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Erythropoietin promotes M2 macrophage phagocytosis of Schwann cells in peripheral nerve injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:245. [PMID: 35296651 PMCID: PMC8927417 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Following acute sciatic nerve crush injury (SNCI), inflammation and the improper phagocytic clearance of dying Schwann cells (SCs) has effects on remodeling that lead to morbidity and incomplete functional recovery. Therapeutic strategies like the use of erythropoietin (EPO) for peripheral nerve trauma may serve to bring immune cell phagocytotic clearance under control to support debris clearance. We evaluated EPO’s effect on SNCI and found EPO treatment increased myelination and sciatic functional index (SFI) and bolstered anti-apoptosis and phagocytosis of myelin debris via CD206+ macrophages when compared to saline treatment. EPO enhanced M2 phenotype activity, both in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMØs) and peritoneal-derived macrophages (PMØs) in vitro, as well as in PMØs in vivo. EPO increased efferocytosis of apoptotic sciatic nerve derived Schwann cells (SNSCs) in both settings as demonstrated using immunofluorescence (IF) and flow cytometry. EPO treatment significantly attenuated pro-inflammatory genes (IL1β, iNOS, and CD68) and augmented anti-inflammatory genes (IL10 and CD163) and the cell-surface marker CD206. EPO also increased anti-apoptotic (Annexin V/7AAD) effects after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction in macrophages. Our data demonstrate EPO promotes the M2 phenotype macrophages to ameliorate apoptosis and efferocytosis of dying SCs and myelin debris and improves SN functional recovery following SNCI.
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Hwang CH. Targeted Delivery of Erythropoietin Hybridized with Magnetic Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Injury: A Literature Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9683-9701. [PMID: 33311979 PMCID: PMC7726550 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s287456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the incidence of central nervous system injuries has continued to rise, no promising treatments have been elucidated. Erythropoietin plays an important role in neuroprotection and neuroregeneration as well as in erythropoiesis. Moreover, the current worldwide use of erythropoietin in the treatment of hematologic diseases allows for its ready application in patients with central nervous system injuries. However, erythropoietin has a very short therapeutic time window (within 6–8 hours) after injury, and it has both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic receptors, which exhibit heterogenic and phylogenetic differences. These differences lead to limited amounts of erythropoietin binding to in situ erythropoietin receptors. The lack of high-quality evidence for clinical use and the promising results of in vitro/in vivo models necessitate fast targeted delivery agents such as nanocarriers. Among current nanocarriers, noncovalent polymer-entrapping or polymer-adsorbing erythropoietin obtained by nanospray drying may be the most promising. With the incorporation of magnetic nanocarriers into an erythropoietin polymer, spatiotemporal external magnetic navigation is another area of great interest for targeted delivery within the therapeutic time window. Intravenous administration is the most readily used route. Manufactured erythropoietin nanocarriers should be clearly characterized using bioengineering analyses of the in vivo size distribution and the quality of entrapment or adsorption. Further preclinical trials are required to increase the therapeutic bioavailability (in vivo biological identity alteration, passage through the lung capillaries or the blood brain barrier, and timely degradation followed by removal of the nanocarriers from the body) and decrease the adverse effects (hematological complications, neurotoxicity, and cytotoxicity), especially of the nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Hwang
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Republic of Korea
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Rayner MLD, Grillo A, Williams GR, Tawfik E, Zhang T, Volitaki C, Craig DQM, Healy J, Phillips JB. Controlled local release of PPARγ agonists from biomaterials to treat peripheral nerve injury. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:046030. [PMID: 32780719 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aba7cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor clinical outcomes following peripheral nerve injury (PNI) are partly attributable to the limited rate of neuronal regeneration. Despite numerous potential drug candidates demonstrating positive effects on nerve regeneration rate in preclinical models, no drugs are routinely used to improve restoration of function in clinical practice. A key challenge associated with clinical adoption of drug treatments in nerve injured patients is the requirement for sustained administration of doses associated with undesirable systemic sideeffects. Local controlled-release drug delivery systems could potentially address this challenge, particularly through the use of biomaterials that can be implanted at the repair site during the microsurgical repair procedure. APPROACH In order to test this