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Adico MDW, Bayala B, Zoure AA, Lagarde A, Bazie JTV, Traore L, Buñay J, Yonli AT, Djigma F, Bambara HA, Baron S, Simporé J, Lobaccaro JMA. In vitro activities and mechanisms of action of anti-cancer molecules from African medicinal plants: a systematic review. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1376-1401. [PMID: 38590420 PMCID: PMC10998760 DOI: 10.62347/auhb5811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, African countries have been faced with a rapid increase in morbidity and mortality due to this pathology. Management is often complicated by the high treatment costs, side effects and the increasing occurrence of resistance to treatments. The identification of new active ingredients extracted from endemic medicinal plants is definitively an interesting approach for the implementation of new therapeutic strategies: their extraction is often lower cost; their identification is based on an ethnobotanical history and a tradipratic approach; their use by low-income populations is simpler; this can help in the development of new synthetic molecules that are more active, more effective and with fewer side effects. The objective of this review is to document the molecules derived from African medicinal plants whose in vitro anti-cancer activities and the mechanisms of molecular actions have been identified. From the scientific databases Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar, we searched for publications on compounds isolated from African medicinal plants and having activity on cancer cells in culture. The data were analyzed in particular with regard to the cytotoxicity of the compounds and their mode of action. A total of 90 compounds of these African medicinal plants were selected. They come from nine chemical groups: alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, quinones, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, xanthones and organic sulfides. These compounds have been associated with several cellular effects: i) Cytotoxicity, including caspase activation, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, and/or induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS); ii) Anti-angiogenesis; iii) Anti-metastatic properties. This review points out that the cited African plants are rich in active ingredients with anticancer properties. It also stresses that screening of these anti-tumor active ingredients should be continued at the continental scale. Altogether, this work provides a rational basis for the selection of phytochemical compounds for use in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc DW Adico
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Bagora Bayala
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Ecole Normale SupérieureKoudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdou A Zoure
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Laboratoire de recherches Biomédicales (LaReBio), Département de santé publique et biomédicale, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS/CNRST)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Aurélie Lagarde
- Institute Génétique, Reproduction, Développement, UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean TV Bazie
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Département des Substances Naturelles (DSN), Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies Appliquées (IRSAT)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Lassina Traore
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Julio Buñay
- Institute Génétique, Reproduction, Développement, UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Albert T Yonli
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Djigma
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Hierrhum A Bambara
- Service d’oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire BOGODOGO, Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Silvère Baron
- Institute Génétique, Reproduction, Développement, UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jacques Simporé
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Génétique (LABIOGENE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBOOuagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Faculté de médecine, Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Jean-Marc A Lobaccaro
- Institute Génétique, Reproduction, Développement, UMR CNRS 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, F63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Cuyler M, Twilley D, Thipe VC, Mandiwana V, Kalombo ML, Ray SS, Rikhotso-Mbungela RS, Janse van Vuuren A, Coetsee W, Katti KV, Lall N. Antihistamine and Wound Healing Potential of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Bulbine frutescens (L.) Willd. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2024; 17:59-76. [PMID: 38504832 PMCID: PMC10949377 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s445116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is an inflammatory skin condition with synthetic treatments that induce adverse effects and are ineffective. One of the proposed causes for the development of the condition is the outside-in hypothesis, which states that eczema is caused by a disruption in the skin barrier. These disruptions include developing dry cracked skin, which promotes the production of histamine. Bulbine frutescens (BF) is traditionally used to treat wounds and eczema; however, limited research has been conducted to scientifically validate this. Furthermore, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been used to repair damaged skin; however, no research has been conducted on AuNPs synthesized using BF. Purpose The study aimed to determine whether BF alleviated skin damage through wound healing, reducing the production of histamine and investigate whether AuNPs synthesized using BF would enhance biological activity. Methods Four extracts and four synthesized AuNPs were prepared using BF and their antiproliferative and wound healing properties against human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) were evaluated. Thereafter, the selected samples antiproliferative activity and antihistamine activity against phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated granulocytes were evaluated. Results Of the eight samples, the freeze-dried leaf juice (BFE; p < 0.01) extract and its AuNPs (BFEAuNPs; p < 0.05) displayed significant wound closure at 100 µg/mL and were further evaluated. The selected samples displayed a fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) of >200 µg/mL against PMA stimulated granulocytes. Compared to the untreated (media with PMA) control (0.30 ± 0.02 ng/mL), BFEAuNPs significantly inhibited histamine production at a concentration of 100 (p < 0.01) and 50 µg/mL (p < 0.001). Conclusion BFE and BFEAuNPs stimulated wound closure, while BFEAuNPs significantly inhibited histamine production. Further investigation into BFEAuNPs in vivo wound healing activity and whether it can target histamine-associated receptors on mast cells as a potential mechanism of action should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marizé Cuyler
