators, enhanced the match to empirical FC. However, with an already active self-oscillatory cortex, no impact on the dynamics was observed when introducing the thalamus. We also demonstrated that the enhanced performance was not related to the structural connectivity of the thalamus, but to its higher noisy inputs. Additionally, we highlighted the relevance of a balanced signal-to-noise ratio in thalamus to allow it to propagate its own dynamics. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the role of the thalamus in shaping brain dynamics and FC in resting-state and allowed us to discuss the general role of criticality in the brain at the mesoscale level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Cabrera-Álvarez
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nina Doorn
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gianluca Susi
- Centre for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Structure of Matter, Thermal Physics and Electronics, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phillips RK, Aghagoli G, Blum AS, Asaad WF. Bilateral thalamic responsive neurostimulation for multifocal, bilateral frontotemporal epilepsy: illustrative case. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY: CASE LESSONS 2022; 3:CASE21672. [PMID: 36273865 PMCID: PMC9379679 DOI: 10.3171/case21672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Patients with refractory, bilateral, multifocal epilepsy have few treatment options that typically include a combination of antiseizure medications (ASMs) and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). A man in his 40s presented with epilepsy refractory to a combination of five ASMs plus VNS; he was still experiencing 7–10 seizures per week. His seizure network involved multiple foci in both frontal and temporal lobes. Bilateral depth electrodes were implanted into the centromedian/parafascicular (CM/PF) complex of the thalamus and connected to the responsive neurostimulation (RNS) system for closed-loop stimulation and neurophysiological monitoring.
OBSERVATIONS
The patient reported clear improvement in his seizures since the procedure, with a markedly reduced number of seizures and decreased seizure intensity. He also reported stretches of seizure freedom not typical of his preoperative baseline, and his remaining seizures were milder, more often with preserved awareness. Generalized seizures with loss of consciousness have decreased to about one per month. RNS data confirmed a right-sided predominance of the bilateral seizure onsets.
LESSONS
In this patient with multifocal, bilateral frontotemporal epilepsy, RNS of the CM/PF thalamic complex combined with VNS was found to be beneficial. The RNS device was able to detect seizures propagating through the thalamus, and stimulation produced a decrease in seizure burden and intensity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew S. Blum
- Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Niemeyer JE, Gadamsetty P, Chun C, Sylvester S, Lucas JP, Ma H, Schwartz TH, Aksay ERF. Seizures initiate in zones of relative hyperexcitation in a zebrafish epilepsy model. Brain 2022; 145:2347-2360. [PMID: 35196385 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures are thought to arise from an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal activity. While most classical studies suggest excessive excitatory neural activity plays a generative role, some recent findings challenge this view and instead argue that excessive activity in inhibitory neurons initiates seizures. We investigated this question of imbalance in a zebrafish seizure model with two-photon imaging of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal activity throughout the brain using a nuclear-localized calcium sensor. We found that seizures consistently initiated in circumscribed zones of the midbrain before propagating to other brain regions. Excitatory neurons were both more prevalent and more likely to be recruited than inhibitory neurons in initiation as compared with propagation zones. These findings support a mechanistic picture whereby seizures initiate in a region of hyper-excitation, then propagate more broadly once inhibitory restraint in the surround is overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James E Niemeyer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Poornima Gadamsetty
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chanwoo Chun
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sherika Sylvester
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jacob P Lucas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hongtao Ma
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Theodore H Schwartz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emre R F Aksay