concept, this study used various biomaterials to deliver ibuprofen sodium or sulindac sulfide locally in a controlled manner in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. Following characterisation of release parameters in vitro, ethylene vinyl acetate tubes or polylactic-co-glycolic acid wraps, loaded with ibuprofen sodium or sulindac sulfide, were placed around directly-repaired nerve transection or nerve crush injuries in rats. MAIN RESULTS Ibuprofen sodium, but not sulindac sulfide caused an increase in neurites in distal nerve segments and improvements in functional recovery in comparison to controls with no drug treatment. SIGNIFICANCE This study showed for the first time that local delivery of ibuprofen sodium using biomaterials improves neurite growth and functional recovery following PNI and provides the basis for future development of drug-loaded biomaterials suitable for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L D Rayner
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, UCL, London, United Kingdom. UCL School of Pharmacy, UCL, London, United Kingdom. UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London, United Kingdom
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Nguyen CT, Kim CR, Le TH, Koo KI, Hwang CH. Magnetically guided targeted delivery of erythropoietin using magnetic nanoparticles: Proof of concept. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19972. [PMID: 32384447 PMCID: PMC7220084 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to demonstrate the targeted delivery of erythropoietin (EPO) using magnetically guided magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs).MNPs consisting of a ferric-ferrous mixture (FeCl3·6H2O and FeCl2·4H2O) were prepared using a co-precipitation method. The drug delivery system (DDS) was manufactured via the spray-drying technique using a nanospray-dryer. The DDS comprised 7.5 mg sodium alginate, 150 mg MNPs, and 1000 IU EPO.Scanning electron microscopy revealed DDS particles no more than 500 nm in size. Tiny particles on the rough surfaces of the DDS particles were composed of MNPs and/or EPO, unlike the smooth surfaces of the only alginate particles. Transmission electron microscopy showed the tiny particles from 5 to 20 nm in diameter. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed DDS peaks characteristic of MNPs as well as of alginate. Thermal gravimetric analysis presented that 50% of DDS weight was lost in a single step around 500°C. The mode size of the DDS particles was approximately 850 nm under in vivo conditions. Standard soft lithography was applied to DDS particles prepared with fluorescent beads using a microchannel fabricated to have one inlet and two outlets in a Y-shape. The fluorescent DDS particles reached only one outlet reservoir in the presence of a neodymium magnet. The neurotoxicity was evaluated by treating SH-SY5Y cells in 48-well plates (1 × 10 cells/well) with 2 μL of a solution containing sodium alginate (0.075 mg/mL), MNPs (1.5 mg/mL), or sodium alginate + MNPs. A cell viability assay kit was used to identify a 93% cell viability after MNP treatment and a 94% viability after sodium alginate + MNP treatment, compared with the control. As for the DDS particle neurotoxicity, a 95% cell viability was noticed after alginate-encapsulated MNPs treatment and a 93% cell viability after DDS treatment, compared with the control.The DDS-EPO construct developed here can be small under in vivo conditions enough to pass through the lung capillaries with showing the high coating efficiency. It can be guided using magnetic control without displaying significant neurotoxicity in the form of solution or particles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chung Reen Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - Thi Huong Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan
| | - Kyo-in Koo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan
| | - Chang Ho Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Republic of Korea
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Govindappa PK, Talukder MAH, Gurjar AA, Hegarty JP, Elfar JC. An effective erythropoietin dose regimen protects against severe nerve injury-induced pathophysiological changes with improved neural gene expression and enhances functional recovery. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106330. [PMID: 32143001 PMCID: PMC7483891 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The functional recovery following non-severing peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is often incomplete. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a pleiotropic hormone and it has been shown to protect peripheral nerves following mild and even moderate severity injuries. However, the effectiveness of EPO in severe PNI is largely unknown. In this study, we sought to investigate the neuroprotective effect of a new dose regimen of EPO in severe sciatic nerve crush injury (SSCI). Adult male mice (8 animals/group) were randomly assigned to sham (normal saline, 0.1 ml/mouse), SSCI (normal saline, 0.1 ml/mouse) and SSCI with EPO (5000 IU/kg) groups. SSCI was performed using calibrated forceps for 30 sec. EPO or normal saline was administered intraperitoneally immediately after the SSCI and at post-injury day1 and 2. The functional recovery after injury was assessed by sciatic function index (SFI), von Frey Test (VFT), and grip strength test. Mice were euthanized on day 7 and 21 and nerves at injury/peri-injury site were processed for gene (quantitative real-time PCR) and protein (immunohistochemistry) expression analysis. EPO significantly improved SFI, VFT, and hind limb paw grip strength from post-injury day 7. EPO demonstrated significant regulatory effects on mRNA expression of inflammatory (IL-1β and TNF-α), anti-inflammatory (IL-10), angiogenesis (VEGF and eNOS), and myelination (MBP) genes. The protein expression of IL-1β, F4/80, CD31, NF-κB p65, NF-H, MPZ, and DHE (redox-sensitive probe) was also significantly modulated by EPO treatment. In conclusion, the new dose regimen of EPO augments sciatic nerve functional recovery by mitigating inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and myelination components of SSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Kumar Govindappa
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - M A Hassan Talukder
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Anagha A Gurjar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - John P Hegarty
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - John C Elfar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science (CORTS), The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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Rong M, Chang Z, Ou J, Zhao S, Zeng W, Liu Q. [The fabrication and related properties study of chitosan-poly (lactide-co-glycolide) double-walled microspheres loaded with nerve growth factor]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:102-108. [PMID: 31939244 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201905074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the feasibility of the chitosan-poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) double-walled microspheres for sustained release of bioactive nerve growth factor (NGF) in vitro. Methods NGF loaded chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres were prepared by emulsion-ionic method with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as an ionic cross-linker. The double-walled microspheres were cross-linked by different concentrations of TPP [1%, 3%, 10% ( W/ V)]. NGF loaded PLGA microspheres were also prepared. The outer and inner structures of double-walled microspheres were observed by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. The size and distribution of microspheres and fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR) were analyzed. PLGA microspheres with NGF or chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres cross-linked by 1%, 3%, and 10%TPP concentration (set as groups A, B, C, and D respectively) were used to determine the degradation ratio of microspheres in vitro and the sustained release ratio of NGF in microspheres at different time points. The bioactivity of NGF (expressed as the percentage of PC12 cells with positive axonal elongation reaction) in the sustained release solution of chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres without NGF (set as group A1) was compared in groups B, C, and D. Results The chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres showed relative rough and spherical surfaces without aggregation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed PLGA microspheres were evenly uniformly distributed in the chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres. The particle size of microspheres ranged from 18.5 to 42.7 μm. The results of FT-IR analysis showed ionic interaction between amino groups and phosphoric groups of chitosan in double-walled microspheres and TPP. In vitro degradation ratio analysis showed that the degradation ratio of double-walled microspheres in groups B, C, and D appeared faster in contrast to that in group A. In addition, the degradation ratio of double-walled microsphere in groups B, C, and D decreased when the TPP concentration increased. There were significant differences in the degradation ratio of each group ( P<0.05). In vitro sustained release ratio of NGF showed that when compared with PLGA microspheres in group A, double-walled microspheres in groups B, C, and D released NGF at a relatively slow rate, and the sustained release ratio decreased with the increase of TPP concentration. Except for 84 days, there was significant difference in the sustained release ratio of NGF between groups B, C, and D ( P<0.05). The bioactivity of NGF results showed that the percentage of PC12 cells with positive axonal elongation reaction in groups B, C, and D was significantly higher than that in group A1 ( P<0.05). At 7 and 28 days of culture, there was no significant difference between groups B, C, and D ( P>0.05); at 56 and 84 days of culture, the percentage of PC12 cells with positive axonal elongation reaction in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between groups C and D ( P>0.05). Conclusion NGF loaded chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres have a potential clinical application in peripheral nerve regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Rong
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Hospital of Xidian University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710071, P.R.China
| | - Zhen Chang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710054, P.R.China
| | - Jiawei Ou
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710054, P.R.China
