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Ten Brink T, Damanik F, Rotmans JI, Moroni L. Unraveling and Harnessing the Immune Response at the Cell-Biomaterial Interface for Tissue Engineering Purposes. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301939. [PMID: 38217464 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials are defined as "engineered materials" and include a range of natural and synthetic products, designed for their introduction into and interaction with living tissues. Biomaterials are considered prominent tools in regenerative medicine that support the restoration of tissue defects and retain physiologic functionality. Although commonly used in the medical field, these constructs are inherently foreign toward the host and induce an immune response at the material-tissue interface, defined as the foreign body response (FBR). A strong connection between the foreign body response and tissue regeneration is suggested, in which an appropriate amount of immune response and macrophage polarization is necessary to trigger autologous tissue formation. Recent developments in this field have led to the characterization of immunomodulatory traits that optimizes bioactivity, the integration of biomaterials and determines the fate of tissue regeneration. This review addresses a variety of aspects that are involved in steering the inflammatory response, including immune cell interactions, physical characteristics, biochemical cues, and metabolomics. Harnessing the advancing knowledge of the FBR allows for the optimization of biomaterial-based implants, aiming to prevent damage of the implant, improve natural regeneration, and provide the tools for an efficient and successful in vivo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Ten Brink
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | - Febriyani Damanik
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | - Joris I Rotmans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
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2
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Gupta U, Maity D, Sharma VK. Recent advances of polymeric nanoplatforms for cancer treatment: smart delivery systems (SDS), nanotheranostics and multidrug resistance (MDR) inhibition. Biomed Mater 2023; 19:012003. [PMID: 37944188 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad0b23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanotheranostics is a promising field that combines the benefits of diagnostic and treatment into a single nano-platform that not only administers treatment but also allows for real-time monitoring of therapeutic response, decreasing the possibility of under/over-drug dosing. Furthermore, developing smart delivery systems (SDSs) for cancer theranostics that can take advantage of various tumour microenvironment (TME) conditions (such as deformed tumour vasculature, various over-expressed receptor proteins, reduced pH, oxidative stress, and resulting elevated glutathione levels) can aid in achieving improved pharmacokinetics, higher tumour accumulation, enhanced antitumour efficacy, and/or decreased side effects and multidrug resistance (MDR) inhibition. Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are being widely investigated in this regard due to their unique features such as small size, passive/active targeting possibility, better pharmaceutical kinetics and biological distribution, decreased adverse reactions of the established drugs, inherent inhibitory properties to MDR efflux pump proteins, as well as the feasibility of delivering numerous therapeutic substances in just one design. Hence in this review, we have primarily discussed PNPs based targeted and/or controlled SDSs in which we have elaborated upon different TME mediated nanotheranostic platforms (NTPs) including active/passive/magnetic targeting platforms along with pH/ROS/redox-responsive platforms. Besides, we have elucidated different imaging guided cancer therapeutic platforms based on four major cancer imaging techniques i.e., fluorescence/photo-acoustic/radionuclide/magnetic resonance imaging, Furthermore, we have deliberated some of the most recently developed PNPs based multimodal NTPs (by combining two or more imaging or therapy techniques on a single nanoplatform) in cancer theranostics. Moreover, we have provided a brief update on PNPs based NTP which are recently developed to overcome MDR for effective cancer treatment. Additionally, we have briefly discussed about the tissue biodistribution/tumour targeting efficiency of these nanoplatforms along with recent preclinical/clinical studies. Finally, we have elaborated on various limitations associated with PNPs based nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvashi Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Dipak Maity
- School of Health Sciences & Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, 1266 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America
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Leite YKDC, Oliveira ACDJ, Quelemes PV, Neto NMA, de Carvalho CES, Soares Rodrigues HW, Alves MMDM, Carvalho FADA, Arcanjo DDR, da Silva-Filho EC, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, de Carvalho MAM, da Silva DA, Leite JRDSDA. Novel Scaffold Based on Chitosan Hydrogels/Phthalated Cashew Gum for Supporting Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:266. [PMID: 37259411 PMCID: PMC9960865 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are structures that have value for application in the area of tissue engineering because they mimic the extracellular matrix. Naturally obtained polysaccharides, such as chitosan (CH) and cashew gum, are materials with the ability to form polymeric networks due to their physicochemical properties. This research aimed to develop a scaffold based on chitosan and phthalated cashew tree gum and test it as a support for the growth of human mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, phthalation in cashew gum (PCG) was performed by using a solvent-free route. PCG-CH scaffold was developed by polyelectrolyte complexation, and its ability to support adherent stem cell growth was evaluated. The scaffold showed a high swelling rate. The pore sizes of the scaffold were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were isolated, expanded, and characterized for their potential to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages and for their immunophenotypic profile. Isolated mesenchymal stem cells presented fibroblastoid morphology, plastic adhesion capacity, and differentiation in osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in scaffolds to assess cell adhesion and growth. The cells seeded on the scaffold showed typical morphology, attachment, and adequate distribution inside the matrix pores. Thus, cells seeded in the scaffold may improve the osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of these biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulla Klinger de Carvalho Leite
