1
|
Dormann F, Hähnel V, Müller V, Burkhardt R, Offner R. Allogenic and autologous nondiluted serum eye drops-validation strategy compliant with good manufacturing practice. Transfus Med 2024; 34:319-325. [PMID: 39037018 DOI: 10.1111/tme.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Serum eye drops alleviate ocular symptoms of diseases such as sicca syndrome, or chronic graft-versus-host disease. This study was designed for good manufacturing practice validation of our standard manufacturing, storage and transport processes for both autologous and allogenic SEDs. Specifications of quality parameters are lacking and were aimed to be defined. METHODS Using sterile collected, coagulated whole blood, serum was separated by centrifugation and filled into single-use eye drop applicator vials. Quality control tests included visual inspection, sterility, leukocyte concentration, pH, vitamin A, TGF-ß and VEGF-A. Samples were collected after manufacture and after 24 h and 6 months of frozen storage (-20°C). Sterility testing was performed after opening the SED applicators at specified intervals. For transport validation, SEDs were packed in insulated transport bags and stored at 20-24°C and 30-32°C for 8 h. RESULTS Vitamin A, TGF-ß and VEGF-A assays showed no difference in concentration between fresh and 24 h frozen serum. All specifications for pH (aim 7.4) and cellular contamination were met and microbiological contamination tests were negative. Shelf-life was defined as 6 months at -20°C. Once opened, the product must be used within 24 h to avoid bacterial outgrowth. Transporting frozen SEDs from the manufacturer via a local pharmacy to the patient within a maximum of 4 h was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The GMP compliance of our production, storage and transport processes for autologous and allogenic SEDs was successfully validated. 100% serum eye drops in single-use applicators can be safely used for up to 24 h after opening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Dormann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Viola Hähnel
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria Müller
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Offner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiao X, Peng X, Jin X, Liu N, Yu Y, Liu R, Li Z. Nano-composite system of traditional Chinese medicine for ocular applications: molecular docking and three-dimensional modeling insight for intelligent drug evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:3132-3144. [PMID: 37355484 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The absorption of drugs was impeded in the posterior part of the eye due to the special structure. In addition, it was crucial to comprehend transport laws of molecules in ocular drug delivery for designing effective strategies. However, the current quality evaluation methods of the eye were backward and lack of dynamic monitoring of drug processes in vivo. Herein, nano-drug delivery system and three-dimensional (3D) model were combined to overcome the problems of low bioavailability and diffusion law. The model drugs were screened by molecular docking. The flexible nano-liposome (FNL) and temperature-sensitive gel (TSG) composite formulation was characterized through comprehensive evaluation. COMSOL software was utilized to build 3D eyeball to predict the bioavailability of drugs. The size of the preparation was about 98.34 nm which is relatively optimal for the enhanced permeability of the eyes. The formulation showed a stronger safety and non-irritant. The pharmacokinetics results of aqueous humor showed that the AUC of two drugs in this system increased by 3.79 and 3.94 times, respectively. The results of 3D calculation model proved that the concentrations of drugs reaching the retina were 1.90×10-5 mol/m3 and 6.37×10-6 mol/m3. In conclusion, the FNL-TSG markedly improved the bioavailability of multiple components in the eye. More importantly, a simplified 3D model was developed to preliminarily forecast the bioavailability of the retina after drug infusion, providing technical support for the accurate evaluation of ocular drug delivery. It provided new pattern for the development of intelligent versatile ophthalmic preparations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Component‑Based Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xingru Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Component‑Based Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Military Medicine Section, Dongli District, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, 1 Huizhihuan Road, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component‑Based Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component‑Based Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component‑Based Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component‑Based Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
MIC-1 Antlerogenic Stem Cells Homogenate from Cervus elaphus Accelerate Corneal Burn Reepithelization in Rabbits. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Deer antler is the only mammalian organ that can fully grow back once lost from its pedicle. Antler regeneration is a stem cell-based process. Therefore, antlers probably offer the most pertinent model for studying organ regeneration in mammals. Evaluation of the effect of deer antler stem cells on the healing of superficial and deep rabbit corneal wounds was performed. Thirty-six New Zealeand White rabbits were used in this study in superficial and deep denaturation models, and corneal erosion was performed with n-heptanol placed on the cornea for 30 and NaOH for 90 s. Antler stem cells in drop formulation with hyaluronate was used. As a control, sodium hyaluronate in the superficial model and protein-free calf blood dialysate (Solcoseryl) in the deep model were administered. In superficial corneal damage, a reduction in the area of the damaged cornea was observed from day 3 of the experiment to an adequate level: 45% in the test group and 52% in the control group relative to the baseline damage (100%). Between days 3 and 7, on average, a smaller lesion area was observed in the group receiving antler stem cells. The use of antler stem cells has resulted in a marked improvement in cornea clarity. According to the 5-point scale of corneal opacity evaluation, where 1 is completely clear and 5 is completely opaque, the first statistically significant changes were observed after 4 weeks of treatment: 3.0 in the study group, 4.1 in the control with Solcoseryl, and 4.4 in the control group. After 9 weeks, these values were, 2.5, 3.8, and 4.1, respectively. The present preliminary study shows the promising results of antlerogenic stem cells of Cervus elaphus topically applied for the treatment of corneal injury. A deeper understanding of the developmental mechanisms involved in antler renewal can be useful for controlling regeneration cornea processes.
