A Paternally Inherited BRCA1 Mutation Associated with an Unusual Aggressive Clinical Phenotype

A Novel BRCA1 Gene Mutation Detected With Breast Cancer in a Vietnamese Family by Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing: A Case Report

Hereditary breast cancer is an inherited genetic condition, mainly caused by BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. These genetic changes can increase the risks of breast and ovarian cancers in women, while prostate and breast cancers in men. Especially, mutations in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes take important roles in early-onset breast cancer. The present study focused on a 47-year-old Vietnamese woman with breast cancer by applying targeted next-generation sequencing technique. A novel BRCA1 gene mutation, namely NM_007294.3 (BRCA1): c.4998insA (p. Tyr1666Terfs), was identified both in this patient and in some of the members in her family proved the fact that the mutated genes passed down through generations. This change may exponentially initiate breast cancer risks and become a valuable marker for exact clinical prognosis and treatment.

Recent advances of therapeutic targets based on the molecular signature in breast cancer: genetic mutations and implications for current treatment paradigms

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women all over the world. Genetic background of women contributes to her risk of having breast cancer. Certain inherited DNA mutations can dramatically increase the risk of developing certain cancers and are responsible for many of the cancers that run in some families. Regarding the widespread multigene panels, whole exome sequencing is capable of providing the evaluation of genetic function mutations for development novel strategy in clinical trials. Targeting the mutant proteins involved in breast cancer can be an effective therapeutic approach for developing novel drugs. This systematic review discusses gene mutations linked to breast cancer, focusing on signaling pathways that are being targeted with investigational therapeutic strategies, where clinical trials could be potentially initiated in the future are being highlighted.

Cumulative BRCA mutation analysis in the Greek population confirms that homogenous ethnic background facilitates genetic testing

Screening for BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutations has long moved from the research lab to the clinic as a routine clinical genetic testing. BRCA molecular alteration pattern varies among ethnic groups which makes it already a less straightforward process to select the appropriate mutations for routine genetic testing on the basis of known clinical significance. The present report comprises an in depth literature review of the so far reported BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 molecular alterations in Greek families. Our analysis of Greek cumulative BRCA 1 and 2 molecular data, produced by several independent groups, confirmed that six recurrent deleterious mutations account for almost 60 % and 70 % of all BRCA 1 and 2 and BRCA 1 mutations, respectively. As a result, it makes more sense to perform BRCA mutation analysis in the clinic in two sequential steps, first conventional analysis for the six most prevalent pathogenic mutations and if none identified, a second step of New Generation Sequencing-based whole genome or whole exome sequencing would follow. Our suggested approach would enable more clinically meaningful, considerably easier and less expensive BRCA analysis in the Greek population which is considered homogenous.