- Integrated Nucleus of Morphology and Stem Cell Research (NUPCelt), Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Antônia Carla de Jesus Oliveira
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Federal University of Delta of Parnaiba, UFDPar, Parnaiba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
| | - Patrick Veras Quelemes
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Federal University of Delta of Parnaiba, UFDPar, Parnaiba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
| | - Napoleão Martins Argolo Neto
- Integrated Nucleus of Morphology and Stem Cell Research (NUPCelt), Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Camila Ernanda Sousa de Carvalho
- Integrated Nucleus of Morphology and Stem Cell Research (NUPCelt), Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Huanna Waleska Soares Rodrigues
- Integrated Nucleus of Morphology and Stem Cell Research (NUPCelt), Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves
- Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
- Laboratory of Antileishmania Activity, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho
- Laboratory of Antileishmania Activity, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo
- Laboratory of Antileishmania Activity, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology (LAFMOL), Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Edson Cavalcanti da Silva-Filho
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials (LIMAV), Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Acelina Martins de Carvalho
- Integrated Nucleus of Morphology and Stem Cell Research (NUPCelt), Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Durcilene Alves da Silva
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Federal University of Delta of Parnaiba, UFDPar, Parnaiba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
| | - José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Federal University of Delta of Parnaiba, UFDPar, Parnaiba 64202-020, PI, Brazil
- Area Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília (UnB), Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Gryshkov O, AL Halabi F, Kuhn AI, Leal-Marin S, Freund LJ, Förthmann M, Meier N, Barker SA, Haastert-Talini K, Glasmacher B. PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) Electrospun Scaffolds for Nerve Graft Engineering: A Comparative Study on Piezoelectric and Structural Properties, and In Vitro Biocompatibility. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11373. [PMID: 34768804 PMCID: PMC8583857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its copolymer with trifluoroethylene (P(VDF-TrFE)) are considered as promising biomaterials for supporting nerve regeneration because of their proven biocompatibility and piezoelectric properties that could stimulate cell ingrowth due to their electrical activity upon mechanical deformation. For the first time, this study reports on the comparative analysis of PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) electrospun scaffolds in terms of structural and piezoelectric properties as well as their in vitro performance. A dynamic impact test machine was developed, validated, and utilised, to evaluate the generation of an electrical voltage upon the application of an impact load (varying load magnitude and frequency) onto the electrospun PVDF (15-20 wt%) and P(VDF-TrFE) (10-20 wt%) scaffolds. The cytotoxicity and in vitro performance of the scaffolds was evaluated with neonatal rat (nrSCs) and adult human Schwann cells (ahSCs). The neurite outgrowth behaviour from sensory rat dorsal root ganglion neurons cultured on the scaffolds was analysed qualitatively. The results showed (i) a significant increase of the β-phase content in the PVDF after electrospinning as well as a zeta potential similar to P(VDF-TrFE), (ii) a non-constant behaviour of the longitudinal piezoelectric strain constant d33, depending on the load and the load frequency, and (iii) biocompatibility with cultured Schwann cells and guiding properties for sensory neurite outgrowth. In summary, the electrospun PVDF-based scaffolds, representing piezoelectric activity, can be considered as promising materials for the development of artificial nerve conduits for the peripheral nerve injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Gryshkov
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz University Hannover, An der Universität 1, Building 8143, 30823 Garbsen, Germany; (A.I.K.); (S.L.-M.); (S.-A.B.); (B.G.)
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fedaa AL Halabi
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz University Hannover, An der Universität 1, Building 8143, 30823 Garbsen, Germany; (A.I.K.); (S.L.-M.); (S.-A.B.); (B.G.)
| | - Antonia Isabel Kuhn
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz University Hannover, An der Universität 1, Building 8143, 30823 Garbsen, Germany; (A.I.K.); (S.L.-M.); (S.-A.B.); (B.G.)
| | - Sara Leal-Marin
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz University Hannover, An der Universität 1, Building 8143, 30823 Garbsen, Germany; (A.I.K.); (S.L.-M.); (S.-A.B.); (B.G.)
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lena Julie Freund
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Centre for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (L.J.F.); (M.F.); (K.H.-T.)
| | - Maria Förthmann
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Centre for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (L.J.F.); (M.F.); (K.H.-T.)
| | - Nils Meier
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Braunschweig University of Technology, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Sven-Alexander Barker
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz University Hannover, An der Universität 1, Building 8143, 30823 Garbsen, Germany; (A.I.K.); (S.L.-M.); (S.-A.B.); (B.G.)
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kirsten Haastert-Talini
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Centre for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (L.J.F.); (M.F.); (K.H.-T.)
| | - Birgit Glasmacher
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz University Hannover, An der Universität 1, Building 8143, 30823 Garbsen, Germany; (A.I.K.); (S.L.-M.); (S.-A.B.); (B.G.)
