1
|
Dermul N, Dierckx H. Reconstruction of excitation waves from mechanical deformation using physics-informed neural networks. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16975. [PMID: 39043805 PMCID: PMC11266589 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive assessment of the electrical activation pattern can significantly contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, due to faster and safer diagnosis, improved surgical planning and easier follow-up. One promising path is to measure the mechanical contraction via echocardiography and utilize this as an indirect way of measuring the original activation pattern. To solve this demanding inversion task, we make use of physics-informed neural networks, an upcoming methodology to solve forward and inverse physical problems governed by partial differential equations. In this study, synthetic data sets were created, consisting of 2D excitation waves coupled to an isotropic and linearly deforming elastic medium. We show that for both focal and spiral patterns, the underlying excitation waves can be reconstructed accurately. We test the robustness of the method against Gaussian noise, reduced spatial resolution and projected tri-planar data. In situations where the data quality is heavily reduced, we show how to improve the reconstruction by additional regularization on the wave speed. Our findings suggest that physics-informed neural networks hold the potential to solve sparse and noisy bio-mechanical inversion problems and may offer a pathway to non-invasive assessment of certain cardiac arrhythmias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Dermul
- Department of Mathematics, KU Leuven, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
- iSi Health, Institute of Physics-based Modeling for In Silico Health, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Hans Dierckx
- Department of Mathematics, KU Leuven, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
- iSi Health, Institute of Physics-based Modeling for In Silico Health, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guan D, Gao H, Cai L, Luo X. A new active contraction model for the myocardium using a modified hill model. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
3
|
Nyns ECA, Jin T, Bart CI, Bax WH, Zhang G, Poelma RH, de Vries AAF, Pijnappels DA. Ultrasound-Guided Optogenetic Gene Delivery for Shock-Free Ventricular Rhythm Restoration. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2021; 15:e009886. [PMID: 34937394 DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.009886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emile C A Nyns
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), the Netherlands (E.C.A.N., C.I.B., W.H.B., A.A.F.d.V., D.A.P.)
| | - Tianyi Jin
- Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands (T.J., G.Z., R.H.P.)
| | - Cindy I Bart
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), the Netherlands (E.C.A.N., C.I.B., W.H.B., A.A.F.d.V., D.A.P.)
| | - Wilhelmina H Bax
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), the Netherlands (E.C.A.N., C.I.B., W.H.B., A.A.F.d.V., D.A.P.)
| | - Guoqi Zhang
- Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands (T.J., G.Z., R.H.P.)
| | - René H Poelma
- Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands (T.J., G.Z., R.H.P.)
| | - Antoine A F de Vries
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), the Netherlands (E.C.A.N., C.I.B., W.H.B., A.A.F.d.V., D.A.P.)
| | - Daniël A Pijnappels
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), the Netherlands (E.C.A.N., C.I.B., W.H.B., A.A.F.d.V., D.A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nyns ECA, Jin T, Fontes MS, van den Heuvel T, Portero V, Ramsey C, Bart CI, Zeppenfeld K, Schalij MJ, van Brakel TJ, Ramkisoensing AA, Qi Zhang G, Poelma RH, Ördög B, de Vries AAF, Pijnappels DA. Optical ventricular cardioversion by local optogenetic targeting and LED implantation in a cardiomyopathic rat model. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2293-2303. [PMID: 34528100 PMCID: PMC9328286 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs) are common in the pathologically remodelled heart. These arrhythmias can be lethal, necessitating acute treatment like electrical cardioversion to restore normal rhythm. Recently, it has been proposed that cardioversion may also be realized via optically controlled generation of bioelectricity by the arrhythmic heart itself through optogenetics and therefore without the need of traumatizing high-voltage shocks. However, crucial mechanistic and translational aspects of this strategy have remained largely unaddressed. Therefore, we investigated optogenetic termination of VTs 1) in the pathologically remodelled heart using a 2) implantable multi-LED device for 3) in vivo closed-chest, local illumination. METHODS AND RESULTS In order to mimic a clinically relevant sequence of events, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was applied to adult male Wistar rats before optogenetic modification. This modification took place three weeks later by intravenous delivery of adeno-associated virus vectors encoding red-activatable channelrhodopsin (ReaChR) or Citrine for control experiments. At 8 to 10 weeks after TAC, VTs were induced ex vivo and in vivo, followed by programmed local illumination of the ventricular apex by a custom-made implanted multi-LED device. This resulted in effective and repetitive VT termination in the remodelled adult rat heart after optogenetic modification, leading to sustained restoration of sinus rhythm in the intact animal. Mechanistically, studies on the single cell and tissue level revealed collectively that, despite the cardiac remodelling, there were no significant differences in bioelectricity generation and subsequent transmembrane voltage responses between diseased and control animals, thereby providing insight into the observed robustness of optogenetic VT termination. CONCLUSION Our results show that implant-based optical cardioversion of VTs is feasible in the pathologically remodelled heart in vivo after local optogenetic targeting because of preserved optical control over bioelectricity generation. These findings add novel mechanistic and translational insight into optical ventricular cardioversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emile C A Nyns
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tianyi Jin
- Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Magda S Fontes
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Titus van den Heuvel
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Portero
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Catilin Ramsey
- Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Cindy I Bart
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Katja Zeppenfeld
