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Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Rudert A, Geiken A, Tölle J, Mekhemar M, Dörfer CE. Toll-like receptor expression profile of stem/progenitor cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:607-614. [PMID: 37158295 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem/progenitor cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) show remarkable pluripotent, regenerative, and immunological capacities. During in vivo regenerative processes, there could be the presence of SHED in the surrounding inflammatory microenvironment, through toll-like receptors (TLRs). AIM The aim of this paper was to present a characteristic TLR expression profile on SHED for the first time. DESIGN Cells were harvested from extracted primary teeth (n = 10), anti-STRO-1 immunomagnetically sorted and cultivated, through colony-forming units (CFUs). SHED were examined for mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell traits, including the expression of clusters of differentiation (CDs) 14, 34, 45, 73, 90, 105, and 146, and their multilineage differentiation aptitude. TLRs 1-10 expression was investigated for SHED in uninflamed and inflamed (25 ng/mL IL-1β, 103 U/mL IFN-γ, 50 ng/mL TNF-α, and 3 × 103 U/mL IFN-α; SHED-i) microenvironmental conditions. RESULTS SHED were negative for CDs 14, 34, and 45, but were positive for CDs 73, 90, 105, and 146, and demonstrated characteristic multilineage differentiation. In an uninflamed microenvironment, SHED expressed TLRs 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, and 10. The inflammatory microenvironment downregulated TLR7 significantly on gene level and upregulated TLR8 on gene and protein levels (p < .05; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). CONCLUSION There appears to be a unique TLR expression profile on SHED, which could modulate their immunological and regenerative abilities in oral tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Fawzy El-Sayed
- Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology Department, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Antonia Rudert
- Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology Department, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Antje Geiken
- Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology Department, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Tölle
- Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology Department, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mohamed Mekhemar
- Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology Department, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christof E Dörfer
- Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology Department, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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Yuan SM, Yang XT, Zhang SY, Tian WD, Yang B. Therapeutic potential of dental pulp stem cells and their derivatives: Insights from basic research toward clinical applications. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:435-452. [PMID: 36157522 PMCID: PMC9350620 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i7.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For more than 20 years, researchers have isolated and identified postnatal dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) from different teeth, including natal teeth, exfoliated deciduous teeth, healthy teeth, and diseased teeth. Their mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like immunophenotypic characteristics, high proliferation rate, potential for multidirectional differentiation and biological features were demonstrated to be superior to those of bone marrow MSCs. In addition, several main application forms of DPSCs and their derivatives have been investigated, including stem cell injections, modified stem cells, stem cell sheets and stem cell spheroids. In vitro and in vivo administration of DPSCs and their derivatives exhibited beneficial effects in various disease models of different tissues and organs. Therefore, DPSCs and their derivatives are regarded as excellent candidates for stem cell-based tissue regeneration. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the potential application of DPSCs and their derivatives in the field of regenerative medicine. We describe the similarities and differences of DPSCs isolated from donors of different ages and health conditions. The methodologies for therapeutic administration of DPSCs and their derivatives are introduced, including single injections and the transplantation of the cells with a support, as cell sheets, or as cell spheroids. We also summarize the underlying mechanisms of the regenerative potential of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Meng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue-Ting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Si-Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei-Dong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Xiao M, Qian H, Lv J, Wang P. Advances in the Study of the Mechanisms of Physiological Root Resorption in Deciduous Teeth. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:850826. [PMID: 35433548 PMCID: PMC9005890 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.850826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth is a complex physiological process that is essential for the normal replacement of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth in clinical practice, but its importance is often overlooked due to the presence of permanent teeth. This physiological process includes not only the resorption of hard tissues of deciduous teeth, such as dentin and cementum, but also the elimination of soft tissues, such as pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL). However, the mechanisms of physiological root resorption are not yet clear. In this article, the advances of research on the mechanisms related to physiological root resorption will be reviewed in two main aspects: hard tissues and soft tissues of deciduous teeth, specifically in relation to the effects of inflammatory microenvironment and mechanical stress on the resorption of hard tissues, the repair of hard tissues, and the elimination and the histological events of soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manxue Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Qian
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Lv
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peixuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Influence of Dental Pulp Harvesting Method on the Viability and Differentiation Capacity of Adult Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9952401. [PMID: 34239574 PMCID: PMC8238610 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9952401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare two pulp harvesting methods for stem cell expansion, namely, conservative pulpotomy and pulpectomy from exodontia. Method Ten freshly extracted sound third molars from five patients were selected. Five were used in the control group, where pulp harvesting was performed by exodontia and the remaining teeth were used in the test group, where the pulp was harvested by conservative pulpotomy (preserving the tooth). This was a split-mouth design study, where a third molar from one side was randomly allocated into the test group and the contralateral tooth in the control group. After pulp harvesting, the following evaluations were performed: cell morphology, sterility test, immunophenotyping, differentiation assays, first pass live cell counts, time to cryopreservation, and total number of expanded cells at the end of the fourth pass. Results Regarding morphology, the cells from both groups presented a fibroblastic phenotype. All samples were sterile. Immunophenotyping demonstrated a positive expression for CD105, CD90, and CD73 and negative expression for CD45 in both groups. Differentiation assays were positive for osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in both groups. Regarding live cell counts in the first passage, the control group had 95.8% live cells in the total count and the test group 91.2% (p < 0.05). The time required for cryopreservation was equivalent in both groups 51.6 days and 52.6 days, respectively (p > 0.05). The total number of cells at the end of the fourth passage was 5,286,782 and 5,736,862, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that adult stem cell harvesting from conservative pulpotomy is as effective as the traditional exodontia-based method.
