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Wu L, Chen X, Peng T, Tang E, Bai W, Chen L. Human epididymal protein 4 and its combined detection show good diagnostic value in lung cancer: A retrospective study. Int J Biol Markers 2024; 39:141-148. [PMID: 38619974 DOI: 10.1177/03936155241244802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of human epididymal protein 4 (HE4), a potential novel biomarker for lung cancer, and its combined detection with five other conventional biomarkers in lung cancer diagnosis and subtyping. METHODS In this retrospective study, 115 lung cancer patients, 50 patients with benign pulmonary disease, and 50 healthy controls were included. Serum HE4, progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen, cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were analyzed using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and chemiluminescence immunoassay. The receiver operating characteristic curve was performed to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of individual biomarkers in identifying both lung cancer and its histologic subtypes. RESULTS All six biomarkers showed significantly elevated levels in the lung cancer group compared to both benign pulmonary disease and control groups (P < 0.05). Among the biomarkers evaluated, HE4 exhibited the highest diagnostic performance for lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, and lung squamous cell carcinoma with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.921, 0.891, and 0.937, respectively. ProGRP was the optimal biomarker for small cell lung cancer with an AUC of 0.973. The combination of all six biomarkers yielded the largest AUCs in the diagnosis of lung cancer subtypes (0.937 for lung adenocarcinoma, 0.998 for lung squamous cell carcinoma, and 0.985 for small cell lung cancer). Furthermore, specific combinations, such as HE4 + CEA, HE4 + SCC, and ProGRP + HE4 + NSE, showed strong diagnostic performance in lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS HE4 and its combined detection held substantial clinical significance in the diagnosis of lung cancer and its histologic subtyping, especially for lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Longwan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou 325011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Peng
- Clinical Laboratory, The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enyan Tang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Bai
- Clinical Laboratory, The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liya Chen
- Pathology Department, The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
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Yan S, Lin Y, Tian X. Significantly elevated serum human epididymis protein-4 in chronic kidney disease patients without ovarian cancer: A large-scale retrospective study. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24847. [PMID: 36755361 PMCID: PMC10020840 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Human epididymis protein-4 (HE-4) is a commonly used biomarker for diagnosing ovarian cancer. Elevated HE-4 has also been observed in various benign conditions including chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, generalizability and statistical power of previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study that included 80 pathologically confirmed ovarian cancer patients, 641 CKD patients, and 2661 healthy controls. Serum HE-4 and several renal function parameters were collected and compared between the three groups. Correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between HE-4 and renal function parameters. A receiver operating characteristic curve was established to evaluate its diagnostic performance. RESULTS CKD patients had the highest levels of HE-4, with a median of 193.00 pmol/L, while the median in ovarian cancer patients was 90.82 pmol/L. HE-4 levels also increased with CKD progression, and Spearman's rank correlation showed that HE-4 had a strong correlation with renal function parameters in CKD patients. Furthermore, HE-4 exhibited a satisfactory diagnostic performance in both differentiating CKD patients and controls as well as stage 2 CKD patients and controls. CONCLUSION HE-4 can be used as an alternative biomarker for diagnosing CKD as it is less affected by several preanalytical factors. Nevertheless, in clinical practice, elevated HE-4 requires taking both CKD and ovarian cancer into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuidi Yan
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan HospitalXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yong Lin
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan HospitalXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Xuelin Tian
- Department of Emergency, Zhongshan HospitalXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
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Sun ML, Yang ZY, Wu QJ, Li YZ, Li XY, Liu FH, Wei YF, Wen ZY, Lin B, Gong TT. The Role of Human Epididymis Protein 4 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Diseases: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842002. [PMID: 35402435 PMCID: PMC8987291 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The application of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in diverse health diseases, especially in cancers, has been extensively studied in recent decades. To summarize the existing evidence of the aforementioned topic, we conducted an umbrella review to systematically evaluate the reliability and strength of evidence regarding the role of HE4 in the diagnostic and prognostic estimate of diverse diseases. Methods Electronic searches in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were conducted from inception to September 16, 2021, for meta-analyses, which focus on the role of HE4 in the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. This study protocol has been registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021284737). We collected the meta-analysis