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bencurova P, Laakso H, Salo RA, Paasonen E, Manninen E, Paasonen J, Michaeli S, Mangia S, Bares M, Brazdil M, Kubova H, Gröhn O. Infantile status epilepticus disrupts myelin development. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 162:105566. [PMID: 34838665 PMCID: PMC8845085 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent type of epilepsy in adults; it often starts in infancy or early childhood. Although TLE is primarily considered to be a grey matter pathology, a growing body of evidence links this disease with white matter abnormalities. In this study, we explore the impact of TLE onset and progression in the immature brain on white matter integrity and development utilising the rat model of Li-pilocarpine-induced TLE at the 12th postnatal day (P). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Black-Gold II histology uncovered disruptions in major white matter tracks (corpus callosum, internal and external capsules, and deep cerebral white matter) spreading through the whole brain at P28. These abnormalities were mostly not present any longer at three months after TLE induction, with only limited abnormalities detectable in the external capsule and deep cerebral white matter. Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the rotating frame of rank 4 indicated that white matter changes observed at both timepoints, P28 and P72, are consistent with decreased myelin content. The animals affected by TLE-induced white matter abnormalities exhibited increased functional connectivity between the thalamus and medial prefrontal and somatosensory cortex in adulthood. Furthermore, histological analyses of additional animal groups at P15 and P18 showed only mild changes in white matter integrity, suggesting a gradual age-dependent impact of TLE progression. Taken together, TLE progression in the immature brain distorts white matter development with a peak around postnatal day 28, followed by substantial recovery in adulthood. This developmental delay might give rise to cognitive and behavioural comorbidities typical for early-onset TLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bencurova
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Hanne Laakso
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raimo A Salo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Paasonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eppu Manninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Paasonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Shalom Michaeli
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Silvia Mangia
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Martin Bares
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Milan Brazdil
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kubova
- Academy of Sciences Czech Republic, Institute of Physiology, Department of Developmental Epileptology, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Olli Gröhn
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu D, Febbo IG, Maroteaux MJ, Wang H, Song Y, Han X, Sun C, Meyer EE, Rowe S, Chen Y, Canavier CC, Schrader LA. The Transcription Factor Shox2 Shapes Neuron Firing Properties and Suppresses Seizures by Regulation of Key Ion Channels in Thalamocortical Neurons. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:3194-3212. [PMID: 33675359 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thalamocortical neurons (TCNs) play a critical role in the maintenance of thalamocortical oscillations, dysregulation of which can result in certain types of seizures. Precise control over firing rates of TCNs is foundational to these oscillations, yet the transcriptional mechanisms that constrain these firing rates remain elusive. We hypothesized that Shox2 is a transcriptional regulator of ion channels important for TCN function and that loss of Shox2 alters firing frequency and activity, ultimately perturbing thalamocortical oscillations into an epilepsy-prone state. In this study, we used RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR of control and Shox2 knockout mice to determine Shox2-affected genes and revealed a network of ion channel genes important for neuronal firing properties. Protein regulation was confirmed by Western blotting, and electrophysiological recordings showed that Shox2 KO impacted the firing properties of a subpopulation of TCNs. Computational modeling showed that disruption of these conductances in a manner similar to Shox2's effects modulated frequency of oscillations and could convert sleep spindles to near spike and wave activity, which are a hallmark for absence epilepsy. Finally, Shox2 KO mice were more susceptible to pilocarpine-induced seizures. Overall, these results reveal Shox2 as a transcription factor important for TCN function in adult mouse thalamus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diankun Yu
- Neuroscience Program, Brain Institute, Tulane University, USA
| | | | | | - Hanyun Wang
- Neuroscience Program, Brain Institute, Tulane University, USA
| | - Yingnan Song
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Xiao Han
- Neuroscience Program, Brain Institute, Tulane University, USA
| | - Cheng Sun
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Emily E Meyer
- Neuroscience Program, Brain Institute, Tulane University, USA
| | - Stuart Rowe
- Neuroscience Program, Brain Institute, Tulane University, USA
| | - Yiping Chen
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Carmen C Canavier
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Laura A Schrader