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Oral stem cells in intraoral bone formation. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Diao S, Yang H, Cao Y, Yang D, Fan Z. IGF2 enhanced the osteo-/dentinogenic and neurogenic differentiation potentials of stem cells from apical papilla. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 47 Suppl 1:55-65. [PMID: 31291686 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In dental tissue engineering, niche is important for maintaining stem cell function and regenerating the dental tissues. However, there is limited knowledge for the growth factors in niche to maintain the function of stem cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of IGF2, a growth factor in stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) niche, on differentiation and proliferation potentials of SCAPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Recombinant human IGF2 protein (rhIGF2) was used. Cell counting kit-8 assay, Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red staining, quantitative calcium analysis, immunofluorescence staining and real-time RT-PCR were performed to investigate the cell proliferation and differentiation potentials of SCAPs. And proteomic analysis was used to identify the differential secreted proteins. RESULTS By ALP activity assay, we found that 5 ng/mL rhIGF2 might be the optimal concentration for treatment. Then, Alizarin Red staining, quantitative calcium analysis and osteogenesis-related gene expression results showed that 5 ng/mL rhIGF2 could enhance the osteo-/dentinogenic differentiation potentials in SCAPs. Immunofluorescence staining and real-time RT-PCR results showed that neurogenic markers were significantly induced by 5 ng/mL rhIGF2 in SCAPs. Then, CCK-8 assay and CFSE assay results showed that 5 ng/mL rhIGF2 could enhance the cell proliferation in SCAPs. Furthermore, proteomic analysis showed that IGF2 could induce some secreted proteins which function related to the osteogenesis, neurogenesis and cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Our results identified that IGF2 might be the potential mediator in niche to promote SCAP function and dental tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Diao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatric dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatric dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Kumar A, Kumar V, Rattan V, Jha V, Bhattacharyya S. Secretome proteins regulate comparative osteogenic and adipogenic potential in bone marrow and dental stem cells. Biochimie 2018; 155:129-139. [PMID: 30367923 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental stem cells (DMSC) have been studied extensively since their early discovery. However, the data regarding osteogenic potential of DMSC with other cell types is sparse and the secretome proteins underlying these differences have not been explored. In this study, we have compared the osteogenic and adipogenic potential of DMSC with Bone Marrow Stem cells (BMSC) and reported the contribution of secretome proteins in controlling their differentiation. METHODS Osteogenic potential of these stem cells was compared by mineralization assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, immunofluorescence of dentine sialo phosphoprotein (DSPP) & qPCR for osteogenic genes. Adipogenic potential was compared by Oil Red O staining and qPCR for PPAR-γ, leptin & adipsin. Proteomic analysis of secretome was performed by employing WATERS nano Lc-MS/MS system. RESULTS We observed a higher osteogenic potential in DMSC, especially dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) as compared to BMSC population but adipogenic potential was found to be better in BMSC as compared to DMSC. Deeper investigations into secretome of these cells by Lc-MS/MS revealed the presence of proteins pertaining to osteogenic and adipogenic lineage. Presence of some important proteins regulating osteogenic (DSPP, BMP7, DDR2, USP9X) and adipogenic differentiation (NCOA2, PEG10, LPA) in secretome of BMSC and DMSC reflected the role of paracrine factors during differentiation. CONCLUSION Our study provides first evidence regarding regulation of osteogenic/adipogenic potential by secretome proteins in DMSC and BMSC. DMSC especially DPSC and its secretome show an inherent tendency for higher osteogenic differentiation and lower adipogenic differentiation, these may be potential candidates for effective future therapy in osteoporosis where disturbance of osteocyte/adipocyte homeostasis is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vidya Rattan
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Science Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivekananda Jha
- Department of Nephrology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; The George Institute for Global Health, India
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Kunimatsu R, Nakajima K, Awada T, Tsuka Y, Abe T, Ando K, Hiraki T, Kimura A, Tanimoto K. Comparative characterization of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, dental pulp, and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:193-198. [PMID: 29730288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used clinically in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potential of MSCs vary according to factors such as tissue source and cell population heterogeneity. Dental tissue has received attention as an easily accessible source of high-quality stem cells. In this study, we compared the in vitro characteristics of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth (SHED), human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS SEHD and hDPSCs were isolated from dental pulp and analyzed in comparison with human bone marrow (hBM)MSCs. Proliferative capacity of cultured cells was analyzed using a bromodeoxyuridine immunoassay and cell counting. