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Shin GE, Lee KK, Ku BK, Oh SH, Jang SH, Kang B, Jeoung HY. Prevalence of viral agents causing swine reproductive failure in Korea and the development of multiplex real-time PCR and RT-PCR assays. Biologicals 2024; 86:101763. [PMID: 38641502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2024.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of viral agents causing reproductive failure in pigs in Korea. In addition, two types of multiplex real-time PCR (mqPCR) were developed for the simultaneous detection of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) in mqPCR and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in reverse transcription mqPCR (mRT-qPCR). A total of 150 aborted fetus samples collected from 2020 to 2022 were analyzed. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was the most prevalent (49/150 32.7%), followed by porcine circovirus type 2 (31/150, 20.7%), and PPV1 (7/150, 4.7%), whereas ADV, EMCV, and JEV were not detected. The newly developed mqPCR and mRT-qPCR could simultaneously detect and differentiate with high sensitivities and specificities. When applied to aborted fetuses, the newly developed mqPCR for PPV was 33.3% more sensitivities than the previously established diagnostic method. Amino acid analysis of the VP2 sequences of PPV isolates revealed considerable similarity to the highly pathogenic Kresse strain. This study successfully evaluated the prevalence of viral agents causing reproductive failure among swine in Korea, the developed mqPCR and mRT-qPCR methods could be utilized as effective and accurate diagnostic methods for the epidemiological surveillance of ADV, PPV, EMCV, and JEV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go-Eun Shin
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoung-Ki Lee
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bok-Kyung Ku
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su Hong Oh
- Mediandiagnostics, Chuncheon, 24399, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Ho Jang
- Mediandiagnostics, Chuncheon, 24399, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bokyu Kang
- Mediandiagnostics, Chuncheon, 24399, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye-Young Jeoung
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea.
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Development of a Multiplex Crystal Digital RT-PCR for Differential Detection of Classical, Highly Pathogenic, and NADC30-like Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040594. [PMID: 36830384 PMCID: PMC9951750 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) type 1 (European genotype) and PRRSV type 2 (North American genotype) are prevalent all over the world. Nowadays, the North American genotype PRRSV (NA-PRRSV) has been widely circulating in China and has caused huge economic losses to the pig industry. In recent years, classical PRRSV (C-PRRSV), highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV), and NADC30-like PRRSV (NL-PRRSV) have been the most common circulating strains in China. In order to accurately differentiate the circulating strains of NA-PRRSV, three pairs of specific primers and corresponding probes were designed for the Nsp2 region of C-PRRSV, HP-PRRSV, and NL-PRRSV. After optimizing the annealing temperature, primer concentration, and probe concentration, a multiplex real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and a multiplex Crystal digital RT-PCR (cdRT-PCR) for the differential detection of C-PRRSV, HP-PRRSV, and NL-PRRSV were developed. The results showed that the two assays illustrated high sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.20 × 100 copies/μL for the multiplex qRT-PCR and 3.20 × 10-1 copies/μL for the multiplex cdRT-PCR. Both assays specifically detected the targeted viruses, without cross-reaction with other swine viruses, and indicated excellent repeatability, with coefficients of variation (CVs) of less than 1.26% for the multiplex qRT-PCR and 2.68% for the multiplex cdRT-PCR. Then, a total of 320 clinical samples were used to evaluate the application of these assays, and the positive rates of C-PRRSV, HP-PRRSV, and NL-PRRSV by the multiplex qRT-PCR were 1.88%, 21.56%, and 9.69%, respectively, while the positive rates by the multiplex cdRT-PCR were 2.19%, 25.31%, and 11.56%, respectively. The high sensitivity, strong specificity, excellent repeatability, and reliability of these assays indicate that they could provide useful tools for the simultaneous and differential detection of the circulating strains of C-PRRSV, HP-PRRSV, and NL-PRRSV in the field.