Collapse
|
4
|
Suck G, Urena JAN, Grolle A, Kischnick T, Deitenbeck R, Zeiler T. Transregional autologous serum eye drop provision by a large German Red Cross Blood Donation Service. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 61:103316. [PMID: 34774438 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Blood Donation Service West serves North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Rhineland-Palatinate (RP), and Saarland, an area of 56,500 km2. In addition to routine red blood cell concentrates, plasma, and platelets, special products are provided. Since 2014, this has included autologous serum eye drops (ASED) for topical use in patients suffering from different illnesses accompanied by dry eye disease. METHODS A volume of 250-525 mL of patient blood was collected into an anticoagulant-free blood bag. Laboratory testing included Hepatitis B/C-, HIV 1/2-, and Lues-serology. Coagulation and centrifugation were followed by leukoreduction. Single-use vials were obtained by filling mini-bag systems using a sterile tube welder. Storage at ≤-20 °C enabled a shelf-life of up to 6 months and 30 days at 4 °C after thawing for shipment. RESULTS Contracts were closed with 15 ophthalmology clinics and medical practices in NRW and RP to supply patients with ASED. The patient pool increased from 19 in 2014 to 46 in 2020, with an average age of 43-55 years. Overall, blood collections almost tripled from 31 to 100 per year, increasing the stock of deliverable single-use vials from 3328 to 13,358. Delivery in a liquid state allowed engagement of 44 pharmacies located in the patient neighborhoods for continuous supply. CONCLUSION Manufacturing in a closed bag system allowed integration into blood bank operations. However, cost-coverage by health insurance remained a case-by-case decision. Allogeneic application as 'just-another-blood-product' could be an aspiration. Yet, conclusive data from large clinical trials are needed for licensed provision in Germany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garnet Suck
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service West, Center for Transfusion Medicine Hagen, Hagen, Germany.