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were monitored to assess osteogenic differentiation. Mineralization was evaluated by alizarin red staining. Levels of bone marker mRNA were examined by real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS SHED were highly proliferative compared with hDPSCs and hBMSCs. SHED, hDPSCs, and hBMSCs exhibited dark alizarin red staining on day 21 after induction of osteogenic differentiation, and staining of hBMSCs was significantly higher than that of SHED and hDPSCs by spectrophotometry. ALP staining was stronger in hBMSCs compared with SHED and hDPSCs, and ALP activity was significantly higher in hBMSCs compared with SHED or hDPSCs. SHED showed significantly higher expression of the Runx2 and ALP genes compared with hBMSCs, based on real-time PCR analysis. In bFGF, SHED showed significantly higher expression of the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene compared with hDPSCs and hBMSCs. CONCLUSION SHED exhibited higher proliferative activity and levels of bFGF and BMP-2 gene expression compared with BMMSCs and DPSCs. The ease of harvesting cells and ability to avoid invasive surgical procedures suggest that SHED may be a useful cell source for application in bone regeneration treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kunimatsu
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Kengo Nakajima
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Awada
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsuka
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takaharu Abe
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Ando
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hiraki
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aya Kimura
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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Soancă A, Lupse M, Moldovan M, Pall E, Cenariu M, Roman A, Tudoran O, Surlin P, Șorițău O. Applications of inflammation-derived gingival stem cells for testing the biocompatibility of dental restorative biomaterials. Ann Anat 2018; 218:28-39. [PMID: 29604386 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal or inflamed gingival tissues are regarded as a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) abundant and easily accessible through minimally invasive dental procedures. Due to the proximity of dental resin composites to gingival tissues and to the possible local cytotoxic effect of the eluted components, gingiva-derived MSCs could be used to investigate the biocompatibility of dental biomaterials. PURPOSE The present research aimed to isolate (MSCs) from inflamed and normal gingiva, to fully characterize them and to observe their behavior in relation with some commercial resin composite materials and one experimental material. MATERIAL AND METHODS Following their isolation, putative MSCs from both gingival sources were grown under the same culture conditions and characterized by immunophenotyping of cell surface antigens by flow-cytometry and transcription factors by immunocytochemical staining. Moreover, stemness gene expression was evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. Multipotent mesenchymal differentiation potential was investigated. Osteogenic and neurogenic differentiated cells were highlighted by immunocytochemical staining, chondrogenic cells by cytochemical staining, and adipocytes by cytochemical staining and spectrophotometry, respectively. Resin composite cytotoxicity was evaluated by cell membrane fluorescent labeling with PKH 26 and MTT assay. The results of PKH labeling were statistically analysed using two-way RM ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests. For MTT assay, two-way RM ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests and unpaired t test with Welch's correction were used. RESULTS A similar expression pattern of surface markers was observed. The cells were positive for CD105, CD73, CD90, CD49e, CD29, CD44 and CD166 and negative for CD45, CD34, CD14, CD79, HLA-DR and CD117 indicating a mesenchymal stem cell phenotype. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed a low gene expression for NOG, BMP4 and Oct3/4 and an increased expression for Nanog in both cells lines. Immunocytochemical analysis highlighted a more intense protein expression for Nanog, Oct3/4 and Sox-2 in MSCs derived from normal gingiva than from inflamed gingiva. Multipotent differentiation capacity of MSCs isolated from both sources was highlighted. The tested materials had no hazardous effect on MSCs as the two cell lines developed well onto resin composite substrates. Cell counting revealed some significant differences in the number of PKH-labeled MSCs at some experimental moments. Also, some differences in cell viability were recorded indicating better developmental conditions offered by some of the tested biomaterials. CONCLUSIONS The experimental resin composite behaved like the most biocompatible commercial material. Inflamed gingiva-derived MSCs retain their stem cell properties and could be used as a valuable cell line for testing dental biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 V. Babeş St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - M Lupse
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Iuliu Moldovan St., 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - M Moldovan
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - E Pall
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - M Cenariu
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 V. Babeş St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - O Tudoran
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - P Surlin
- Department of Periodontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Petru Rareş St., 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - O Șorițău
- Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Porntaveetus T, Osathanon T, Nowwarote N, Pavasant P, Srichomthong C, Suphapeetiporn K, Shotelersuk V. Dental properties, ultrastructure, and pulp cells associated with a novel DSPP