effect size of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value from diagnostic studies and gathered the hazard ratio (HR) of disease-free survival, overall survival, and progression-free survival from prognostic studies. For each systematic review and meta-analysis, we used a measurable tool for evaluating systematic reviews and meta-analysis (AMSTAR) to evaluate the methodological quality. Additionally, we assessed the quality of evidence on estimating the ability of HE4 in the diagnosis and prognosis of diverse diseases by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guideline. Results Overall, 20 meta-analyses including a total of 331 primary studies of different diseases were examined, mainly including ovarian cancer (OC) (n = 9), endometrial cancer (EC) (n = 6), and lung cancer (LC) (n = 4). The methodological qualities of all studies were rated as moderate (45%) or high (55%) by the AMSTAR. According to the GRADE, the certainties of 18 diagnostic pieces of evidence (9 for sensitivity and 9 for specificity) were rated as moderate (34%), low (33%), and very low (33%). Moreover, outcomes from prognosis studies showed evidence (1 for disease-free survival) with high certainty in regard to cancers (such as EC, OC, and LC) with the remaining three being moderate. Conclusion This umbrella review suggested that HE4 was a favored biomarker in the prognosis of cancers, which was supported by high certainty of evidence. Additionally, HE4 could provide a suitable method for the diagnosis of EC, OC, and LC with moderate certainty evidence. Further large prospective cohort studies are needed to better elucidate the diagnostic and prognostic role of HE4 in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Zi Li
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Wen
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Bei Lin,
| | - Ting-Ting Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Ting-Ting Gong,
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Li Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Jiang L, Yang C, Li G, Qu W, Li X, Chen Y, Chen Q, Wang W, Wang S, Liang Xing J, Huang H. Age-stratified and gender-specific reference intervals of six tumor markers panel of lung cancer: A geographic-based multicenter study in China. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23816. [PMID: 33982344 PMCID: PMC8183943 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serum biomarkers have been widely adopted in clinical practice for assisting lung cancer diagnoses, therapeutic monitoring, and prognostication. The function of a well‐performing tumor biomarker depends on a reliable reference interval (RI) with consideration of the study subjects’ age, gender, and geographical location. This study aimed to establish a RI for each of 6 lung cancer biomarkers for use in the whole country of China on Mindray platform. Methods The levels of serum 6 lung cancer biomarkers—namely progastrin‐releasing peptide (ProGRP), neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin‐19 fragment (CYFRA21‐1), and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4)—were measured utilizing the chemiluminescence immunoassay on the Mindray CL‐6000i platform following the laboratory standard operating procedures in apparently healthy Chinese individuals on large cohort, multicenter, and geographical consideration bases. The CLSI EP28‐A3C guideline was followed for the enrollment of study subjects. Results The age‐stratified, gender‐specific RIs for ProGRP, NSE, SCC, CEA, CYFRA21‐1, and HE4 lung cancer biomarkers in the Chinese population have been established as described in the results and discussion in this work. In addition, various levels of the six lung cancer biomarkers among nine geographical locations in China have been observed. Conclusions The sample volume of study cohort, age, and geographical location should be considered upon establishing a reliable biomarker RI. A RI for each of six lung cancer biomarkers has been established. The results from this study would be helpful for clinical laboratories in interpreting the analytical results and for clinicians in patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Radio Immunoassay Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdou, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Division of in vitro Diagnostics, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Corporation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Division of in vitro Diagnostics, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Corporation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of in vitro Diagnostics, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Corporation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shukui Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Liang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huayi Huang
- Division of in vitro Diagnostics, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Corporation, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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He YP, Li LX, Tang JX, Yi L, Zhao Y, Zhang HW, Wu ZJ, Lei HK, Yu HQ, Nian WQ, Gan L. HE4 as a biomarker for diagnosis of lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17198. [PMID: 31574828 PMCID: PMC6775374 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of our study was to assess the value of serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) to diagnose lung cancer and provide reliable scientific conclusions to guide clinical practice. METHODS A systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature, and WANFANG databases was conducted to identify all studies examining serum HE4 in the diagnosis of lung cancer published up to June, 2017. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of each trial. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA software and Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS There were 21 studies involving 1883 cases and 1696 controls included in our meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of HE4 for diagnosing lung cancer were 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68-0.78) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.81-0.91), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 5.4 (95% CI 3.8-7.5) and 0.31 (95% CI 0.26-0.37), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 17 (95% CI 12-26). The area under the curve of the summary receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.86 (95% CI 0.83-0.89). Race, assay method, type of cancer, sample size, and publication date might be sources of heterogeneity in our meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses showed that the sensitivity in Caucasians was higher than that in Asians (0.81, 95% CI 0.71-0.91; and 0.71, 95% CI 0.66-0.77, respectively), but the specificity in Asians was better than that in Caucasians (0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.92; and 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.97, respectively). The chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay had the highest sensitivity, with 0.79 (95% CI 0.73-0.97), and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay had the highest specificity, with 0.87 (95% CI 0.79-0.94). HE4 had high diagnostic efficacy when screening for small cell lung cancer with the highest specificity (0.90, 95% CI 0.77-1.00). CONCLUSIONS HE4 is a relatively promising and effective biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Furthermore, given the limitations of our study, additional large-scale and well-designed studies are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Peng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Xian Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Xi Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Yi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Wei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Ke Lei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui-Qing Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Qi Nian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou
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Yan L, Hu ZD. Diagnostic accuracy of human epididymis secretory protein 4 for lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:2737-2744. [PMID: 31463101 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.06.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Several studies have assessed the diagnostic accuracy of serum human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4) for lung cancer, but their results were heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to systematically review the available studies and pool their results using meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched up to January 1, 2019 to identify studies investigating the diagnostic accuracy of HE4 for lung cancer. We assessed the quality of eligible studies with the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. The overall diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios were pooled using a bivariate model. Deeks's test was applied to detect the degree of publication bias. Results A total of 16 studies with 18 cohorts (1,756 lung cancers and 1,446 controls) were included. HE4 had a pooled sensitivity of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.54-0.75), specificity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82-0.92), positive likelihood ration of 5.3 (95% CI: 3.7-7.6) and negative likelihood ratio of 0.40 (95% CI: 0.30-0.52). Patient selection bias and partial verification bias were the major design weaknesses of available studies. No publication bias was observed. Conclusions HE4 has moderate diagnostic accuracy for lung cancer. Its result should be interpreted in parallel with clinical findings and the results of other conventional tests. Further studies are still needed to rigorously evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of HE4 for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Zhi-De Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
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Triple test with tumor markers CYFRA 21.1, HE4, and ProGRP might contribute to diagnosis and subtyping of lung cancer. Clin Biochem 2018; 58:15-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Does the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm Provide Better Diagnostic Performance Than HE4 and CA125 in the Presurgical Differentiation of Adnexal Tumors in Polish Women? DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:5289804. [PMID: 29849823 PMCID: PMC5914146 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5289804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim This study compared the diagnostic performance of the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) and HE4 and CA125 for the presurgical differentiation of adnexal tumors. Material and Methods This prospective study included 302 patients admitted for surgical treatment due to adnexal tumors. The ROMA was calculated depending on CA125, HE4, and menopausal status. Results Fifty patients were diagnosed with malignant disease. In the differentiation of malignant from nonmalignant adnexal tumors, the area under curve (AUC) was higher for ROMA and HE4 than that for CA125 in both the premenopausal and postmenopausal subgroups. In the differentiation of stage I FIGO malignancies and epithelial ovarian cancer from nonmalignant pathologies, the AUC of HE4 and ROMA was higher than that of CA125. The ROMA performed significantly better than CA125 in the differentiation of all malignancies and differentiation of stage I FIGO malignancies from nonmalignant pathologies (p = 0.043 and p = 0.025, resp.). There were no significant differences between the ROMA and the tumor markers for any other variants. Conclusions The ROMA is more useful than CA125 for the differentiation of malignant (including stage I FIGO) from nonmalignant adnexal tumors. It is also as useful as HE4 and CA125 for the differentiation of epithelial ovarian cancer from nonmalignant adnexal tumors.