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Yan Z, Qian Y, Fan C. Biomimicry in 3D printing design: implications for peripheral nerve regeneration. Regen Med 2021; 16:683-701. [PMID: 34189955 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve guide conduits (NGCs) connect dissected nerve stumps and effectively repair short-range peripheral nerve defects. However, for long-range defects, autografts show better therapeutic effects, despite intrinsic limitations. Recent evidence shows that biomimetic design is essential for high-performance NGCs, and 3D printing is a promising fabricating technique. The current work includes a brief review of the challenges for peripheral nerve regeneration. The authors propose a potential solution using biomimetic 3D-printed NGCs as alternative therapies. The assessment of biomimetic designs includes microarchitecture, mechanical property, electrical conductivity and biologics inclusion. The applications of 3D printing in preparing NGCs and present strategies to improve therapeutic effects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Bioactive Nanofiber-Based Conduits in a Peripheral Nerve Gap Management-An Animal Model Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115588. [PMID: 34070436 PMCID: PMC8197537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to examine the efficiency of a scaffold made of poly (L-lactic acid)-co-poly(ϵ-caprolactone), collagen (COL), polyaniline (PANI), and enriched with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) as a nerve conduit in a rat model. P(LLA-CL)-COL-PANI scaffold was optimized and electrospun into a tubular-shaped structure. Adipose tissue from 10 Lewis rats was harvested for ASCs culture. A total of 28 inbred male Lewis rats underwent sciatic nerve transection and excision of a 10 mm nerve trunk fragment. In Group A, the nerve gap remained untouched; in Group B, an excised trunk was used as an autograft; in Group C, nerve stumps were secured with P(LLA-CL)-COL-PANI conduit; in Group D, P(LLA-CL)-COL-PANI conduit was enriched with ASCs. After 6 months of observation, rats were sacrificed. Gastrocnemius muscles and sciatic nerves were harvested for weight, histology analysis, and nerve fiber count analyses. Group A showed advanced atrophy of the muscle, and each intervention (B, C, D) prevented muscle mass decrease (p < 0.0001); however, ASCs addition decreased efficiency vs. autograft (p < 0.05). Nerve fiber count revealed a superior effect in the nerve fiber density observed in the groups with the use of conduit (D vs. B p < 0.0001, C vs. B p < 0.001). P(LLA-CL)-COL-PANI conduits with ASCs showed promising results in managing nerve gap by decreasing muscle atrophy.
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Stewart CE, Kan CFK, Stewart BR, Sanicola HW, Jung JP, Sulaiman OAR, Wang D. Machine intelligence for nerve conduit design and production. J Biol Eng 2020; 14:25. [PMID: 32944070 PMCID: PMC7487837 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-020-00245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have emerged from recent advances within tissue engineering as a promising alternative to autografts for peripheral nerve repair. NGCs are tubular structures with engineered biomaterials, which guide axonal regeneration from the injured proximal nerve to the distal stump. NGC design can synergistically combine multiple properties to enhance proliferation of stem and neuronal cells, improve nerve migration, attenuate inflammation and reduce scar tissue formation. The aim of most laboratories fabricating NGCs is the development of an automated process that incorporates patient-specific features and complex tissue blueprints (e.g. neurovascular conduit) that serve as the basis for more complicated muscular and skin grafts. One of the major limitations for tissue engineering is lack of guidance for generating tissue blueprints and the absence of streamlined manufacturing processes. With the rapid expansion of machine intelligence, high dimensional image analysis, and computational scaffold design, optimized tissue templates for 3D bioprinting (3DBP) are feasible. In this review, we examine the translational challenges to peripheral nerve regeneration and where machine intelligence can innovate bottlenecks in neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E. Stewart
- Current Affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport Louisiana, USA
| | - Chin Fung Kelvin Kan
- Current Affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Brody R. Stewart
- Current Affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Henry W. Sanicola
- Current Affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport Louisiana, USA
| | - Jangwook P. Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Olawale A. R. Sulaiman
- Ochsner Neural Injury & Regeneration Laboratory, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, 70121 USA
| | - Dadong Wang
- Quantitative Imaging Research Team, Data 61, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Marsfield, NSW 2122 Australia
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Li Z, Mei S, Dong Y, She F, Li Y, Li P, Kong L. Functional Nanofibrous Biomaterials of Tailored Structures for Drug Delivery-A Critical Review. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060522. [PMID: 32521627 PMCID: PMC7355603 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofibrous biomaterials have huge potential for drug delivery, due to their structural features and functions that are similar to the native extracellular matrix (ECM). A wide range of natural and polymeric materials can be employed to produce nanofibrous biomaterials. This review introduces the major natural and synthetic biomaterials for production of nanofibers that are biocompatible and biodegradable. Different technologies and their corresponding advantages and disadvantages for manufacturing nanofibrous biomaterials for drug delivery were also reported. The morphologies and structures of nanofibers can be tailor-designed and processed by carefully selecting suitable biomaterials and fabrication methods, while the functionality of nanofibrous biomaterials can be improved by modifying the surface. The loading and releasing of drug molecules, which play a significant role in the effectiveness of drug delivery, are also surveyed. This review provides insight into the fabrication of functional polymeric nanofibers for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Z.L.); (Y.D.); (F.S.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Shunqi Mei
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Yajie Dong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Z.L.); (Y.D.); (F.S.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Fenghua She
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Z.L.); (Y.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Yongzhen Li
- Key laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agriculture Products Processing Research Institute, CATAS, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.)
| | - Puwang Li
- Key laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agriculture Products Processing Research Institute, CATAS, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.)