mutation. Oral Dis 2018; 24:619-627. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Porntaveetus
- Craniofacial Genetics and Stem Cells Research Group; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - T Osathanon
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit and Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - N Nowwarote
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit and Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - P Pavasant
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit and Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - C Srichomthong
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics; Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medicine; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Excellence Center for Medical Genetics; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; the Thai Red Cross Society; Bangkok Thailand
| | - K Suphapeetiporn
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics; Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medicine; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Excellence Center for Medical Genetics; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; the Thai Red Cross Society; Bangkok Thailand
| | - V Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics; Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medicine; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Excellence Center for Medical Genetics; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; the Thai Red Cross Society; Bangkok Thailand
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Li J, Padwa BL, Zhou S, Mullokandova J, LeBoff MS, Glowacki J. Synergistic effect of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and 17β-estradiol on osteoblast differentiation of pediatric MSCs. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 177:103-108. [PMID: 28765038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is essential for mineral homeostasis and contributes to bone metabolism by stimulating osteoblast differentiation of marrow stromal cells (MSCs). In this study, we used MSCs from pre-pubertal girls and boys to test the hypothesis that 1α,25(OH)2D and 17β-estradiol have synergistic effects on these MSCs, and what mechanism is involved. With IRB approval, we isolated MSCs from discarded excess iliac marrow graft from children undergoing alveolar cleft repair. Plasma was available from 8 female (9.3±0.2years) and 8 male (9.6±0.1years) subjects for hormone assays [25(OH)D, total testosterone, 17β-estradiol, estrone, DHEA-S, Growth Hormone, IGF-I]. RT-PCR was used for gene expression. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was used to measure osteoblast differentiation at day 7; alizarin red was used to measure matrix mineralization at day 21. All subjects were pre-pubertal based on their hormone levels. Serum 25(OH)D levels ranged from 13.1 to 26.4ng/mL, with 75% below 20ng/mL. Constitutive gene expression of VDR and ERα, β varied from subject to subject with no association with sex or serum chemistries. In osteoblastogenic medium, 1α,25(OH)2D3 (10nM) increased ALP activity by 36% (p<0.05) in MSCs; 10nM of E2 was not stimulatory but the combination of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and E2 increased ALP 151% (p<0.05 vs. control) and by 84.5% (p<0.05 vs. 1α,25(OH)2D3 alone). The combination of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and E2 significantly increased mineralization 11-fold, compared with either agent alone. Twenty-four hour treatment with 1α,25(OH)2D3 (10nM) or E2 (10nM) upregulated each other's receptor by as much as 5.8-fold for ERα and 2.9-fold for the VDR. In summary, 1α,25(OH)2D3 stimulated osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization with MSCs from pre-pubertal subjects, with a synergistic effect of E2, mediated by upregulated receptor levels, at least in part. These studies add new information about the regulation of human osteoblast differentiation, effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and E2 on MSCs, and the importance of vitamin D for skeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bonnie L Padwa
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia Mullokandova
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meryl S LeBoff
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie Glowacki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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In Vitro Cultivation, Characterization and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth on 3D Printed Polylactic Acid Scaffolds. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.55593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Alkharobi H, Beattie J, Meade J, Devine D, El-Gendy R. Dental Pulp Cells Isolated from Teeth with Superficial Caries Retain an Inflammatory Phenotype and Display an Enhanced Matrix Mineralization Potential. Front Physiol 2017; 8:244. [PMID: 28503150 PMCID: PMC5408163 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have isolated dental pulp cells (DPCs) from three healthy (hDPCs) and three carious (cDPCs) donors and shown that compared to hDPCs cells isolated from superficial carious lesions show higher clonogenic potential; show an equivalent proportion of cells with putative stem cell surface markers; show enhanced matrix mineralization capability; have enhanced angiogenic marker expression and retain the inflammatory phenotype in vitro characteristic of superficial caries lesions in vivo. Our findings suggest that cDPCs may be used for further investigation of the cross talk between inflammatory, angiogenic and mineralization pathways in repair of carious pulp. In addition cells derived from carious pulps (almost always discarded) may have potential for future applications in mineralized tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Alkharobi
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK.,Department Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - James Beattie