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Kombiah S, Senthilkumar D, Kumar M, Sivasankar P, Singh VP, Rajukumar K. Growth kinetics of an Indian isolate of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in MARC-145 cells. Virusdisease 2022; 33:208-214. [DOI: 10.1007/s13337-022-00773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Yan J, Peng B, Chen H, Jin Z, Cao D, Song Q, Ye J, Wang H, Tang Y. On-site differential diagnostic detection of HP-PRRSV and C-PRRSV using EuNPs-mAb fluorescent probe-based immunoassay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5799-5810. [PMID: 34331087 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03558-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has caused worldwide economic losses in the swine industry. Pigs infected with highly pathogenic (HP)-PRRSV display more severe symptoms than those infected with classical (C)-PRRSV. A rapid, sensitive, and reliable detection method to distinguish between HP-PRRSV and C-PRRSV is needed. In this study, we prepared a monoclonal antibody from a hybridoma that can distinguish HP-PRRSV(including TP, QJ, LQ, JN-HS, and TY strain) from C-PRRSV (CH-1A strain) using cell surface-fluorescence immunosorbent assays (CSFIA). Based on this monoclonal antibody (4D5), we developed a europium microsphere-based lateral flow immunochromatographic strip (EuNPs-LFICS) for the differential diagnostic detection of HP-PRRSV and C-PRRSV. Under optimized conditions, the method was rapid (15 min), sensitive (LOD: 2.57 ng mL-1, 606 TCID50/0.1 mL), selective for HP-PRRSV detection, and quantitative (DLR: 3.56-228 ng mL-1). In clinical samples, the EuNPs-LFICS assay was largely consistent with PCR results, indicating its practical clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yan
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Jin
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongni Cao
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifang Song
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Ye
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Safety Technology for Meat Products, Xiamen Yinxiang Group Co. Ltd, Xiamen, 361100, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Qiu W, Meng K, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Chen Z, Yang J, Sun W, Guo L, Ren S, Chen L, Yang G, Zhang F, Shi J, Li J, Du Y, Yu J, Wu J. Simultaneous detection of classical PRRSV, highly pathogenic PRRSV and NADC30-like PRRSV by TaqMan probe real-time PCR. J Virol Methods 2019; 282:113774. [PMID: 31726113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), an acute infectious disease caused by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), is one of the most devastating diseases affecting the global swine industry. In order to establish a multiplex real-time PCR method for the simultaneous detection of the classical PRRSV (C-PRRSV) strain, the highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) strain and NADC30-like PRRSV (NL-PRRSV) strain, we designed specific primers and TaqMan fluorescent probes based on the Nsp2 target gene sequence of these three different PRRSV strains, and designed American-type PRRSV (PRRSV-U) special primers and probes based on the relatively conserved target gene sequence of ORF7. The method established in this study can quickly and accurately detect and differentiate three types of strains of clinical tissue samples, respectively. This method plays a key role in the rapid diagnosis and determination of PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Qiu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Kai Meng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Poultry Diseases Diagnosis and Immunology, Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250023, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, 8 Nandajie, Zhongguancun, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Lihui Guo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Sufang Ren
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jianli Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yijun Du
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Jinan, 250014, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Poultry Diseases Diagnosis and Immunology, Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250023, China.
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6
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Geng S, Luo H, Liu Y, Chen C, Xu W, Chen Y, Li X, Fang W. Prevalence of porcine circovirus type 3 in pigs in the southeastern Chinese province of Zhejiang. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:244. [PMID: 31307451 PMCID: PMC6631677 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) was first reported in US in 2016. The virus was also identified later in China. Prevalence of PCV3 in Zhejiang province in southeastern China is not clear though it has been reported in many parts of China. Results PCV3 infection and its co-infection with other swine viral pathogens in pig herds of Zhejiang province were retrospectively investigated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and its sero-prevalence by indirect ELISA. PCV3 was found positive in 67.1% of the 283 clinical samples taken from 2014 to 2017 as shown by qPCR. Single infection with PCV3 accounted for only one-third of the samples, and majority were of co-infections, predominantly with PEDV (41.6%) but generally low with other swine viruses. Indirect ELISA using the PCV3 capsid protein as the coating antigen revealed an average sero-positive rate of 52.6% (40.8 to 60.8%) in 2345 serum samples from 2011 to 2017, with earliest yet high positive findings in samples taken in 2012. Of 203 serum samples, the qPCR method showed more