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; (Z.L.); (Y.D.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (L.K.)
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Reifenrath J, Wellmann M, Kempfert M, Angrisani N, Welke B, Gniesmer S, Kampmann A, Menzel H, Willbold E. TGF-β3 Loaded Electrospun Polycaprolacton Fibre Scaffolds for Rotator Cuff Tear Repair: An in Vivo Study in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1046. [PMID: 32033294 PMCID: PMC7036781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological factors such as TGF-β3 are possible supporters of the healing process in chronic rotator cuff tears. In the present study, electrospun chitosan coated polycaprolacton (CS-g-PCL) fibre scaffolds were loaded with TGF-β3 and their effect on tendon healing was compared biomechanically and histologically to unloaded fibre scaffolds in a chronic tendon defect rat model. The biomechanical analysis revealed that tendon-bone constructs with unloaded scaffolds had significantly lower values for maximum force compared to native tendons. Tendon-bone constructs with TGF-β3-loaded fibre scaffolds showed only slightly lower values. In histological evaluation minor differences could be observed. Both groups showed advanced fibre scaffold degradation driven partly by foreign body giant cell accumulation and high cellular numbers in the reconstructed area. Normal levels of neutrophils indicate that present mast cells mediated rather phagocytosis than inflammation. Fibrosis as sign of foreign body encapsulation and scar formation was only minorly present. In conclusion, TGF-β3-loading of electrospun PCL fibre scaffolds resulted in more robust constructs without causing significant advantages on a cellular level. A deeper investigation with special focus on macrophages and foreign body giant cells interactions is one of the major foci in further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janin Reifenrath
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna–von–Borries Str. 1–3, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Wellmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna–von–Borries Str. 1–3, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Merle Kempfert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna–von–Borries Str. 1–3, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nina Angrisani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna–von–Borries Str. 1–3, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bastian Welke
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Haubergstraße 3, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarah Gniesmer
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Clinic for Cranio–Maxillo–Facial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl–Neuberg–Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kampmann
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Clinic for Cranio–Maxillo–Facial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl–Neuberg–Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Menzel
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Braunschweig University of Technology, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elmar Willbold
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna–von–Borries Str. 1–3, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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10
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Fadia NB, Bliley JM, DiBernardo GA, Crammond DJ, Schilling BK, Sivak WN, Spiess AM, Washington KM, Waldner M, Liao HT, James IB, Minteer DM, Tompkins-Rhoades C, Cottrill AR, Kim DY, Schweizer R, Bourne DA, Panagis GE, Asher Schusterman M, Egro FM, Campwala IK, Simpson T, Weber DJ, Gause T, Brooker JE, Josyula T, Guevara AA, Repko AJ, Mahoney CM, Marra KG. Long-gap peripheral nerve repair through sustained release of a neurotrophic factor in nonhuman primates. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:12/527/eaav7753. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav7753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Severe injuries to peripheral nerves are challenging to repair. Standard-of-care treatment for nerve gaps >2 to 3 centimeters is autografting; however, autografting can result in neuroma formation, loss of sensory function at the donor site, and increased operative time. To address the need for a synthetic nerve conduit to treat large nerve gaps, we investigated a biodegradable poly(caprolactone) (PCL) conduit with embedded double-walled polymeric microspheres encapsulating glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) capable of providing a sustained release of GDNF for >50 days in a 5-centimeter nerve defect in a rhesus macaque model. The GDNF-eluting conduit (PCL/GDNF) was compared to a median nerve autograft and a PCL conduit containing empty microspheres (PCL/Empty). Functional testing demonstrated similar functional recovery between the PCL/GDNF-treated group (75.64 ± 10.28%) and the autograft-treated group (77.49 ± 19.28%); both groups were statistically improved compared to PCL/Empty-treated group (44.95 ± 26.94%). Nerve conduction velocity 1 year after surgery was increased in the PCL/GDNF-treated macaques (31.41 ± 15.34 meters/second) compared to autograft (25.45 ± 3.96 meters/second) and PCL/Empty (12.60 ± 3.89 meters/second) treatment. Histological analyses included assessment of Schwann cell presence, myelination of axons, nerve fiber density, and g-ratio. PCL/GDNF group exhibited a statistically greater average area occupied by individual Schwann cells at the distal nerve (11.60 ± 33.01 μm2) compared to autograft (4.62 ± 3.99 μm2) and PCL/Empty (4.52 ± 5.16 μm2) treatment groups. This study demonstrates the efficacious bridging of a long peripheral nerve gap in a nonhuman primate model using an acellular, biodegradable nerve conduit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil B. Fadia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Bliley
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Donald J. Crammond
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Wesley N. Sivak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alexander M. Spiess
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kia M. Washington
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthias Waldner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Han-Tsung Liao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Isaac B. James
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Danielle M. Minteer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Adam R. Cottrill
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Deok-Yeol Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Riccardo Schweizer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Debra A. Bourne
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - George E. Panagis
- Department of Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Greensburg, PA 15601, USA
| | - M. Asher Schusterman
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Francesco M. Egro
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Tyler Simpson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Douglas J. Weber
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Trent Gause
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jack E. Brooker
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tvisha Josyula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Astrid A. Guevara
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alexander J. Repko
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Kacey G. Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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11