- Neuroscience Program, Brain Institute, Tulane University, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roggenhofer E, Muller S, Santarnecchi E, Melie-Garcia L, Wiest R, Kherif F, Draganski B. Remodeling of brain morphology in temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01825. [PMID: 32945137 PMCID: PMC7667340 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most widespread neurological network disorders. Computational anatomy MRI studies demonstrate a robust pattern of cortical volume loss. Most statistical analyses provide information about localization of significant focal differences in a segregationist way. Multivariate Bayesian modeling provides a framework allowing inferences about inter-regional dependencies. We adopt this approach to answer following questions: Which structures within a pattern of dynamic epilepsy-associated brain anatomy reorganization best predict TLE pathology. Do these structures differ between TLE subtypes? METHODS We acquire clinical and MRI data from TLE patients with and without hippocampus sclerosis (n = 128) additional to healthy volunteers (n = 120). MRI data were analyzed in the computational anatomy framework of SPM12 using classical mass-univariate analysis followed by multivariate Bayesian modeling. RESULTS After obtaining TLE-associated brain anatomy pattern, we estimate predictive power for disease and TLE subtypes using Bayesian model selection and comparison. We show that ipsilateral para-/hippocampal regions contribute most to disease-related differences between TLE and healthy controls independent of TLE laterality and subtype. Prefrontal cortical changes are more discriminative for left-sided TLE, whereas thalamus and temporal pole for right-sided TLE. The presence of hippocampus sclerosis was linked to stronger involvement of thalamus and temporal lobe regions; frontoparietal involvement was predominant in absence of sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Our topology inferences on brain anatomy demonstrate a differential contribution of structures within limbic and extralimbic circuits linked to main effects of TLE and hippocampal sclerosis. We interpret our results as evidence for TLE-related spatial modulation of anatomical networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Roggenhofer
- Neurology Department, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUG, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, LREN, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Muller
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, LREN, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Cognitive Neurology Department, Beth Israel Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Lester Melie-Garcia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, LREN, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Applied Signal Processing Group, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ferath Kherif
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, LREN, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bogdan Draganski
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, LREN, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang K, Li Y, Gong H, Liang P, Zhang P. The role of the substantia nigra pars reticulata anterior in amygdala-kindled seizures. Brain Res 2019; 1715:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Spectral entropy indicates electrophysiological and hemodynamic changes in drug-resistant epilepsy - A multimodal MREG study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 22:101763. [PMID: 30927607 PMCID: PMC6444290 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Epilepsy causes measurable irregularity over a range of brain signal frequencies, as well as autonomic nervous system functions that modulate heart and respiratory rate variability. Imaging dynamic neuronal signals utilizing simultaneously acquired ultra-fast 10 Hz magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG), direct current electroencephalography (DC-EEG), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can provide a more comprehensive picture of human brain function. Spectral entropy (SE) is a nonlinear method to summarize signal power irregularity over measured frequencies. SE was used as a joint measure to study whether spectral signal irregularity over a range of brain signal frequencies based on synchronous multimodal brain signals could provide new insights in the neural underpinnings of epileptiform activity. Methods Ten patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and ten healthy controls (HC) were scanned with 10 Hz MREG sequence in combination with EEG, NIRS (measuring oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total hemoglobin: HbO, Hb, and HbT, respectively), and cardiorespiratory signals. After pre-processing, voxelwise SEMREG was estimated from MREG data. Different neurophysiological and physiological subfrequency band signals were further estimated from MREG, DC-EEG, and NIRS: fullband (0–5 Hz, FB), near FB (0.08–5 Hz, NFB), brain pulsations in very-low (0.009–0.08 Hz, VLFP), respiratory (0.12–0.4 Hz, RFP), and cardiac (0.7–1.6 Hz, CFP) frequency bands. Global dynamic fluctuations in MREG and NIRS were analyzed in windows of 2 min with 50% overlap. Results Right thalamus, cingulate gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and frontal pole showed significantly higher SEMREG in DRE patients compared to HC. In DRE patients, SE of cortical Hb was significantly reduced in FB (p = .045), NFB (p = .017), and CFP (p = .038), while both HbO and HbT were significantly reduced in RFP (p = .038, p = .045, respectively). Dynamic SE of HbT was reduced in DRE patients in RFP during minutes 2 to 6. Fitting to the frontal MREG and NIRS results, DRE patients showed a significant increase in SEEEG in FB in fronto-central and parieto-occipital regions, in VLFP in parieto-central region, accompanied with a significant decrease in RFP in frontal pole and parietal and occipital (O2, Oz) regions. Conclusion This is the first study to show altered spectral entropy from synchronous MREG, EEG, and NIRS in DRE patients. Higher SEMREG in