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Josie Meade
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Deirdre Devine
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Reem El-Gendy
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK.,Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityIsmailia, Egypt
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14
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Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Deciduous Teeth Pulp. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2851906. [PMID: 28377925 PMCID: PMC5362703 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2851906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify predictors of success rate of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) isolation from human deciduous teeth pulp. A total of 161 deciduous teeth were extracted at the dental clinic of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. The MSCs were isolated from dental pulps using a standard protocol. In total, 128 colonies of MSCs were obtained and the success rate was 79.5%. Compared to teeth not yielding MSCs successfully, those successfully yielding MSCs were found to have less severe dental caries (no/mild-to-moderate/severe: 63.3/24.2/12.5% versus 12.5/42.4/42.4%, P < 0.001) and less frequent pulpitis (no/yes: 95.3/4.7% versus 51.5/48.5%, P < 0.001). In a multivariate regression model, it was confirmed that the absence of dental caries (OR = 4.741, 95% CI = 1.564–14.371, P = 0.006) and pulpitis (OR = 9.111, 95% CI = 2.921–28.420, P < 0.001) was significant determinants of the successful procurement of MSCs. MSCs derived from pulps with pulpitis expressed longer colony doubling time than pulps without pulpitis. Furthermore, there were higher expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin- (IL-) 6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein- (MCP-) 1, P < 0.01, and innate immune response [toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and TLR8, P < 0.05; TLR2, TLR3, and TLR6, P < 0.01] in the inflamed than noninflamed pulps. Therefore, a carious deciduous tooth or tooth with pulpitis was relatively unsuitable for MSC processing and isolation.
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15
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Louvrier A, Euvrard E, Nicod L, Rolin G, Gindraux F, Pazart L, Houdayer C, Risold PY, Meyer F, Meyer C. Odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells from healthy and carious teeth on an original PCL-based 3D scaffold. Int Endod J 2017; 51 Suppl 4:e252-e263. [PMID: 28109162 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To isolate and characterize dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) obtained from carious and healthy mature teeth extracted when conservative treatment was not possible or for orthodontic reasons; to evaluate the ability of DPSCs to colonize, proliferate and differentiate into functional odontoblast-like cells when cultured onto a polycaprolactone cone made by jet-spraying and prototyped into a design similar to a gutta-percha cone. METHODOLOGY DPSCs were obtained from nine carious and 12 healthy mature teeth. Then cells were characterized by flow cytometry and submitted to multidifferentiation to confirm their multipotency. These DPSCs were then cultured on a polycaprolactone cone in an odontoblastic differentiation medium. Cell proliferation, colonization of the biomaterial and functional differentiation of cells were histologically assessed. For the characterization, a t-Student test was used to compare the two groups. RESULTS In all cell cultures, characterization highlighted a mesenchymal stem cell phenotype (CD105+, CD90+, CD73+, CD11b-, CD34-, CD45-, HLA-DR-). No significant differences were found between cultures obtained from carious and healthy mature teeth. DPSCs from both origins were able to differentiate into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. Cell colonization was observed both on the surface and in the thickness of polycaprolactone cones as well as a mineralized pericellular matrix deposit composed of type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and dentin sialophosphoprotein. CONCLUSIONS DPSCs were isolated from both carious and healthy mature teeth. They were able to colonize and proliferate within a polycaprolactone cone and could be differentiated into functional odontoblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Louvrier
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Stomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - E Euvrard
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Stomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - L Nicod
- Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - G Rolin
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon, INSERM 1431, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - F Gindraux
- Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et Plastique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - L Pazart
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon, INSERM 1431, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - C Houdayer
- Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, EA3922, UFR ST, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - P Y Risold
- Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, EA3922, UFR ST, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - F Meyer
- Inserm UMR 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut Hospitalo Universitaire, Pôle de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Meyer
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Stomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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16