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Nerve grafting for peripheral nerve injuries with extended defect sizes. Wien Med Wochenschr 2018; 169:240-251. [PMID: 30547373 PMCID: PMC6538587 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-018-0675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Artificial and non-artificial nerve grafts are the gold standard in peripheral nerve reconstruction in cases with extensive loss of nerve tissue, particularly where a direct end-to-end suture or an autologous nerve graft is inauspicious. Different materials are marketed and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for peripheral nerve graft reconstruction. The most frequently used materials are collagen and poly(DL-lactide-ε-caprolactone). Only one human nerve allograft is listed for peripheral nerve reconstruction by the FDA. All marketed nerve grafts are able to demonstrate sufficient nerve regeneration over small distances not exceeding 3.0 cm. A key question in the field is whether nerve reconstruction on large defect lengths extending 4.0 cm or more is possible. This review gives a summary of current clinical and experimental approaches in peripheral nerve surgery using artificial and non-artificial nerve grafts in short and long distance nerve defects. Strategies to extend nerve graft lengths for long nerve defects, such as enhancing axonal regeneration, include the additional application of Schwann cells, mesenchymal stem cells or supporting co-factors like growth factors on defect sizes between 4.0 and 8.0 cm.
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12
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Frost HK, Andersson T, Johansson S, Englund-Johansson U, Ekström P, Dahlin LB, Johansson F. Electrospun nerve guide conduits have the potential to bridge peripheral nerve injuries in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16716. [PMID: 30425260 PMCID: PMC6233209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning can be used to mimic the architecture of an acellular nerve graft, combining microfibers for guidance, and pores for cellular infiltration. We made electrospun nerve guides, from polycaprolactone (PCL) or poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), with aligned fibers along the insides of the channels and random fibers around them. We bridged a 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defect with the guides, and, in selected groups, added a cell transplant derived from autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF). For control, we compared to hollow silicone tubes; or autologous nerve grafts. PCL nerve guides had a high degree of autotomy (8/43 rats), a negative indicator with respect to future usefulness, while PLLA supported axonal regeneration, but did not outperform autologous nerve grafts. Transplanted cells survived in the PLLA nerve guides, but axonal regeneration was not enhanced as compared to nerve guides alone. The inflammatory response was partially enhanced by the transplanted cells in PLLA nerve grafts; Schwann cells were poorly distributed compared to nerve guide without cells. Tailor-made electrospun nerve guides support axonal regeneration in vivo, and can act as vehicles for co-transplanted cells. Our results motivate further studies exploring novel nerve guides and the effect of stromal cell-derived factors on nerve generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna K Frost
- Department of Translational Medicine - Hand Surgery, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Tomas Andersson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - U Englund-Johansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund - Ophtalmology, Lund University, SE-211 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund - Ophtalmology, Lund University, SE-211 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars B Dahlin
- Department of Translational Medicine - Hand Surgery, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
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Horakova J, Mikes P, Saman A, Jencova V, Klapstova A, Svarcova T, Ackermann M, Novotny V, Suchy T, Lukas D. The effect of ethylene oxide sterilization on electrospun vascular grafts made from biodegradable polyesters. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 92:132-142. [PMID: 30184736 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The study describes the detailed examination of the effect of ethylene oxide sterilization on electrospun scaffolds constructed from biodegradable polyesters. Different fibrous layers fabricated from polycaprolactone (PCL) and a copolymer consisting of polylactide and polycaprolactone (PLCL) were investigated for the determination of their mechanical properties, degradation rates and interaction with fibroblasts. It was discovered that the sterilization procedure influenced the mechanical properties of the electrospun PLCL copolymer scaffold to the greatest extent. No effect of ethylene oxide sterilization on degradation behavior was observed. However, a delayed fibroblast proliferation rate was noticed with concern to the ethylene oxide sterilized samples compared to the ethanol sterilization of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Horakova
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - P Mikes
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - A Saman
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - V Jencova
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - A Klapstova
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - T Svarcova
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - M Ackermann
- Department of Industrial Technology, Institute of Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - V Novotny
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute of Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - T Suchy
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, V Holesovickach 94/41, 182 09 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - D Lukas
- Department of Nonwovens and Nanofibrous Materials, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
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14
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Qasim SB, Zafar MS, Najeeb S, Khurshid Z, Shah AH, Husain S, Rehman IU. Electrospinning of Chitosan-Based Solutions for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E407. [PMID: 29385727 PMCID: PMC5855629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning has been used for decades to generate nano-fibres via an electrically charged jet of polymer solution. This process is established on a spinning technique, using electrostatic forces to produce fine fibres from polymer solutions. Amongst, the electrospinning of available biopolymers (silk, cellulose, collagen, gelatine and hyaluronic acid), chitosan (CH) has shown a favourable outcome for tissue regeneration applications. The aim of the current review is to assess the current literature about electrospinning chitosan and its composite formulations for creating fibres in combination with other natural polymers to be employed in tissue engineering. In addition, various polymers blended with chitosan for electrospinning have been discussed in terms of their potential biomedical applications. The review shows that evidence exists in support of the favourable properties and biocompatibility of chitosan electrospun composite biomaterials for a range of applications. However, further research and in vivo studies are required to translate these materials from the laboratory to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad B Qasim
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, P.O. Box 45142, Riyadh 11512, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad S Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Shariq Najeeb
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh 361724, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Altaf H Shah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 11512, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shehriar Husain
- Department of Dental Materials, College of Dentistry, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75110, Pakistan.
