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Alinezhad‐Namaghi M, Eslami S, Nematy M, Rezvani R, Khoshnasab A, Bonakdaran S, Philippou E, Norouzy A. Association of time-restricted feeding, arterial age, and arterial stiffness in adults with metabolic syndrome. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1385. [PMID: 37408869 PMCID: PMC10318230 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a kind of intermittent fasting defined as eating and drinking only during a certain number of hours in a day. It has been suggested that intermittent fasting may improve cardiovascular risk factors. This study evaluated the association of TRF and arterial stiffness, using pulse wave velocity (PWV), pulse wave analysis, and arterial age in metabolic syndrome participants. Methods A cohort study was carried out among metabolic syndrome adults who were followed over the Ramadan fasting period (used as a model of TRF since food was only allowed for about 8 h/day). The subjects were divided into Ramadan fasting and Ramadan nonfasting groups. The aortic PWV and central aortic pressure waveform were measured. Central systolic pressure, central pulse pressure, and indices of arterial compliance, such as augmentation pressure and augmentation index (AIx), were determined from waveform analysis. Results Ninety-five adults (31.57% female, age: 45.46 ± 9.10 years) with metabolic syndrome (based on the International Diabetes Federation definition) participated in this study. Ramadan fasting and Ramadan nonfasting groups were including 80 and 15 individuals respectively. A significant reduction was seen in PWV (0.29 m/s), central systolic pressure (4.03 mmHg), central pulse pressure (2.43 mmHg), central augmentation pressure (1.88 mmHg), and central AIx (2.47) in the Ramadan fasting group (p = 0.014, p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.003, and p = 0.036 respectively). There were no significant changes in these indices among the Ramadan nonfasting group. Conclusions This study suggested that TRF reduces arterial age and improves arterial stiffness among people with metabolic syndrome. This might be considered a beneficial nutrition strategy for extending healthspan (and perhaps longevity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alinezhad‐Namaghi
- International UNESCO Center for Health‐Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Saeid Eslami
- Pharmaceutical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Reza Rezvani
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Adeleh Khoshnasab
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Shokoofeh Bonakdaran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Elena Philippou
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of NicosiaCyprus
- Department of Nutritional SciencesKing's CollegeLondonUK
| | - Abdolreza Norouzy
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Effects of sartans and low-dose statins on cerebral white matter hyperintensities and cognitive function in older patients with hypertension: a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Hypertens Res 2018; 42:717-729. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Šabovič M, Petrovič D. The Effect of Drugs and Genetic Factors on the Development and Progression of the Atherosclerotic Process. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2018; 17:3-5. [PMID: 30474522 DOI: 10.2174/157016111701181101092855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mišo Šabovič
- Department of Vascular Diseases Ljubljana University Medical Center Zaloska cesta 7 SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daniel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Lunder M, Janić M, Šabovič M. Prevention of Vascular Complications in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Focus on the Arterial Wall. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2018; 17:6-15. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180206113755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In Diabetes Mellitus (DM), hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance progressively lead to both
microvascular and macrovascular complications. Whereas the incidence of microvascular complications
is closely related to tight glycaemic control, this does not apply to macrovascular complications. Hyperglycaemia
influences many interweaving molecular pathways that initially lead to increased oxidative
stress, increased inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. The latter represents the initial in both types
of vascular complications; it represents the “obligatory damage” in microvascular complications development
and only “introductory damage” in macrovascular complications development. Other risk factors,
such as arterial hypertension and dyslipidaemia, also play an important role in the progression of
macrovascular complications. All these effects accumulate and lead to functional and structural arterial
wall damage. In the end, all factors combined lead to the promotion of atherosclerosis and consequently
major adverse cardiovascular events. If we accept the pivotal role of vascular wall impairment in the
pathogenesis and progression of microvascular and macrovascular complications, treatment focused
directly on the arterial wall should be one of the priorities in prevention of vascular complications in
patients with DM. In this review, an innovative approach aimed at improving arterial wall dysfunction is
described, which may show efficacy in clinical studies. In addition, the potential protective effects of
current treatment approaches targeting the arterial wall are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Lunder
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 7; SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miodrag Janić
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 7; SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mišo Šabovič
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 7; SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Ji T, Zhao Y, Wang J, Cui Y, Duan D, Chai Q, Zhang H, Liu Z. Effect of Low-Dose Statins and Apolipoprotein E Genotype on Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Older Hypertensive Patients: A Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2018; 19:995-1002.e4. [PMID: 30006015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of low-dose statins and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes on cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) to prevent CSVD in older hypertensive patients. DESIGN A subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial. SETTING Shandong area, China. PARTICIPANTS Hypertensive patients aged ≥60 years were recruited from April 2008 to November 2010. MEASUREMENTS Patients were randomly assigned to rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) or placebo groups. APOE genotypes were categorized as ε4 carriers and non-ε4 carriers. White matter hyperintensities (WMH), Fazekas scale, lacunes, and microbleeds were assessed. RESULTS After an average of intervention period of 61.8 months, WMH volume increased 1.45 ± 0.52 mL. There were 107 new-incident Fazekas scale ≥2, 65 new-incident lacunes, and 63 new-incident microbleeds. The increase in WMH volume was significantly lower in the rosuvastatin group than in the placebo group and was higher in APOE ε4 carriers than in non-ε4 carriers (all adjusted P < .001). The risk of new-incident Fazekas scale ≥2 was higher in the placebo group than in the rosuvastatin group (hazard ratio 2.150, 95% confidence interval 1.443-3.203; P < .001). APOE ε4 carriers were associated with an increased risk of new-incident Fazekas scale ≥2 compared with non-ε4 carriers (hazard ratio 1.973, 95% confidence interval 1.334-2.920; P = .001). There were no statistically significant differences in the risk of new-incident cerebral microbleeds between the rosuvastatin and placebo groups or between APOE ε4 carriers and non-ε4 carriers. There were no significant interactions between rosuvastatin use and APOE ε4 status regarding increased WMH volume (F = 1.020, P = .313) or for new-incident Fazekas scale ≥2 (P = .377), lacunes (P = .232), and microbleeds (P = .362). CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS Low-dose rosuvastatin is an effective and safe therapy for CSVD. The presence of APOE ε4 allele may not be able to predict rosuvastatin treatment outcomes for preventing and/or treating CSVD in older hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ji