| | | | - Andreas Grolle
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service West, Center for Transfusion Medicine Hagen, Hagen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kischnick
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service West, Center for Transfusion Medicine Hagen, Hagen, Germany
| | - Robert Deitenbeck
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service West, Center for Transfusion Medicine Hagen, Hagen, Germany
| | - Thomas Zeiler
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service West, Center for Transfusion Medicine Breitscheid, Ratingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sriwidodo S, Kurniawan Syah IS, Maksum IP, Subroto T, Zasvia U, Umar AK. Stabilization of eye drops containing autologous serum and recombinant human epidermal growth factor for dry eye syndrome. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2020; 11:184-188. [PMID: 33425702 PMCID: PMC7784935 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_72_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) and autologous serum are considered safer and more effective in treating dry eye syndrome. However, suitable formulas and preparation methods are needed to obtain eye drop containing autologous serum and hEGF, which are stable during storage and use. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a stable and effective eye drops containing autologous serum and hEGF. Stabilization of autologous serum and hEGF was done by adding lyoprotectant and antioxidant agents, and then prepared using the freeze-drying method. The clarity, pH, sterility, and endotoxin content of the preparation were evaluated. The effectiveness of the preparation was assessed by a cell viability test using a WST-8 reagent. Based on the results, all formulas produce preparations that are isotonic, clear, sterile, stable, and free from endotoxins. Cell viability test shows the addition of 25 μg/mL hEGF increased epithelial cell proliferation by up to 197%. It can be concluded that eye drops containing autologous serum and 25 μg/mL hEGF can be a promising therapy for dry eye syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Insan Sunan Kurniawan Syah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Iman Peramana Maksum
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Toto Subroto
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Ulvi Zasvia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Abd Kakhar Umar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Serum eye drops for the treatment of ocular surface diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2019; 17:200-209. [PMID: 31246562 DOI: 10.2450/2019.0080-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of blood-derived eye drops for topical treatment of ocular surface diseases has progressively increased in recent years. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate the use of serum eye drops in ocular surface disorders, we performed a systematic search of the literature. RESULTS In this systematic review, we included 19 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the use of serum eye drops in 729 patients compared to controls. For the quantitative synthesis, we included only 10 RCTs conducted in patients with dry eye syndrome comparing autologous serum to artificial tears. At 2-6 weeks, no clear between-group differences in Schirmer test (MD 1.05; 95% CI: -0.17-2.26) and in fluorescein staining (MD -0.61; 95% CI: -1.50-0.28) were found (very low-quality evidence, down-graded for inconsistency, serious risk of biases, and serious imprecision). Slightly higher increase in tear film break-up time (TBUT) scores in autologous serum compared to control (MD 2.68; 95% CI: 1.33-4.03), and greater decrease in ocular surface disease index (OSDI) in autologous serum compared to control (MD -11.17; 95% CI: -16.58 - -5.77) were found (low quality evidence, down-graded for serious risk of bias, and for inconsistency). For the Schirmer test, fluorescein staining and TBUT, data were also available at additional follow-up timing (2-12 months): no clear between-group differences were found, and the quality of the evidence was graded as low/very-low. CONCLUSIONS In patients with dry eye syndrome, it is unclear whether or not the use of autologous serum compared to artificial tears increases Schirmer test and fluorescein staining scores at short-term and medium-/long-term follow up. Some benefit at short-term follow up for the outcome of TBUT and OSDI was observed, but the quality of the evidence was low.
Collapse
|
7
|
García-Martín E, Pernía-López S, Romero Jiménez RM, García-Valcárcel B, Martínez-Ortega PA, Sanjurjo-Saez M. The use of autologous serum eye drops for the treatment of ocular surface disorders. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2019; 26:314-317. [PMID: 31798853 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2018-001527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the use of autologous serum (AS) eye drops in patients with ocular surface disorders who were refractory to conventional treatments. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care centre. We included patients with a prescription of AS eye drops from December 2006 to January 2016. Electronic prescriptions (Prescriplant) and clinical histories were reviewed. A database with sociodemographic and pharmacotherapheutic variables was created. The efficacy was evaluated subjectively and adverse effects was a measurement of safety. AS eye drops were elaborated, in a laminar flow hood, with the blood samples for a final concentration of 20%. Results One hundred and seventy-three patients were considered for the study, 78.03% of them female. Their mean age was 63.87 years (SD 16.69). The use of AS eye drops was indicated for several diseases: corneal diseases (corneal ulcer or corneal persistent epithelial defects) (34.32%); Sjögren syndrome (17.16%); dry eye resulting from autoimmune disease (15.38%); and blepharitis/blepharospasm (12.43%). The regular dosage was every 3 or 4 hours (40.46%). 21.97% patients used the AS in one eye only. The mean length of treatment was 2.71 years. All patients, except one, improved their symptoms with the treatment and no one suffered harmful effects. Conclusions Numerous national and international guidelines on dry eye treatment have been published, but they differ in dosing, concentration and indication of AS eye drops. Consequently, there is no consensus about the best therapy with AS. In this article we describe the clinical practice of AS eye drops. In the study, indications for AS therapy were mostly: corneal diseases; Sjögren syndrome; and dry eye resulting from autoimmune disease; and blepharitis or blepharospasm. Patients went to the hospital pharmacy to pick up AS eye drops before 90 days, it ensures the stability of eye drops. AS is an effective, safe and well tolerated treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estela García-Martín