| | - Ihtesham Ur Rehman
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK.
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15
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Bozkurt A, Claeys KG, Schrading S, Rödler JV, Altinova H, Schulz JB, Weis J, Pallua N, van Neerven SGA. Clinical and biometrical 12-month follow-up in patients after reconstruction of the sural nerve biopsy defect by the collagen-based nerve guide Neuromaix. Eur J Med Res 2017; 22:34. [PMID: 28938917 PMCID: PMC5610476 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-017-0279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Many new strategies for the reconstruction of peripheral nerve injuries have been explored for their effectiveness in supporting nerve regeneration. However only a few of these materials were actually clinically evaluated and approved for human use. This open, mono-center, non-randomized clinical study summarizes the 12-month follow-up of patients receiving reconstruction of the sural nerve biopsy defect by the collagen-based nerve guide Neuromaix. Neuromaix was implanted as a micro-structured, two-component scaffold bridging 20–40 mm nerve defects after sural nerve biopsy in twenty patients (eighteen evaluated, two lost in follow-up). Safety of the material was evaluated by clinical examination of wound healing. Performance was assessed by sensory testing of modalities, pain assessment, and palpation for the Hoffmann–Tinel’s sign as well as demarcating the asensitive area at each follow-up visit. Every patient demonstrated uneventful wound healing during the complete 12-month time course of the study. Two patients reported complete return of sensation, whereas eleven out of eighteen patients reported a positive Hoffmann–Tinel’s sign at the lower leg with simultaneous reduction of the asensitive area by 12 months. Our data show that Neuromaix can be implanted safely in humans to bridge sural nerve gaps. No procedure-related, adverse events, or severe adverse events were reported. These first clinical data on Neuromaix provide promising perspectives for the bridging of larger nerve gaps in combined nerves, which should be investigated more through extensive, multi-center clinical trials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Bozkurt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Plastic & Aesthetic, Reconstructive & Hand Surgery, Center for Reconstructive Microsurgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery (ZEMPEN), Agaplesion Markus Hospital, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kristl G Claeys
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven and University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Louvain, Belgium
| | - Simone Schrading
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jana V Rödler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Haktan Altinova
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Translational Brain Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Translational Brain Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Norbert Pallua
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabien G A van Neerven
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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16
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Fornaro R, Salerno A, Filip DC, Caratto E, Caratto M, Casaccia M. Schwannoma of the hypoglossal nerve: Review of the literature based on an illustrative case. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 7:288-294. [PMID: 28781804 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas are benign tumours that originate from the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves. They are characterised by a slow growth tendency. Benign schwannomas represent 35% of the head and neck district tumours. Hypoglossal schwannomas account for 5% of non-vestibular schwannomas, and malignant schwannomas occur very rarely. In the present case report, the case of a 49-year-old man who presented with paraesthesias in the left parotid and submandibular region, associated with sensation of foreign bodies and dysphagia for solids, is described. A clinical examination revealed the presence of an ovoid palpable mass in the lateral-cervical region of the neck. The patient subsequently underwent excisional surgery, and neuropathological evaluation of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of benign schwannoma with Antoni areas A and B. Despite the rarity of schwannomas, this condition should be considered in differential diagnoses for masses localised in the neck, as in cases where they reach considerable sizes (>3 cm in diameter). Surgery therefore represents the first-choice treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Fornaro
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alexander Salerno
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - David Constantin Filip
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Caratto
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Caratto
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Casaccia
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy
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17
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Bolaina-Lorenzo E, Martínez-Ramos C, Monleón-Pradas M, Herrera-Kao W, Cauich-Rodríguez JV, Cervantes-Uc JM. Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility. Biomed Mater 2016; 12:015008. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/12/1/015008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Characterization and Schwann Cell Seeding of up to 15.0 cm Long Spider Silk Nerve Conduits for Reconstruction of Peripheral Nerve Defects. J Funct Biomater 2016; 7:jfb7040030. [PMID: 27916868 PMCID: PMC5197989 DOI: 10.3390/jfb7040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve reconstruction of extended nerve defect injuries still remains challenging with respect to therapeutic options. The gold standard in nerve surgery is the autologous nerve graft. Due to the limitation of adequate donor nerves, surgical alternatives are needed. Nerve grafts made out of either natural or artificial materials represent this alternative. Several biomaterials are being explored and preclinical and clinical applications are ongoing. Unfortunately, nerve conduits with successful enhancement of axonal regeneration for nerve defects measuring over 4.0 cm are sparse and no conduits are available for nerve defects extending to 10.0 cm. In this study, spider silk nerve conduits seeded with Schwann cells were investigated for in vitro regeneration on defects measuring 4.0 cm, 10.0 cm and 15.0 cm in length. Schwann cells (SCs) were isolated, cultured and purified. Cell purity was determined by immunofluorescence. Nerve grafts were constructed out of spider silk from Nephila edulis and decellularized ovine vessels. Finally, spider silk implants were seeded with purified Schwann cells. Cell attachment was observed within the first hour. After 7 and 21 days of culture, immunofluorescence for viability and determination of Schwann cell proliferation and migration throughout the conduits was performed. Analyses revealed that SCs maintained viable (>95%) throughout the conduits independent of construct length. SC proliferation on the spider silk was determined from day 7 to day 21 with a proliferation index of 49.42% arithmetically averaged over all conduits. This indicates that spider silk nerve conduits represent a favorable environment for SC attachment, proliferation and distribution over a distance of least 15.0 cm in vitro. Thus spider silk nerve implants are a highly adequate biomaterial for nerve reconstruction.
