An electromechanical left ventricular wedge model to study the effects of deformation on repolarization during heart failure

Periodically kicked network of RLC oscillators to produce ECG signals

We propose a simple model of the electrical activity of the heart that reproduces realistic healthy electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The model consists of two RLC linear oscillators periodically kicked by impulses of the main pacemaker with the frequency rate of a real heart. In the proposed model, one oscillator represents the atria, another represents the ventricles, and an electrical cardiac conduction system is included using a coupling capacitor, which can be either unidirectional or bidirectional. The network of the two capacitively coupled oscillators is periodically kicked by the main pacemaker to introduce the periodic forcing of limit cycles into the system; a time delay is introduced to represent the electrical transport delay from atria to ventricles. In this manner, healthy synthetic ECG signals are obtained by combining the signals of the currents of the oscillators. We show that an analytical solution of the model can be obtained when a single impulse is applied. From this, by the superposition principle, a solution with an impulse train is obtained. Note that analytical treatment is a feature not available in current cardiac oscillator models.