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, 0002, South Africa
| | - Danielle Twilley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, 0002, South Africa
| | - Velaphi C Thipe
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Vusani Mandiwana
- Chemical Cluster Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Michel L Kalombo
- Chemical Cluster Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Suprakas S Ray
- DST/CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | | | - Arno Janse van Vuuren
- Centre for High Transmission Electron Microscopy, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa
| | - Will Coetsee
- Botanica Natural Products Pty (Ltd), Canterbury Farm MR 254, Alldays, Limpopo, 0909, South Africa
| | - Kattesh V Katti
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, 0002, South Africa
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
- Bio-Tech Research and Development Institute, University of the West Indies 770, Kingston, Jamaica
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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Bodede O, Prinsloo G. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological significance of the genus Bulbine (Asphodelaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112986. [PMID: 32492493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Bulbine (Asphodelaceae) is spread across Southern Africa and Australia and has been traditionally used for various medicinal applications such as treating skin diseases, burns, diarrhoea, and sexually transmitted diseases. AIM OF THIS REVIEW The aim is to present a critical review of the ethnomedicinally important species of the genus Bulbine with a comprehensive overview of their chemical constituents and biological activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS This paper is an overview of literature published on the genus Bulbine in the last six decades with regards to phytochemical composition and their respective pharmacological potentials with the aid of data obtained from the search engine Google Scholar with string searches performed using keywords to obtain relevant publications from scientific databases including ACS Journals, PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO, Sci Finder, Springer, Tailor & Francis, The Plant List Database, Web of Science and Wiley. RESULTS The literature survey reveals that only 12 species in the genus Bulbine have been reported to be used traditionally with scientific records of ethnomedicinal usage Anthraquinones appeared as the most abundant phytochemicals in the genus. Other isolated/detected metabolites include isofuranonaphthoquinones, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. Promising pharmacological activities have been reported by members of the genus with antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activity, potent wound healing properties as well as improved reproduction. CONCLUSIONS This review showed the traditional uses of this genus and its preventative and curative properties in the management of the listed diseases providing support from bioassays of the tested compounds and extracts. State-of-the-art analytical techniques are required for the characterisation and quantification of the compounds within the genus. The efficacy of the therapeutic potential of the Bulbine species need to be further confirmed with pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Bodede
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Florida, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Gerhard Prinsloo
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Florida, 1710, South Africa.
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Kushwaha PP, Vardhan PS, Kapewangolo P, Shuaib M, Prajapati SK, Singh AK, Kumar S. Bulbine frutescens phytochemical inhibits notch signaling pathway and induces apoptosis in triple negative and luminal breast cancer cells. Life Sci 2019; 234:116783. [PMID: 31442552 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most commonly diagnosed lethal cancer in women worldwide. Notch signaling pathway is directly linked to BCa recurrence and aggressiveness. Natural remedies are becoming a prime choice to overcome against cancer due to lesser side effect and cost-effectiveness. Bulbine frutescens (Asphodelaceae), a traditional medicinal plant in South Africa possess bioactive flavonoids and terpenoids. Polar (methanol) and non-polar (hexane) B. frutescens plant extracts were prepared. GC-MS analysis revealed the differential presence of secondary metabolites in both methanolic and hexane extracts. We hereby first time evaluated the anticancer potential of B. frutescens methanolic and hexane extract in triple-negative and luminal BCa cells. B. frutescens extracts significantly decreased cell viability (IC50 4.8-28.4 μg/ml) and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells as confirmed by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry technique. RT-PCR analysis of cell cycle (cyclin D1, CDK4, and p21) and apoptosis modulating genes (caspase 3, Bcl2 and survivin) revealed upexpression of p21, and caspase 3, and down expression of cyclin D1, CDK4, Bcl2 and survivin genes in extract-treated BCa cells. Fluorescence spectrophotometry and confocal microscopy showed B. frutescens induced nuclear morphology and mitochondrial integrity disruption, and increased reactive oxygen species production in MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells. Flow cytometric apoptosis analysis of B. frutescens extracts treated MDA-MB-231 cells showed ≈13% increase in early apoptotic population in comparison to non-treated cells. Dual-Luciferase Reporter assay confirmed notch promoter inhibitory activity of B. frutescens extracts. Moreover, RTPCR analysis showed down regulation of notch responsive genes (Hes1 and Hey1) at transcription levels in extract-treated BCa cells. Western Blot analysis showed increased procaspase 3 protein expression in extract-treated BCa cells. In all the assays methanolic extract showed better anti-cancer properties. Literature-based identification of methanol soluble phytochemicals in B. frutescens and in silico docking study revealed Bulbineloneside D as a potent ϒ-secretase enzyme inhibitor. In comparison to standard notch inhibitor, lead phytochemical showed two additional hydrophobic interactions with Ala80 and Leu81 amino acids. In conclusion, B. frutescens phytochemicals have cell cycle arrest, ROS production, apoptosis induction, and mitochondria membrane potential disruption efficacy in breast cancer cells. B. frutescens phytochemicals have the ability to downregulate the notch signaling pathway in triple-negative and luminal breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Pothabathula Sheshu Vardhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Petrina Kapewangolo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Namibia, P/Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Mohammad Shuaib
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Sunita Kumari Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India.