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19
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Khalf A, Madihally SV. Recent advances in multiaxial electrospinning for drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 112:1-17. [PMID: 27865991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun fibers have seen an insurgence in biomedical applications due to their unique characteristics. Coaxial and triaxial electrospinning techniques have added new impetus via fabrication of multilayered nano and micro-size fibers. These techniques offer the possibility of forming fibers with features such as blending, reinforced core, porous and hollow structure. The unique fabrication process can be used to tailor the mechanical properties, biological properties and release of various factors, which can potentially be useful in various controlled drug delivery applications. Harvesting these advantages, various polymers and their combinations have been explored in a number of drug delivery and tissue regeneration applications. New advances have shown the requirement of drug-polymer compatibility in addition to drug-solvent compatibility. We summarize recent findings using both hydrophilic and hydrophobic (or lipophilic) drugs in hydrophobic or hydrophilic polymers on release behavior. We also describe the fundamental forces involved during the electrospinning process providing insight to the factors to be considered to form fibers. Also, various modeling efforts on the drug release profiles are summarized. In addition new developments in the immune response to the electrospun fibers, and advances in scale-up issues needed for industrial size manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurizzagh Khalf
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States.
| | - Sundararajan V Madihally
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 420 Engineering North, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States.
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20
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Pixley SK, Hopkins TM, Little KJ, Hom DB. Evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration through biomaterial conduits via micro-CT imaging. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2016; 1:185-190. [PMID: 28894816 PMCID: PMC5510275 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hollow nerve conduits made of natural or synthetic biomaterials are used clinically to aid regeneration of peripheral nerves damaged by trauma or disease. To support healing, conduit lumen patency must be maintained until recovery occurs. New methods to study conduit structural integrity would provide an important means to optimize conduits in preclinical studies. We explored a novel combined technique to examine structural integrity of two types of nerve conduits after in vivo healing. STUDY DESIGN Micro-CT imaging with iodine contrast was combined with histological analysis to examine two different nerve conduits after in vivo nerve reconstruction in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sciatic nerve gaps in adult Lewis rats were reconstructed with poly(caprolactone) (PCL, 1.6 cm gap, 14-week survival) or silicone (1 cm gap, 6-week survival) conduits (N = 12 total). Conduits with regenerating tissues were imaged by micro-CT with iodine contrast and compared to the histology (hematoxylin and eosin, immunostaining for axons) of regenerated tissues after iodine removal. RESULTS PCL nerve conduits showed extensive breakage throughout their length, but all showed successful nerve growth through the conduits. The silicone conduits remained intact, although significant constriction was uniquely detected by micro-CT, with 1 of 6 animals showing incomplete tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Micro-CT with iodine contrast offers a unique and valuable means to determine 3D structural integrity of nerve conduits and nerve healing following reconstruction. Furthermore, this paper shows that even if conduit compression and degradation occur, nerve regeneration can still take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Pixley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.K.P., T.M.H.) Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Tracy M Hopkins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (S.K.P., T.M.H.) Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Kevin J Little
- Pediatric Hand and Upper Extremity Center (K.J.L.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - David B Hom
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.B.H.) University of Cincinnati School of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
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21
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Dencker F, Dreyer L, Müller D, Zernetsch H, Paasche G, Sindelar R, Glasmacher B. A silicone fiber coating as approach for the reduction of fibroblast growth on implant electrodes. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2574-2580. [PMID: 27701814 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In cochlear implant (CI) patients, an increase in electrode impedance due to fibrotic encapsulation is frequently observed. Several attempts have been proposed to reduce fibroblast growth at the electrode contacts, but none proved to be satisfactory so far. Here, a silicone fiber coating of the electrode contacts is presented that provides a complex micro-scale surface topography and increases hydrophobicity to inhibit fibroblast growth and adhesion. A silicone fiber electrospinning process was developed to create a thin and porous fiber mesh. Fiber coatings were applied on graphite specimen holders, glass cover slips and CI electrode contacts. For characterization of the coating's pore distribution, water contact angle and electrical impedance were analyzed. Cytotoxicity and in vitro fibroblast growth were evaluated to assess biological efficacy of the coatings. It could be shown that the silicone fiber mesh itself had only minor influence on electrode impedance. A uniform, hydrophobic fiber coating could be achieved that decreased fibroblast growth without showing toxic effects. Finally, CI electrode contacts were successfully coated in order to present this promising approach for a long-term improvement of CI electrodes. We are one of the first groups that could successfully adapt the electrospinning technique on the utilization of silicone. Silicone was chosen because of its high hydrophobicity, chemical stability and excellent biocompatibility and as it is one of the biomaterials already used in CIs. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2574-2580, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folke Dencker