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhangqiu, Shandong, China; Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Duan
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Chai
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Miteva K, Madonna R, De Caterina R, Van Linthout S. Innate and adaptive immunity in atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 107:S1537-1891(17)30464-0. [PMID: 29684642 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the large and medium-size arteries characterized by the subendothelial accumulation of cholesterol, immune cells, and extracellular matrix. At the early onset of atherogenesis, endothelial dysfunction takes place. Atherogenesis is further triggered by the accumulation of cholesterol-carrying low-density lipoproteins, which acquire properties of damage-associated molecular patterns and thereby trigger an inflammatory response. Following activation of the innate immune response, mainly governed by monocytes and macrophages, the adaptive immune response is started which further promotes atherosclerotic plaque formation. In this review, an overview is given describing the role of damage-associated molecular patterns, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and innate and adaptive immune cells in the atherogenesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapka Miteva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Adaptive Immunity Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Balistreri CR, Ruvolo G, Lio D, Madonna R. Toll-like receptor-4 signaling pathway in aorta aging and diseases: "its double nature". J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 110:38-53. [PMID: 28668304 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of innate immunity have revealed a complex role of innate immune signaling pathways in both tissue homeostasis and disease. Among them, the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) pathways has been linked to various pathophysiological conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This has been interrogated by developing multiple laboratory tools that have shown in animal models and clinical conditions, the involvement of the TLR-4 signaling pathway in the pathophysiology of different CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury and aorta aneurysm. Among these, aorta aneurysm, a very complex pathological condition with uncertain etiology and fatal complications (i.e. dissection and rupture), has been associated with the occurrence of high risk cardiovascular conditions, including thrombosis and embolism. In this review, we discuss the possible role of TLR-4 signaling pathway in the development of aorta aneurysm, considering the emerging evidence from ongoing investigations. Our message is that emphasizing the role of TLR-4 signaling pathway in aorta aneurysm may serve as a starting point for future studies, leading to a better understanding of the pathophysiological basis and perhaps the effective treatment of this difficult human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Ruvolo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Lio
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Heart Failure Research, Texas Heart Institute, St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine - CESI-Met and Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences "G. D'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Lunder M, Janić M, Savić V, Janež A, Kanc K, Šabovič M. Very low-dose fluvastatin-valsartan combination decreases parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 127:181-186. [PMID: 28384560 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previously we revealed the effectiveness of a new therapeutic approach with a short-term, very-low dose fluvastatin-valsartan combination on the improvement of arterial function in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (T1DM). In this study we explored whether this approach influences inflammation and oxidative stress and explored any association of these effects with arterial function improvement. METHODS This was a supplementary analysis of the two previous double blind randomized studies (included 44 T1DM patients). Treatment group received very-low dose fluvastatin-valsartan, the control group received placebo. Blood samples were collected and inflammation parameters: high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and oxidative stress parameter total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured. RESULTS Treatment decreased hsCRP values (by 56.5%, P<0.05) and IL-6 values (by 33.6%, P<0.05) and increased TAS values (by 21.1%; P<0.05) after 30days of treatment. High sensitivity CRP and TAS remained decreased 3months after treatment discontinuation. Importantly, the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative action significantly correlated with arterial function improvement. CONCLUSIONS The approach consisting of short-term (30days) treatment with a very low-dose fluvastatin-valsartan combination acts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative in T1DM patients. These observations along with the improvement of arterial function support the assumption that this approach could have an important clinical benefit in T1DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Lunder
- Department of Vascular Diseases, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Zaloška cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Zaloška cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miodrag Janić
- Department of Vascular Diseases, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Zaloška cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vedran Savić
- Department of Vascular Diseases, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Zaloška cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Janež
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Zaloška cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Karin Kanc
- Diabetes & Me, Diabetes Center, Židovska cesta 1, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mišo Šabovič
- Department of Vascular Diseases, Ljubljana University Medical Center, Zaloška cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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The “Rise–Peak–Fall” Pattern of Time Dependency of the Cardiovascular Pleiotropic Effects of Treatment With Low-dose Atorvastatin, Losartan, and a Combination Thereof in Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 68:74-80. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The combination of valsartan and ramipril protects against blood vessel injury and lowers blood pressure. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-016-0241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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