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sagrario Pernía-López
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - R M Romero Jiménez
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca García-Valcárcel
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar A Martínez-Ortega
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Sanjurjo-Saez
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chandler HL, Tan T, Yang C, Gemensky-Metzler AJ, Wehrman RF, Jiang Q, Peterson CMW, Geng B, Zhou X, Wang Q, Kaili D, Adesanya TMA, Yi F, Zhu H, Ma J. MG53 promotes corneal wound healing and mitigates fibrotic remodeling in rodents. Commun Biol 2019; 2:71. [PMID: 30793049 PMCID: PMC6382791 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea plays an important role in transmitting light and providing protection to the eye, but is susceptible to injury and infection. Standard treatments for corneal wounds include topical lubricants, antibiotics, bandage contact lens, and surgery. However, these measures are often ineffective. Here we show that MG53, a protein with an essential role in cell membrane repair, contributes to the corneal injury-repair process. Native MG53 is present in the corneal epithelia, tear film, and aqueous humor, suggesting its potential function in corneal homeostasis. Knockout of MG53 in mice causes impaired healing and regenerative capacity following injury. Exogenous recombinant human MG53 (rhMG53) protein protects the corneal epithelia against mechanical injury and enhances healing by promoting migration of corneal fibroblasts. Using in vivo alkaline-induced injury to the rat cornea, we show that rhMG53 promotes re-epithelialization and reduces post-injury fibrosis and vascularization. Finally, we show that rhMG53 modulates TGF-β-mediated fibrotic remodeling associated with corneal injury. Overall, our data support the bi-functional role of MG53 in facilitating corneal healing and maintaining corneal transparency by reducing fibrosis and vascularization associated with corneal injuries. Heather Chandler, Tao Tan, Chunlin Yang et al. find that the cell membrane repair protein MG53 plays a key role in repairing cornea injury. Using mouse and rat models, they show that recombinant human MG53 protects the cornea against injury and enhances healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Chandler
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.,TRIM-edicine, Columbus, USA
| | - Chunlin Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Rita F Wehrman
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Qiwei Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Bingchuan Geng
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Denis Kaili
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - T M Ayodele Adesanya
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Frank Yi
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Etulain
- Laboratory of Experimental Thrombosis, Institute of Experimental Medicine-CONICET, National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baydar T, Kemer OE, Kilicarslan B, Cardak A, Girgin G. Detection of neopterin in tear samples. Pteridines 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/pterid-2015-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was to detect neopterin concentrations in human tear samples and to evaluate its potential correlation with serum neopterin levels. For this purpose, 20 systemically healthy volunteers were recruited, and both tear and serum samples were synchronically collected from each individual. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was carried out to detect the quantity of neopterin in the samples. Mean human tear neopterin levels were observed as 3±0.56 nM while mean serum neopterin was 9±1.25 nM. Additionally, a significant positive correlation between tear neopterin and serum neopterin concentrations was observed. This is the first report to show neopterin concentration in human tears as a biological sample. Collecting tears from the individuals is a non-invasive sampling method, and as an analytical aspect detection of neopterin by ELISA in tear samples construct a valuable, practical and cheap procedure for the diagnosis and monitoring of intraocular inflammation and systemic immune-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terken Baydar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, 90-06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Evren Kemer
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Numune Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Kilicarslan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, 90-06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aziz Cardak
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Numune Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gözde Girgin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, 90-06100 Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pederson SL, Pizzirani S, Andrew SE, Pate DO, Stine JM, Michau TM. Use of a nictitating membrane flap for treatment of feline acute corneal hydrops-21 eyes. Vet Ophthalmol 2016; 19 Suppl 1:61-8. [DOI: 10.1111/vop.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Pizzirani
- Cumming's School of Veterinary Medicine; Tufts University; North Grafton MA 01536 USA
| | | | - Diana O. Pate
- Upstate Veterinary Specialists; Greenville SC 29607 USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|