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Gulumian M, Yahaya ES, Steenkamp V. African Herbal Remedies with Antioxidant Activity: A Potential Resource Base for Wound Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:4089541. [PMID: 30595712 PMCID: PMC6282146 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4089541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of traditional herbal remedies as alternative medicine plays an important role in Africa since it forms part of primary health care for treatment of various medical conditions, including wounds. Although physiological levels of free radicals are essential to the healing process, they are known to partly contribute to wound chronicity when in excess. Consequently, antioxidant therapy has been shown to facilitate healing of such wounds. Also, a growing body of evidence suggests that, at least, part of the therapeutic value of herbals may be explained by their antioxidant activity. This paper reviews African herbal remedies with antioxidant activity with the aim of indicating potential resources for wound treatment. Firstly, herbals with identified antioxidant compounds and, secondly, herbals with proven antioxidant activity, but where the compound(s) responsible for the activity has not yet been identified, are listed. In the latter case it has been attempted to ascribe the activity to a compound known to be present in the plant family and/or species, where related activity has previously been documented for another genus of the species. Also, the tests employed to assess antioxidant activity and the potential caveats thereof during assessment are briefly commented on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gulumian
- National Institute for Occupational Health, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Haematology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ewura Seidu Yahaya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Vanessa Steenkamp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Vanajothi R, Srinivasan P. An anthraquinone derivative from Luffa acutangula induces apoptosis in human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 through p53-dependent pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:292-302. [PMID: 26585176 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1108335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antiproliferative activity of 1,8-dihydroxy-4-methylanthracene-9,10-dione (DHMA) isolated from the Luffa acutangula against human non-small cell lung cancer cell line (NCI-H460). Induction of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was determined through fluorescence microscopic technique. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting analysis was carried out to detect the expression of pro-apoptotic (p53, p21, caspase-3, Bax, GADD45A, and ATM) and anti-apoptotic (NF-κB) proteins in NCI-H460 cell line. In silico studies also performed to predict the binding mechanism of DHMA with MDM2-p53 protein. The DHMA inhibited the cell viability of NCI-H460 cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC(50) of about 50 µg/ml. It significantly reduced cell viability correlated with induction of apoptosis, which was associated with ROS generation. The apoptotic cell death was further confirmed through dual staining and DNA fragmentation assay. DHMA significantly increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein such as p53, p21, Bax, and caspase-3 but downregulated the expression of NF-κB in NCI-H460 cell line. In silico studies demonstrate that DHMA formed hydrogen bond interaction with key residues Trp26, Phe55 and Lys24 by which it disrupt the binding of p53 with MDM2 receptor. These findings suggested that DHMA induces apoptosis in NCI-H460 via a p53-dependent pathway. This the first study on cytotoxic and apoptosis inducing activity of DHMA from L. acutangula against NCI-H460 cell line. Therefore, DHMA has therapeutic potential for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pappu Srinivasan
- a Department of Bioinformatics and.,b Department of Animal Health and Management , Alagappa University , Karaikudi , Tamilnadu , India
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Antiproliferative Activity of T. welwitschii Extract on Jurkat T Cells In Vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:817624. [PMID: 26557698 PMCID: PMC4628718 DOI: 10.1155/2015/817624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triumfetta welwitschii is a plant used traditionally for the treatment of fever and diarrhoea. Previous work has shown that T. welwitschii has antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate T. welwitschii extract for anticancer activity against Jurkat T cells. The Jurkat T cell line is used to study acute T cell leukaemia. An antiproliferation assay, determination of induction of apoptosis, the determination of the effect of the combination of the extract and GSH, and effects of the extract on DNA leakage were conducted. T. welwitschii was found to decrease cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. T. welwitschii caused apoptosis in the Jurkat T cells as shown by DNA fragmentation. When T. welwitschii was combined with reduced GSH, it was found that the growth of the Jurkat T cells was significantly reduced compared to untreated cells after 72 h of treatment. This was unexpected, as cancer cells have elevated levels of GSH compared to normal cells. The results of this study show that T. welwitschii is a potential source of compounds that may serve as leads for anticancer compounds.
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