positive findings than ELISA (81.3% vs 56.2%). With 89 serum samples negative by ELISA, vast majority (n = 81) were found positive by qPCR. There was negative correlation in levels of PCV3 DNA and anti-capsid antibody response. ORF2-based phylogenetic analysis revealed three major groups (PCV3a, PCV3b and PCV3c) of the 200 strains, 38 from this study and 162 reference strains from GenBank. Most of the strains from this study were clustered into PCV3c. Of the putative signature residues of the capsid protein (aa 24, 27, 77 and 150) relative to the three groups, only the PCV3a group strains showed a distinct pattern of residues VKSI (95% of the strains), while the other two groups did not have such a ‘signature’ pattern. Conclusions Results from this study provided further evidence that the novel virus PCV3 was widely distributed in China and might have emerged in Zhejiang province before 2014, most probably back in 2012 when there was high PCV3 sero-prevalence. PCV3 might be viremic in pigs and could spread by fecal shedding. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1977-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Geng
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajie Liu
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weicheng Xu
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunlu Chen
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weihuan Fang
- Zhejiang University Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induces concurrent elevation of High Mobility Group Box-1 protein and pro-inflammatory cytokines in experimentally infected piglets. Cytokine 2019; 113:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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8
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Senthilkumar D, Rajukumar K, Sen A, Kumar M, Shrivastava D, Kalaiyarasu S, Gautam S, Singh F, Kulkarni DD, Singh VP. Pathogenic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus of Indian origin in experimentally infected piglets. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1522-1536. [PMID: 29790662 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an economically important transboundary viral disease of pigs confronting the swine industry worldwide. This study was aimed to assess the pathogenic potential of PRRS virus belonging to genotype 2 that emerged in India in 2013. Nine 6-week-old piglets were inoculated intranasally with 2 × 105.75 TCID50 /ml of PRRSV (Ind-297221/2013). Three piglets were kept as uninfected controls. Blood and nasal swabs were collected daily up to 7 days post-infection (dpi) and on alternate days subsequently. Piglets were necropsied for tissue sample collection either on death or after euthanasia on 7, 14 or 21 dpi (one uninfected control and three PRRSV-infected piglets per interval). The virus caused high fever, typical blue ear, weight loss, respiratory distress, diarrhoea and leucopenia between 2 and 8 dpi. Two infected piglets died (on 3 and 17 dpi) during the course of study. The presence of virus in serum and nasal secretion was observed up to 19 and 17 dpi, respectively, with the maximum load between 4 and 7 dpi. Seroconversion started 6 dpi and the mean PRRSV antibody titre reached up to 640 by 21 dpi. Virus load was highest in tonsils at all the intervals, whereas in spleen and lymph nodes load was higher in later intervals. Major microscopic lesions in PRRSV-infected piglets included moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia, lymphoid depletion in tonsils and lymph nodes (cystic), thymic atrophy, reactive hyperplasia followed by lymphoid depletion in spleen. PRRSV antigen was consistently demonstrated by immunoperoxidase test in the lungs, spleen, tonsils and lymph nodes. Antigen distribution was more widespread on 7 and 14 dpi than on 21 dpi. The findings establish that the Indian PRRSV is highly pathogenic to piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Senthilkumar
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - K Rajukumar
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A Sen
- ICAR Research Complex for North East Hill Region, Barapani, Meghalaya, India
| | - M Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - D Shrivastava
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S Kalaiyarasu
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S Gautam
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - F Singh
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - D D Kulkarni
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - V P Singh
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Li H, Yang J, Bao D, Hou J, Zhi Y, Yang Y, Ji P, Zhou E, Qiao S, Zhang G. Development of an immunochromatographic strip for detection of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Vet Sci 2018; 18:307-316. [PMID: 28057905 PMCID: PMC5639083 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and rapid immunochromatographic test strip incorporating a colloidal gold-labeled recombinant Nsp7 antigen probe was successfully developed for the detection of anti-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antibodies in swine. Recombinant Nsp7 protein of PRRSV labeled with colloidal gold was dispensed on a conjugate pad for use as the detector. Staphylococcal protein A and purified porcine anti-Nsp7 antibodies were blotted on a nitrocellulose membrane to form test and control lines, respectively. A comparison of the strip with standard diagnostic tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoperoxidase monolayer assay, was also performed. The immunochromatographic test strip was shown to be of high specificity and sensitivity. Furthermore, the strip assay is rapid and easy to perform with no requirement for professional-level skills or equipment. It is suggested that the immunochromatographic test strip can be used to quickly and accurately detect PRRSV antibody and to be suitable for diagnostic purposes in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.,College of Biology Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jifei Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Dengke Bao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yubao Zhi