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Current Advance and Future Prospects of Tissue Engineering Approach to Dentin/Pulp Regenerative Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9204574. [PMID: 27069484 PMCID: PMC4812497 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9204574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in biomaterial science and tissue engineering technology have greatly spurred the development of regenerative endodontics. This has led to a paradigm shift in endodontic treatment from simply filling the root canal systems with biologically inert materials to restoring the infected dental pulp with functional replacement tissues. Currently, cell transplantation has gained increasing attention as a scientifically valid method for dentin-pulp complex regeneration. This multidisciplinary approach which involves the interplay of three key elements of tissue engineering—stem cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules—has produced an impressive number of favorable outcomes in preclinical animal studies. Nevertheless, many practical hurdles need to be overcome prior to its application in clinical settings. Apart from the potential health risks of immunological rejection and pathogenic transmission, the lack of a well-established banking system for the isolation and storage of dental-derived stem cells is the most pressing issue that awaits resolution and the properties of supportive scaffold materials vary across different studies and remain inconsistent. This review critically examines the classic triad of tissue engineering utilized in current regenerative endodontics and summarizes the possible techniques developed for dentin/pulp regeneration.
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17
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Gnanasegaran N, Govindasamy V, Abu Kasim NH. Differentiation of stem cells derived from carious teeth into dopaminergic-like cells. Int Endod J 2015; 49:937-49. [PMID: 26354006 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether dental pulp stem cells from carious teeth (DPSCs-CT) can differentiate into functional dopaminergic-like (DAergic) cells and provide an alternative cell source in regenerative medicine. METHODOLOGY Dental pulp stem cells from healthy (DPSCs) and carious teeth (DPSCs-CT) were isolated from young donors. Both cell lines were expanded in identical culture conditions and subsequently differentiated towards DAergic-like cells using pre-defined dopaminergic cocktails. The dopaminergic efficiencies were evaluated both at gene and protein as well as at secretome levels. RESULTS The efficiency of DPSCs-CT to differentiate into DAergic-like cells was not equivalent to that of DPSCs. This was further reflected in both gene and protein generation whereby key neuronal markers such as nestin, NURR1 and beta-III-tubulin were expressed significantly lower as compared to differentiated DPSCs (P < 0.05). In addition, expressions of transcriptomes related to neurogenesis revealed downregulation of more than 50% of the genes as compared to differentiated DPSC (P < 0.05). Amongst the notable genes were those from the transcription factors family (FLNA, MEF2C, NEUROG2), signalling pathway family (DLL1, Notch1, TGF-β1), neuro-inducer family (BDNF) and cell communication family (APBB1). CONCLUSIONS DPSCs-CT were able to differentiate into DAergic-like cells but not as efficiently as DPSCs. As such, prior to use in regenerative medicine, stem cells from any source should be thoroughly investigated beyond conventional benchmarks such as that proposed by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gnanasegaran
- GMP-compliant stem cells laboratory, Hygieia Innovation, Persiaran Seri Perdana, Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Putrajaya, Malaysia.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - V Govindasamy
- GMP-compliant stem cells laboratory, Hygieia Innovation, Persiaran Seri Perdana, Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
| | - N H Abu Kasim
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Páll E, Florea A, Soriţău O, Cenariu M, Petruţiu AS, Roman A. Comparative Assessment of Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Healthy and Diseased Tissues. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:1249-1263. [PMID: 26315895 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615014749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to isolate human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from palatal connective and periodontal granulation tissues and to comparatively evaluate their properties. MSCs were isolated using the explant culture method. Adherence to plastic, specific antigen makeup, multipotent differentiation potential, functionality, and ultrastructural characteristics were investigated. The frequency of colony-forming unit fibroblasts for palatal-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) was significantly higher than that of granulation tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (gtMSCs). A significantly higher population doubling time and lower migration potential were recorded for gtMSCs than for pMSCs. Both cell lines were positive for CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44, and CD49f, and negative for CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR, but the level of expression was different. MSCs from both sources were relatively uniform in their ultrastructure. Generally, both cell lines possessed a large, irregular-shaped euchromatic nucleus, and cytoplasm rich in mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. The periphery of the plasma membrane displayed many small filopodia. MSCs from both cell lines were successfully differentiated into osteogenic, adiopogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Both healthy and diseased tissues may be considered as valuable sources of MSCs for regenerative medicine owing to the high acceptance and fewer complications during harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emöke Páll