- Department of Material Science, Faculty II, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Micro Production Technology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
| | - Lutz Dreyer
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
| | - Dietrich Müller
- Department of Material Science, Faculty II, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Zernetsch
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerrit Paasche
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Ralf Sindelar
- Department of Material Science, Faculty II, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hannover, Germany
| | - Birgit Glasmacher
- Institute for Multiphase Processes, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
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22
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Approaches to Peripheral Nerve Repair: Generations of Biomaterial Conduits Yielding to Replacing Autologous Nerve Grafts in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3856262. [PMID: 27556032 PMCID: PMC4983313 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3856262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical entity, which may arise due to traumatic, tumorous, or even iatrogenic injury in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Despite advances in biomaterials and techniques over the past several decades, reconstruction of nerve gaps remains a challenge. Autografts are the gold standard for nerve reconstruction. Using autografts, there is donor site morbidity, subsequent sensory deficit, and potential for neuroma development and infection. Moreover, the need for a second surgical site and limited availability of donor nerves remain a challenge. Thus, increasing efforts have been directed to develop artificial nerve guidance conduits (ANCs) as new methods to replace autografts in the future. Various synthetic conduit materials have been tested in vitro and in vivo, and several first- and second-generation conduits are FDA approved and available for purchase, while third-generation conduits still remain in experimental stages. This paper reviews the current treatment options, summarizes the published literature, and assesses future prospects for the repair of peripheral nerve injury in craniomaxillofacial surgery with a particular focus on facial nerve regeneration.
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23
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Efficient bridging of 20 mm rat sciatic nerve lesions with a longitudinally micro-structured collagen scaffold. Biomaterials 2016; 75:112-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Past, Present, and Future of Nerve Conduits in the Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:237507. [PMID: 26491662 PMCID: PMC4600484 DOI: 10.1155/2015/237507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
With significant advances in the research and application of nerve conduits, they have been used to repair peripheral nerve injury for several decades. Nerve conduits range from biological tubes to synthetic tubes, and from nondegradable tubes to biodegradable tubes. Researchers have explored hollow tubes, tubes filled with scaffolds containing neurotrophic factors, and those seeded with Schwann cells or stem cells. The therapeutic effect of nerve conduits is improving with increasing choice of conduit material, new construction of conduits, and the inclusion of neurotrophic factors and support cells in the conduits. Improvements in functional outcomes are expected when these are optimized for use in clinical practice.
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Abbasi N, Hashemi SM, Salehi M, Jahani H, Mowla SJ, Soleimani M, Hosseinkhani H. Influence of oriented nanofibrous PCL scaffolds on quantitative gene expression during neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:155-64. [PMID: 26255987 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells in combination with three-dimensional electrospun nanofibers as an artificial extracellular matrix can be utilized to reconstruct a spinal cord defect. In this study, random and parallel-aligned nanofibrous poly ɛ-caprolactone was fabricated using electrospinning. Its hydrophobicity was modified by O2 plasma treatment to facilitate enhanced cell attachment. Embryoid bodies (EBs), which contain all three embryonic germ layers, were cultured on poly ɛ-caprolactone scaffolds to study the effect of fiber orientation on cell morphology and differentiation. Cell morphology and neuron-specific gene and protein expressions were, respectively, evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunocytochemistry. Although two types of nanofibrous scaffolds showed neural marker expression at the protein level, cells on randomly oriented scaffolds showed short-range topographical guidance and stretched across multiple directions, whereas cells on the parallel scaffolds exhibited long extension with enhanced neuron outgrowth along the fiber, producing oriented extracellular matrix, leading to direct cell migration and nerve regeneration. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that both aligned and random electrospun nanofibers downregulated the precursor neural marker Nestin compared with that in the control group, a gelatin-coated tissue culture plate (T). Analysis also showed higher expression of dorso-ventral neural markers (Isl1/2 and Lim1/2) than motor neuron progenitor markers (Pax6, Nkx6.1, and olig2) in aligned nanofibers than in the T group. Moreover, aligned nanofibers showed higher expression of mature neural specific markers such as β-tub and Map2 than those in the randomly oriented scaffolds. Therefore, we conclude that nanofibers with different orientations can support the neural lineage, but aligned nanofibrous scaffolds are superior candidates to promote the advancement of neural precursors to achieve maturity during the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Abbasi
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Jahani
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
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