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Luo J, Shi K, Yin SY, Tang RX, Chen WJ, Huang LZ, Gan TQ, Cai ZW, Chen G. Clinical value of miR-182-5p in lung squamous cell carcinoma: a study combining data from TCGA, GEO, and RT-qPCR validation. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:76. [PMID: 29636077 PMCID: PMC5894244 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-182-5p, as a member of miRNA family, can be detected in lung cancer and plays an important role in lung cancer. To explore the clinical value of miR-182-5p in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and to unveil the molecular mechanism of LUSC. METHODS The clinical value of miR-182-5p in LUSC was investigated by collecting and calculating data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Twelve prediction platforms were used to predict the target genes of miR-182-5p. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to explore the molecular mechanism of LUSC. RESULTS The expression of miR-182-5p was significantly over-expressed in LUSC than in non-cancerous tissues, as evidenced by various approaches, including the TCGA database, GEO microarrays, RT-qPCR, and a comprehensive meta-analysis of 501 LUSC cases and 148 non-cancerous cases. Furthermore, a total of 81 potential target genes were chosen from the union of predicted genes and the TCGA database. GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the target genes are involved in pathways related to biological processes. PPIs revealed the relationships between these genes, with EPAS1, PRKCE, NR3C1, and RHOB being located in the center of the PPI network. CONCLUSIONS MiR-182-5p upregulation greatly contributes to LUSC and may serve as a biomarker in LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shu-Ya Yin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Rui-Xue Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lin-Zhen Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ting-Qing Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Zheng-Wen Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Wan J, Wang Y, Cai G, Liang J, Yue C, Wang F, Song J, Wang J, Liu M, Luo J, Li L. Elevated serum concentrations of HE4 as a novel biomarker of disease severity and renal fibrosis in kidney disease. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67748-67759. [PMID: 27589683 PMCID: PMC5356516 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), has recently been reported as a mediator of renal fibrosis. However, serum HE4 levels appear in a large number of patient samples with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the relationship of these levels to disease severity and renal fibrosis is unknown. METHODS In 427 patients at different stages of CKD excluding gynecologic cancer and 173 healthy subjects, serum HE4 concentrations were tested by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Renal biopsy was performed on 259 of 427 subjects. Histological findings were evaluated using standard immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The levels of serum HE4 were higher in CKD patients than in healthy subjects, and higher levels were associated with more severe CKD stages. Patients with more severe renal fibrosis tended to have higher HE4 levels, and correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between HE4 and degree of renal fibrosis (r = 0.938, P < 0.0001). HE4 can be a predictor of renal fibrosis in CKD patients; the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) was 0.99, higher than the AUC-ROC of serum creatinine (0.89). CONCLUSION Elevated levels of serum HE4 are associated with decreased kidney function, and also with an advanced stage of renal fibrosis, suggesting that HE4 may serve as a valuable clinical biomarker for renal fibrosis of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Wan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Intensive Care Unit and Division of Respiratory Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaorong Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Caifeng Yue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmei Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Intensive Care Unit and Division of Respiratory Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Laisheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Chen P, Yang Q, Li X, Qin Y. Potential association between elevated serum human epididymis protein 4 and renal fibrosis: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7824. [PMID: 28885334 PMCID: PMC6392936 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP2), and a matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9) inhibitor, promotes renal fibrosis by inhibiting the degradation of type I collagen. However, the predictive value of HE4 for renal fibrosis remains controversial, even though it has been identified as one of the most upregulated genes in cultured fibrosis-associated myofibroblasts. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the potential association between circulating HE4 and renal fibrosis. METHODS Original and review articles published until January 2017 that analyzed the performance of serum HE4 in renal fibrosis were systematically searched for in PubMed (1966-2017.1), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE (1980-2017.1), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP (Weipu Database). The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 version. Pertinent studies were reviewed and the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval was extracted. A total of 5 studies reporting 460 participants were included in the final analysis. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the potential sources of between-study heterogeneity. RESULTS The results demonstrated that elevated serum HE4 favored the diagnosis of renal fibrosis across all trials (SMD = 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.01; P < .001). The bubble graph indicated statistically robust result. The pooled SMD was similar after removing any single study for sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION The present study suggests a positive association between circulating HE4 and renal fibrosis. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of interventions on HE4, and the value of HE4 as a biomarker.
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Zhong H, Qian Y, Fang S, Yang L, Li L, Gu W. HE4 expression in lung cancer, a meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 470:109-114. [PMID: 28499820 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic role of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) expression in lung cancer remains controversial. We performed this meta-analysis to assess the prognostic value of HE4 expression in lung cancer. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify eligible studies in PubMed, Embase and Wanfang databases. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the relationship. RESULTS A total of 1412 patients from 8 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results of univariate analysis (HR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.19-2.52, P=0.004) and multivariate analysis (HR=2.49, 95% CI: 1.89-3.28, P<0.001) demonstrated that high HE4 expression in lung cancer patients was correlated with poor overall survival (OS). We observed through further stratified analysis of the results of the univariate analysis that high HE4 expression was associated with worse OS in Asian lung cancer patients (HR=2.48, 95% CI: 1.88-3.26, P<0.001). However, there was no significant association between high HE4 expression and poor OS in Caucasian patients (HR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.80-1.55, P=0.513). CONCLUSION High serum HE4 level was a marker of poor prognosis in lung cancer patients, particularly in Asian patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhong
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Qian
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Surong Fang
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Linfei Yang
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, People's Republic of China.