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martin J Schalij
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Arti A Ramkisoensing
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Guo Qi Zhang
- Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - René H Poelma
- Department of Microelectronics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Balazs Ördög
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Antoine A F de Vries
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daniël A Pijnappels
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Syomin F, Osepyan A, Tsaturyan A. Computationally efficient model of myocardial electromechanics for multiscale simulations. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255027. [PMID: 34293046 PMCID: PMC8297763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A model of myocardial electromechanics is suggested. It combines modified and simplified versions of previously published models of cardiac electrophysiology, excitation-contraction coupling, and mechanics. The mechano-calcium and mechano-electrical feedbacks, including the strain-dependence of the propagation velocity of the action potential, are also accounted for. The model reproduces changes in the twitch amplitude and Ca2+-transients upon changes in muscle strain including the slow response. The model also reproduces the Bowditch effect and changes in the twitch amplitude and duration upon changes in the interstimulus interval, including accelerated relaxation at high stimulation frequency. Special efforts were taken to reduce the stiffness of the differential equations of the model. As a result, the equations can be integrated numerically with a relatively high time step making the model suitable for multiscale simulation of the human heart and allowing one to study the impact of myocardial mechanics on arrhythmias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fyodor Syomin
- Institute of Mechanics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Osepyan
- Institute of Mechanics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Tsaturyan
- Institute of Mechanics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kotadia I, Whitaker J, Roney C, Niederer S, O’Neill M, Bishop M, Wright M. Anisotropic Cardiac Conduction. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2020; 9:202-210. [PMID: 33437488 PMCID: PMC7788398 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2020.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anisotropy is the property of directional dependence. In cardiac tissue, conduction velocity is anisotropic and its orientation is determined by myocyte direction. Cell shape and size, excitability, myocardial fibrosis, gap junction distribution and function are all considered to contribute to anisotropic conduction. In disease states, anisotropic conduction may be enhanced, and is implicated, in the genesis of pathological arrhythmias. The principal mechanism responsible for enhanced anisotropy in disease remains uncertain. Possible contributors include changes in cellular excitability, changes in gap junction distribution or function and cellular uncoupling through interstitial fibrosis. It has recently been demonstrated that myocyte orientation may be identified using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging in explanted hearts, and multisite pacing protocols have been proposed to estimate myocyte orientation and anisotropic conduction in vivo. These tools have the potential to contribute to the understanding of the role of myocyte disarray and anisotropic conduction in arrhythmic states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irum Kotadia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - John Whitaker
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Caroline Roney
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Steven Niederer
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Mark O’Neill
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Martin Bishop
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Matthew Wright
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Drift of Scroll Waves in a Mathematical Model of a Heterogeneous Human Heart Left Ventricle. MATHEMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/math8050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rotating spiral waves of electrical excitation underlie many dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. The heterogeneity of myocardium is one of the factors that affects the dynamics of such waves. In this paper, we present results of our simulations for scroll wave dynamics in a heterogeneous model of the human left ventricle with analytical anatomically based representation of the geometry and anisotropy. We used a set of 18 coupled differential equations developed by ten Tusscher and Panfilov (TP06 model) which describes human ventricular cells based on their measured biophysical properties. We found that apicobasal heterogeneity dramatically changes the scroll wave dynamics. In the homogeneous model, the scroll wave annihilates at the base, but the moderate heterogeneity causes the wave to move to the apex and then continuously rotates around it. The rotation speed increased with the degree of the heterogeneity. However, for large heterogeneity, we observed formation of additional wavebreaks and the onset of complex spatio-temporal patterns. Transmural heterogeneity did not change the dynamics and decreased the lifetime of the scroll wave with an increase in heterogeneity. Results of our numerical experiments show that the apex may be a preferable location of the scroll wave, which may be important for development of clinical interventions.
Collapse
|
8
|
A Mathematical Spline-Based Model of Cardiac Left Ventricle Anatomy and Morphology. COMPUTATION 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/computation4040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
9
|
Solovyova O, Katsnelson LB, Kohl P, Panfilov AV, Tsaturyan AK, Tsyvian PB. Mechano-electric heterogeneity of the myocardium as a paradigm of its function. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 120:249-54. [PMID: 26713555 PMCID: PMC4821177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial heterogeneity is well appreciated and widely documented, from sub-cellular to organ levels. This paper reviews significant achievements of the group, led by Professor Vladimir S. Markhasin, Russia, who was one of the pioneers in studying and interpreting the relevance of cardiac functional heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Solovyova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Leonid B Katsnelson
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Peter Kohl
- Research Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College of London, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|