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- 3Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,6 L. Pasteur St.,400349 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Olga Soriţău
- 4Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology,Prof. Dr. "Ion Chiricuţă" Oncology Institute,34-36 I. Creangă St.,400015 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian S Petruţiu
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
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19
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Roman A, Páll E, Mihu CM, Petruţiu AS, Barbu-Tudoran L, Câmpian RS, Florea A, Georgiu C. Tracing CD34+ Stromal Fibroblasts in Palatal Mucosa and Periodontal Granulation Tissue as a Possible Cell Reservoir for Periodontal Regeneration. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:837-848. [PMID: 26040442 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615000598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to trace CD34+ stromal fibroblastic cells (CD34+ SFCs) in the palatal connective tissue harvested for muco-gingival surgical procedures and in granulation tissues from periodontal pockets using immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical analysis targeted the presence of three antigens: CD31, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and CD34. In the palate, CD31 staining revealed a colored inner ring of the vessels representing the endothelium, α-SMA+ was located in the medial layer of the vasculature, and CD34 was intensely expressed by endothelial cells and artery adventitial cells (considered to be CD34+ SFCs). Granulation tissue showed the same pattern for CD31+ and α-SMA, but a different staining pattern for CD34. Ultrastructural examination of the palatal tissue highlighted perivascular cells with fibroblast-like characteristics and pericytes in close spatial relationship to endothelial cells. The ultrastructural evaluation of granulation tissue sections confirmed the presence of neovasculature and the inflammatory nature of this tissue. The present study traced the presence of CD34+ SFCs and of pericytes in the palatal connective tissue thus highlighting once more its intrinsic regenerative capabilities. The clinical and systemic factors triggering mobilization and influencing the fate of local CD34+SCFs and other progenitors are issues to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Roman
- 1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş Street,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Emőke Páll
- 1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş Street,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Carmen M Mihu
- 3Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,6 L. Pasteur Street,400349 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian S Petruţiu
- 1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş Street,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu-Tudoran
- 4Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Biology and Geology,Babeş-Bolyai University,5-7 Clinicilor Street,400006 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Radu S Câmpian
- 5Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş Street,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- 6Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,6 L. Pasteur Street,400349 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Carmen Georgiu
- 7Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine,Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy,8 V. Babeş Street,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
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20
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Zaganescu R, Barbu Tudoran L, Pall E, Florea A, Roman A, Soanca A, Mihaela Mihu C. Ultrastructural evaluation of mesenchymal stem cells from inflamed periodontium in different in vitro conditions. Microsc Res Tech 2015; 78:792-800. [PMID: 26179176 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to observe the behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from periodontal granulation tissue (gt) when manipulated ex vivo to induce three-dimensional (3D) spheroid (aggregates) formation as well as when seeded on two bone scaffolds of animal origin. Periodontal gt was chosen as a MSC source because of its availability, considering that it is eliminated as a waste material during conventional surgical therapies. 3D aggregates of cells were generated; they were grown for 3 and 7 days, respectively, and then prepared for transmission electron microscopic analysis. The two biomaterials were seeded for 72 h with gtMSCs and prepared for scanning electronic microscopic observation. The ultrastructural analysis of 3D spheroids remarked some differences between the inner and the outer cell layers, with a certain commitment observed at the inner cells. Both scaffolds showed a relatively smooth surface at low magnification. Macro- and micropores having a scarce distribution were observed on both bone substitutes. gtMSCs grew with relative difficulty on the biomaterials. After 72 h of proliferation, gtMSCs scarcely covered the surface of bovine bone scaffolds, demonstrating fibroblast-like or star-like shapes with elongated filiform extensions. Our results add other data on the possible usefulness of gtMSC and could question the current paradigm regarding the complete removal of chronically inflamed gts from the defects during periodontal surgeries. Until optimal protocols for ex vivo manipulation of MSCs are available for clinical settings, it is advisable to use biocompatible bone substitutes that allow the development of progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Zaganescu
- Student, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu Tudoran
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, 400006, Romania
| | - Emoke Pall
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania
| | - Andrada Soanca
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400012, Romania