DRE patients in anterior cingulate gyrus together with SEEEG and SENIRS results in 0.12–0.4 Hz can be linked to altered parasympathetic function and respiratory pulsations in the brain. Higher SEMREG in thalamus in DRE patients is connected to disturbances in anatomical and functional connections in epilepsy. Findings suggest that spectral irregularity of both electrophysiological and hemodynamic signals are altered in specific way depending on the physiological frequency range. Simultaneous imaging methods indicate spectral irregularity in neurovascular and electrophysiological brain pulsations in DRE. Altered spectral entropy in EEG, NIRS and BOLD indicate dysfunctional brain pulsations in respiratory frequency in epilepsy. Spectral irregularity (0-5 Hz) of BOLD in right thalamus supports previous structural and functional findings in epilepsy.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang XX, Li YH, Gong HQ, Liang PJ, Zhang PM, Lu QC. The Subiculum: A Potential Site of Ictogenesis in a Neonatal Seizure Model. Front Neurol 2017; 8:147. [PMID: 28473802 PMCID: PMC5397469 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported that the subiculum is one origin of interictal-like discharges in adult patients with temporal lobe epilepsy; however, whether the subiculum represents a site of ictogenesis for neonatal seizures remains unclear. In this study, multi-electrode recording techniques were used to record epileptiform discharges induced by low-Mg2+ or high-K+ artificial cerebrospinal fluid in neonatal mouse hippocampal slices, and the spatiotemporal dynamics of the epileptiform discharges were analyzed. The Na+–K+–2Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) blocker, bumetanide, was applied to test its effect upon epileptiform discharges in low-Mg2+ model. The effect of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) antagonist, d-AP5, upon the epileptiform discharges in high-K+ model was examined. We found that the neonatal subiculum not only relayed epileptiform discharges emanating from the hippocampus proper (HP) but also initiated epileptiform discharges (interictal- and ictal-like discharges) independently. The latency to onset of the first epileptiform discharge initiated in the subiculum was similar to that initiated in the HP. Bumetanide efficiently blocked seizures in the neonatal HP, but was less effectively in suppressing seizures initiated in the subiculum. In high-K+ model, d-AP5 was more effective in blocking seizures initiated in the subiculum than that initiated in the HP. Furthermore, Western blotting analysis showed that NKCC1 expression was lower in the subiculum than that in the HP, whereas the expression of NMDAR subunits, NR2A and NR2B, was higher in the subiculum than that in the HP. Our results revealed that the subiculum was a potential site of ictogenesis in neonatal seizures and possessed similar seizure susceptibility to the HP. GABAergic excitation resulting from NKCC1 may play a less dominant role during ictogenesis in the subiculum than that in the HP. The subicular ictogenesis may be related to the glutamatergic excitation mediated by NMDARs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Hua Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Qing Gong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Ji Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pu-Ming Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Chi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fernández-Cabrera MR, Selvas A, Miguéns M, Higuera-Matas A, Vale-Martínez A, Ambrosio E, Martí-Nicolovius M, Guillazo-Blanch G. Parafascicular thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation decreases NMDA receptor GluN1 subunit gene expression in the prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 2017; 348:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
12
|
Interaction between Thalamus and Hippocampus in Termination of Amygdala-Kindled Seizures in Mice. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2016; 2016:9580724. [PMID: 27829869 PMCID: PMC5086540 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9580724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The thalamus and hippocampus have been found both involved in the initiation, propagation, and termination of temporal lobe epilepsy. However, the interaction of these regions during seizures is not clear. The present study is to explore whether some regular patterns exist in their interaction during the termination of seizures. Multichannel in vivo recording techniques were used to record the neural activities from the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) of hippocampus and mediodorsal thalamus (MDT) in mice. The mice were kindled by electrically stimulating basolateral amygdala neurons, and Racine's rank standard was employed to classify the stage of behavioral responses (stage 1~5). The coupling index and directionality index were used to investigate the synchronization and information flow direction between CA1 and MDT. Two main results were found in this study. (1) High levels of synchronization between the thalamus and hippocampus were observed before the termination of seizures at stage 4~5 but after the termination of seizures at stage 1~2. (2) In the end of seizures at stage 4~5, the information tended to flow from MDT to CA1. Those results indicate that the synchronization and information flow direction between the thalamus and the hippocampus may participate in the termination of seizures.