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Pengchao Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Enmin Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Songlin Qiao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricutural University, Zhenzhou 450002, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, China
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10
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Lin H, Li B, Chen L, Ma Z, He K, Fan H. Differential Protein Analysis of IPEC-J2 Cells Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Pandemic and Classical Strains Elucidates the Pathogenesis of Infection. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:2113-2120. [PMID: 28506058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) re-emerged in China in late 2010 and has now become widespread. Accumulated evidence indicates that this large-scale outbreak of diarrhea was caused by variants of the highly virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). A pandemic PEDV YC2014 strain (YC2014) was isolated from clinical samples. An iTRAQ-based comparative quantitative proteomic study of IPEC-J2 cells infected with YC2014 and a classical CV777 strain (CV777) was performed to determine the differences between pandemic and classical PEDV strain infection. Totals of 353 and 299 differentially expressed proteins were identified upon YC2014 and CV777 infection, respectively. The canonical pathways and functional networks involved in both PEDV infections were analyzed. The results indicated that the PEDV suppressed protein synthesis of IPEC-J2 cells through down-regulation of the PI3K-AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Infection with YC2014 could activate the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the NF-κB pathway more intensively than CV777. YC2014 could activate NF-κB pathway more intensively than CV777. On the basis of differentially expressed proteins, we propose that PEDV might disrupt apoptosis and may elicit stronger inflammatory cascades as well. This study might contribute to an understanding of the pathogenesis of PEDV infection and aid in the development of effective preventive and control vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixing Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Kongwang He
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses , Yangzhou, China
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11
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Lin H, Ma Z, Hou X, Chen L, Fan H. Construction and immunogenicity of a recombinant swinepox virus expressing a multi-epitope peptide for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43990. [PMID: 28272485 PMCID: PMC5341044 DOI: 10.1038/srep43990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize neutralizing mimotopes, phages were selected from a 12-mer phage display library using three anti-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) neutralizing monoclonal antibodies: (1) A1; (2) A2; and (3) A7. Of these, A2 and A7 recognize the mimotope, P2, which contains the SRHDHIH motif, which has conserved consensus sequences from amino acid positions 156 to 161 in the N-terminal ectodomain of GP3. The artificial multi-epitope gene, mp2, was designed by combining three repeats of the mimotope P2. The resulting sequence was inserted into the swinepox virus (SPV) genome to construct a recombinant swinepox virus (rSPV-mp2). The rSPV-mp2 was able to stably express the multi-epitope peptide, mP2, in vitro. The rSPV-mp2 immunized pigs exhibited a significantly shorter fever duration compared with the wtSPV treated group (P < 0.05). There was an enhanced humoral and cellular immune response, decreased number of PRRSV genomic copies, and a significant reduction in the gross lung pathology (P < 0.05) was observed following PRRSV infection in rSPV-mp2-immunized animals. The results suggest that the recombinant rSPV-mp2 provided pigs with significant protection against PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixing Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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12
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Wang FX, Yuan DY, Jin YN, Hu L, Sun ZY, He Q, Zhao SH, Zhan SB, Wen YJ. Reverse Transcription Cross-Priming Amplification-Nucleic Acid Test Strip for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24702. [PMID: 27090105 PMCID: PMC4835727 DOI: 10.1038/srep24702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly transmissible coronavirus that causes a severe enteric disease particularly in neonatal piglets. In this study, a rapid method for detecting PEDV was developed based on cross-priming amplification and nucleic acid test strip(CPA-NATS). Five primers specific for the N gene sequence of PEDV were used for the cross-priming amplification. Detection of amplification products based on labeled probe primers was conducted with strip binding antibody of labeled markers. The CPA method was evaluated and compared with a PCR method. The reverse transcription CPA system was further optimized for detecting PEDV RNA in clinical specimens. Results showed that the method was highly specific for the detection of PEDV, and had the same sensitivity as PCR, with detection limit of 10−6 diluted plasmid containing the target gene of PEDV. It was also successfully applied to detecting PEDV in clinical specimens. The reverse transcription CPA-NATS detection system established in this study offers a specific, sensitive, rapid, and simple detection tool for screening PEDV, which can contribute to strategies in the effective control of PEDV in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 4899 Juye Avenue, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130112, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Yi Yuan