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Gan TQ, Xie ZC, Tang RX, Zhang TT, Li DY, Li ZY, Chen G. Clinical value of miR-145-5p in NSCLC and potential molecular mechanism exploration: A retrospective study based on GEO, qRT-PCR, and TCGA data. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317691683. [PMID: 28347234 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317691683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been reported to be involved in various biological processes. Here, we performed a systematic analysis to explore the clinical value and potential molecular mechanism of miR-145-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. First, a meta-analysis was performed with eligible literature, followed by microRNA microarrays in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, to verify the diagnostic and prognostic values of miR-145-5p. A cohort of 125 clinical paired non-small cell lung cancer samples was next used to detect the level of miR-145-5p and to explore the relationship of miR-145-5p with clinicopathological parameters. The Cancer Genome Atlas database was additionally applied to investigate the role of miR-145-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. The potential targets of miR-145-5p were predicted using 12 online prediction databases to explore the prospective molecular mechanism of miR-145-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. The expression of miR-145-5p in non-small cell lung cancer was significantly lower than that in healthy tissues. And miR-145-5p tended to show better diagnostic performance in lung squamous cell carcinoma than in lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the expression of miR-145-5p was closely associated with lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. Gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the target genes were mainly enriched with enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathways, SH3 domain binding, cell leading edge, and adherens junction. The protein-protein interaction network showed that eight hub genes (SMAD4, SMAD2, IRS1, FOXO1, ERBB4, NRAS, ACTB, and ACTG1) might be the key target genes of miR-145-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. The information we obtained might offer new perspectives for clinical diagnosis and treatment for non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Qing Gan
- 1 Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Zu-Cheng Xie
- 2 Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Xue Tang
- 2 Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Tong Zhang
- 2 Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Yao Li
- 3 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Zu-Yun Li
- 2 Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- 2 Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
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Yoon HI, Kwon OR, Kang KN, Shin YS, Shin HS, Yeon EH, Kwon KY, Hwang I, Jeon YK, Kim Y, Kim CW. Diagnostic Value of Combining Tumor and Inflammatory Markers in Lung Cancer. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:187-193. [PMID: 27722145 PMCID: PMC5051593 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.3.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite major advances in lung cancer treatment, early detection remains the most promising way of improving outcomes. To detect lung cancer in earlier stages, many serum biomarkers have been tested. Unfortunately, no single biomarker can reliably detect lung cancer. We combined a set of 2 tumor markers and 4 inflammatory or metabolic markers and tried to validate the diagnostic performance in lung cancer. METHODS We collected serum samples from 355 lung cancer patients and 590 control subjects and divided them into training and validation datasets. After measuring serum levels of 6 biomarkers (human epididymis secretory protein 4 [HE4], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA], regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted [RANTES], apolipoprotein A2 [ApoA2], transthyretin [TTR], and secretory vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [sVCAM-1]), we tested various sets of biomarkers for their diagnostic performance in lung cancer. RESULTS In a training dataset, the area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.821 for HE4, 0.753 for CEA, 0.858 for RANTES, 0.867 for ApoA2, 0.830 for TTR, and 0.552 for sVCAM-1. A model using all 6 biomarkers and age yielded an AUC value of 0.986 and sensitivity of 93.2% (cutoff at specificity 94%). Applying this model to the validation dataset showed similar results. The AUC value of the model was 0.988, with sensitivity of 93.33% and specificity of 92.00% at the same cutoff point used in the validation dataset. Analyses by stages and histologic subtypes all yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS Combining multiple tumor and systemic inflammatory markers proved to be a valid strategy in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Il Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Keon Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Korea Regional Bank, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ilseon Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Korea Regional Bank, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongdai Kim
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Kim
- BioInfra, Inc., Seoul, Korea; Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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