Collapse
|
13
|
Halnes G, Mäki-Marttunen T, Keller D, Pettersen KH, Andreassen OA, Einevoll GT. Effect of Ionic Diffusion on Extracellular Potentials in Neural Tissue. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1005193. [PMID: 27820827 PMCID: PMC5098741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recorded potentials in the extracellular space (ECS) of the brain is a standard measure of population activity in neural tissue. Computational models that simulate the relationship between the ECS potential and its underlying neurophysiological processes are commonly used in the interpretation of such measurements. Standard methods, such as volume-conductor theory and current-source density theory, assume that diffusion has a negligible effect on the ECS potential, at least in the range of frequencies picked up by most recording systems. This assumption remains to be verified. We here present a hybrid simulation framework that accounts for diffusive effects on the ECS potential. The framework uses (1) the NEURON simulator to compute the activity and ionic output currents from multicompartmental neuron models, and (2) the electrodiffusive Kirchhoff-Nernst-Planck framework to simulate the resulting dynamics of the potential and ion concentrations in the ECS, accounting for the effect of electrical migration as well as diffusion. Using this framework, we explore the effect that ECS diffusion has on the electrical potential surrounding a small population of 10 pyramidal neurons. The neural model was tuned so that simulations over ∼100 seconds of biological time led to shifts in ECS concentrations by a few millimolars, similar to what has been seen in experiments. By comparing simulations where ECS diffusion was absent with simulations where ECS diffusion was included, we made the following key findings: (i) ECS diffusion shifted the local potential by up to ∼0.2 mV. (ii) The power spectral density (PSD) of the diffusion-evoked potential shifts followed a 1/f2 power law. (iii) Diffusion effects dominated the PSD of the ECS potential for frequencies up to several hertz. In scenarios with large, but physiologically realistic ECS concentration gradients, diffusion was thus found to affect the ECS potential well within the frequency range picked up in experimental recordings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Halnes
- Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Tuomo Mäki-Marttunen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Keller
- Blue Brain Project, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Klas H. Pettersen
- Letten Centre and GliaLab, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gaute T. Einevoll
- Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Feng MH, He ZG, Liu BW, Li ZX, Wu DZ, Liu SG, Xiang HB. Parafascicular nucleus circuits: Implications for the alteration of gastrointestinal functions during epileptogenesis. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 64:295-298. [PMID: 27773642 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hui Feng
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Peritoneal Cancer Clinical Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Gang He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Bao-Wen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xiao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Duo-Zhi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan 570311, PR China.
| | - San-Guang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Hong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li JJ, Li YH, Gong HQ, Liang PJ, Zhang PM, Lu QC. The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Phase Synchronization during Epileptogenesis in Amygdala-Kindling Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153897. [PMID: 27100891 PMCID: PMC4839716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synchronization among the activities of neural populations in functional regions is one of the most important electrophysiological phenomena in epileptic brains. The spatiotemporal dynamics of phase synchronization was investigated to reveal the reciprocal interaction between different functional regions during epileptogenesis. Local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded simultaneously from the basolateral amygdala (BLA), the cornu ammonis 1 of hippocampus (CA1) and the mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus (MDT) in the mouse amygdala-kindling models during the development of epileptic seizures. The synchronization of LFPs was quantified between BLA, CA1 and MDT using phase-locking value (PLV). During amygdala kindling, behavioral changes (from stage 0 to stage 5) of mice were accompanied by after-discharges (ADs) of similar waveforms appearing almost simultaneously in CA1, MDT, as well as BLA. AD durations were positively related to the intensity of seizures. During seizures at stages 1~2, PLVs remained relatively low and increased dramatically shortly after the termination of the seizures; by contrast, for stages 3~5, PLVs remained a relatively low level during the initial period but increased dramatically before the seizure termination. And in the theta band, the degree of PLV enhancement was positively associated with seizure intensity. The results suggested that during epileptogenesis, the functional regions were kept desynchronized rather than hyper-synchronized during either the initial or the entire period of the seizures; so different dynamic patterns of phase synchronization may be involved in different periods of the epileptogenesis, and this might also reflect that during seizures at different stages, the mechanisms underlying the dynamics of phase synchronization were different.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yong-Hua Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hai-Qing Gong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pei-Ji Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pu-Ming Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- * E-mail: (Q-CL); (P-MZ)
| | - Qin-Chi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
- * E-mail: (Q-CL); (P-MZ)
| |
Collapse
|