| | - Carmen Mihaela Mihu
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
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21
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Octanoate in Human Albumin Preparations Is Detrimental to Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Culture. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:192576. [PMID: 26074972 PMCID: PMC4444585 DOI: 10.1155/2015/192576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies hold great promise as the next major advance in medical treatment. To enable safe, effective ex vivo culture whilst maintaining cell phenotype, growth media constituents must be carefully controlled. We have used a chemically defined mesenchymal stromal cell culture medium to investigate the influence of different preparations of human serum albumin. We examined two aspects of cell culture, growth rate as measured by population doubling time and colony forming ability which is a representative measure of the stemness of the cell population. Albumin preparations showed comparative differences in both of these criteria. Analysis of the albumin bound fatty acids also showed differences depending on the manufacturing procedure used. We demonstrated that octanoate, an additive used to stabilize albumin during pasteurization, slows growth and lowers colony forming ability during ex vivo culture. Further to this we also found the level of Na+/K+ ATPase, a membrane bound cation pump inhibited by octanoate, is increased in cells exposed to this compound. We conclude that the inclusion of human serum albumin in ex vivo growth media requires careful consideration of not only the source of albumin, but also the associated molecular cargo, for optimal cell growth and behavior.
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22
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Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review Using Modified ARRIVE and CONSORT Guidelines. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:378368. [PMID: 26106427 PMCID: PMC4464683 DOI: 10.1155/2015/378368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective. Dental stem cell-based tissue engineered constructs are emerging as a promising alternative to autologous bone transfer for treating bone defects. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies which have evaluated the efficacy of dental stem cells on bone regeneration. Methods. A literature search was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to October 2014. Implantation of dental stem cells in animal models for evaluating bone regeneration and/or in vitro studies demonstrating osteogenic potential of dental stem cells were included. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to ensure the quality of the search. Modified ARRIVE (Animal research: reporting in invivo experiments) and CONSORT (Consolidated reporting of trials) were used to critically analyze the selected studies. Results. From 1914 citations, 207 full-text articles were screened and 137 studies were included in this review. Because of the heterogeneity observed in the studies selected, meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate the potential use of dental stem cells in bone regeneration. However well-designed randomized animal trials are needed before moving into clinical trials.
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Werle SB, Lindemann D, Steffens D, Demarco FF, de Araujo FB, Pranke P, Casagrande L. Carious deciduous teeth are a potential source for dental pulp stem cells. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:75-81. [PMID: 25898896 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study are to isolate, cultivate, and characterize stem cells from the pulp of carious deciduous teeth (SCCD) and compare them to those retrieved from sound deciduous teeth (SHED--stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cells were obtained of dental pulp collected from sound (n = 10) and carious (n = 10) deciduous human teeth. Rate of isolation, proliferation assay (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days), STRO-1, mesenchymal (CD29, CD73, and CD90) and hematopoietic surface marker expression (CD14, CD34, CD45, HLA-DR), and differentiation capacity were evaluated. RESULTS Isolation success rates were 70 and 80 % from the carious and sound groups, respectively. SCCD and SHED presented similar proliferation rate. There were no statistical differences between the groups for the tested surface markers. The cells from sound and carious deciduous teeth were positive for CD29, CD73, and CD90 and negative for CD14, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR and were capable of differentiating into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. CONCLUSION SCCD demonstrated a similar pattern of proliferation, immunophenotypical characteristics, and differentiation ability as those obtained from sound deciduous teeth. These SCCD represent a feasible source of stem cells. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Decayed deciduous teeth have been usually discarded once the pulp tissue could be damaged and the activity of stem cells compromised. These findings show that stem cells from carious deciduous teeth can be applicable source for cell-based therapies in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Bressan Werle
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniele Lindemann
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela Steffens
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Department of Operatory Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fernando Borba de Araujo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Pranke
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Head of Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciano Casagrande
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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