- (Sino-USA) SiChuan Nabii Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, SiChuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Jin
- Ustar Biotechnologies (Hangzhou), Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Hu
- Ustar Biotechnologies (Hangzhou), Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Sun
- (Sino-USA) SiChuan Nabii Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, SiChuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian He
- (Sino-USA) SiChuan Nabii Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, SiChuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Hua Zhao
- Veterinary Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, 010031, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Bai Zhan
- Veterinary Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, 010031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 4899 Juye Avenue, Jingyue Economic and Technological Development Zone, Changchun, Jilin, 130112, People's Republic of China.,Veterinary Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, 010031, People's Republic of China
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Simultaneous detection of eight swine reproductive and respiratory pathogens using a novel GeXP analyser-based multiplex PCR assay. J Virol Methods 2015; 224:9-15. [PMID: 26259690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new high-throughput GenomeLab Gene Expression Profiler (GeXP) analyser-based multiplex PCR assay was developed for the detection of eight reproductive and respiratory pathogens in swine. The reproductive and respiratory pathogens include North American porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV-NA), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), swine influenza virus (SIV) (including H1 and H3 subtypes), porcine parvovirus (PPV), pseudorabies virus (PRV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Nine pairs of specific chimeric primers were designed and used to initiate PCRs, and one pair of universal primers was used for subsequent PCR cycles. The specificity of the GeXP assay was examined using positive controls for each virus. The sensitivity was evaluated using serial ten-fold dilutions of in vitro-transcribed RNA from all of the RNA viruses and plasmids from DNA viruses. The GeXP assay was further evaluated using 114 clinical specimens and was compared with real-time PCR/single RT-PCR methods. The specificity of the GeXP assay for each pathogen was examined using single cDNA/DNA template. Specific amplification peaks of the reproductive and respiratory pathogens were observed on the GeXP analyser. The minimum copies per reaction detected for each virus by the GeXP assay were as follows: 1000 copies/μl for PRV; 100 copies/μl for CSFV, JEV, PCV-2 and PPV; and 10 copies/μl for SIV-H1, SIV-H3 and PRRSV-NA. Analysis of 114 clinical samples using the GeXP assay demonstrated that the GeXP assay had comparable detection to real-time PCR/single RT-PCR. This study demonstrated that the GeXP assay is a new method with high sensitivity and specificity for the identification of these swine reproductive and respiratory pathogens. The GeXP assay may be adopted for molecular epidemiological surveys of these reproductive and respiratory pathogens in swine populations.
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Development of a genome copy specific RT-qPCR assay for divergent strains of type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Virol Methods 2015; 218:1-6. [PMID: 25766790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) became a significant pathogen of swine upon its emergence in the late 1980s and since then has exemplified a rapidly evolving, constantly re-emerging pathogen. In addition to the challenges faced in development of vaccines and diagnostics, research on the basic molecular pathogenesis of PRRSV is also restrained by the ability to accurately and comparatively quantitate levels of replication in different tissues and between strains. This is further complicated by the presence of non-genomic RNA within infected tissues which are generally detected with equivalent efficiency by RT-qPCR based techniques, thereby introducing inherent error in these measurements that may differ significantly by tissue and strain. To address this, an RT-qPCR based technique was developed which targets the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene (nsp9) which is unique to genomic RNA, being absent from all subgenomic and heteroclite RNAs. This assay targets a region of considerable sequence conservation, and based on sequence only, should be quantitative for approximately 40% of all Type 2 PRRSV strains in GenBank for which nsp9 sequence is available. The assay was demonstrated to be linear over nine orders of magnitude (10(10)-10(2) copies) and can be readily adapted for multiplex detection of additional divergent PRRSV strains. This assay will add significantly to the ability to assess and compare PRRSV replication in a variety of tissues and between divergent strains, including highly pathogenic strains of considerable concern to the global pork industry.
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