| | - Songchuan Zhao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710054, P.R.China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710054, P.R.China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin Shaanxi, 718000,
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Wang J, Zheng W, Chen L, Zhu T, Shen W, Fan C, Wang H, Mo X. Enhancement of Schwann Cells Function Using Graphene-Oxide-Modified Nanofiber Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2444-2456. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tonghe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Xiumei Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Geary MB, Li H, Zingman A, Ketz J, Zuscik M, De Mesy Bentley KL, Noble M, Elfar JC. Erythropoietin accelerates functional recovery after moderate sciatic nerve crush injury. Muscle Nerve 2017; 56:143-151. [PMID: 28168703 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erythropoietin (EPO) has been identified as a neuroregenerative agent. We hypothesize that it may accelerate recovery after crush injury and may vary with crush severity. METHODS Mice were randomized to mild, moderate, or severe crush of the sciatic nerve and were treated with EPO or vehicle control after injury. The sciatic function index (SFI) was monitored over the first week. Microstructural changes were analyzed by immunofluorescence for neurofilament (NF) and myelin (P0 ), and electron microscopy was used to assess ultrastructural changes. RESULTS In moderate crush injuries, EPO significantly improved SFI at 7 days post-injury, an effect not observed with other severity levels. Increases in the ratio of P0 to NF were observed after EPO treatment in moderate crush injuries. Electron microscopy demonstrated endothelial cell hypertrophy in the EPO group. CONCLUSIONS EPO accelerates recovery in moderately crushed nerves, which may be through effects on myelination and vascularization. Injury severity may influence the efficacy of EPO. Muscle Nerve 56: 143-151, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Geary
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Haiyan Li
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Alissa Zingman
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - John Ketz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Michael Zuscik
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Karen L De Mesy Bentley
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Mark Noble
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - John C Elfar
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Modrak M, Sundem L, Elfar J. Erythropoietin enhanced recovery after peripheral nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1268-1269. [PMID: 28966638 PMCID: PMC5607818 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.213544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Max Modrak
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Leigh Sundem
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - John Elfar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Science, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Zhou ZF, Zhang F, Wang JG, Chen QC, Yang WZ, He N, Jiang YY, Chen F, Liu JJ. Electrospinning of PELA/PPY Fibrous Conduits: Promoting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Rats by Self-Originated Electrical Stimulation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1572-1581. [PMID: 33440592 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries represent a great challenge for surgeons. The conductive neural scaffold has experienced increasing interest because of its good biocompatibility and similar electrical properties as compared to those of a normal nerve. Herein, nerve conduits made from poly(d,l-lactide)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) and polypyrrole (20%, 30%, and 50%) (PELA-PPY) were prepared by electrospinning, and used in regeneration of peripheral nerve defects. The results of an in vitro experiment indicated a high biocompatibility for the as-prepared materials, supporting the attachment and proliferation of a rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cell. Furthermore, the PELA-PPY nerve conduit implanted in the sciatic nerve defects (10 mm) of the Spraguee-Dawley rats for 12 weeks showed similar results with the autograft, while it demonstrated a better outcome than the PELA nerve conduit in electrophysiological examination, sciatic function index, total amount of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers, axon diameter, myelin thickness, and several immunohistochemistry indices (S-100, laminin, neurofilament, bromodeoxyuridine, and glial fibrillary acidic portein). We supposed that the bioactivity is mainly generated by the PPY in composite nanofibers which could transmit self-originated electrical stimulation between cells. Due to the facile preparation and excellent in vivo performance, the PPY-PELA nerve conduit is promising for use as a bioengineered biomaterial for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Fei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jian-Guang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Quan-Chi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wei-Zhi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ying-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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