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Jiang YN, Gao Y, Zhang YS, Min CY, Shen LT, Yan WF, Yang ZG, Shi R, Li Y. Aggravating effect of abnormal low-density protein cholesterol level on coronary atherosclerotic plaque in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:234. [PMID: 38965584 PMCID: PMC11225366 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abnormal low-density protein cholesterol (LDL-C) level in the development of atherosclerosis is often comorbid in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the aggravating effect of abnormal LDL-C levels on coronary artery plaques assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in T2DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study collected 3439 T2DM patients from September 2011 to February 2022. Comparative analysis of differences in coronary plaque characteristics was performed for the patients between the normal LDL-C level group and the abnormal LDL-C level group. Factors with P < 0.1 in the univariable linear regression analyses were included in the multivariable linear stepwise regression. RESULTS A total of 2820 eligible T2DM patients were included and identified as the normal LDL-C level group (n = 973) and the abnormal LDL-C level group (n = 1847). Compared with the normal LDL-C level group, both on a per-patient basis and per-segment basis, patients with abnormal LDL-C level showed more calcified plaques, partially calcified plaques, low attenuation plaques, positive remodellings, and spotty calcifications. Multivessel obstructive disease (MVD), nonobstructive stenosis (NOS), obstructive stenosis (OS), plaque involvement degree (PID), segment stenosis score (SSS), and segment involvement scores (SIS) were likely higher in the abnormal LDL-C level group than that in the normal LDL-C level group (P < 0.001). In multivariable linear stepwise regression, the abnormal LDL-C level was validated as an independent positive correlation with high-risk coronary plaques and the degree and extent of stenosis caused by plaques (low attenuation plaque: β = 0.116; positive remodelling: β = 0.138; spotty calcification: β = 0.091; NOS: β = 0.427; OS: β = 0.659: SIS: β = 1.114; SSS: β = 2.987; PID: β = 2.716, all P value < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal LDL-C levels aggravate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients with T2DM. Clinical attention deserves to be caught by the tailored identification of cardiovascular risk categories in T2DM individuals and the achievement of the corresponding LDL-C treatment goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ning Jiang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Shan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen-Yan Min
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Ting Shen
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Feng Yan
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Dairy Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Potential Function in Dietetics: The Food-Gut-Health Axis. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123099. [PMID: 34945650 PMCID: PMC8701325 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented dairy products are the good source of different species of live lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are beneficial microbes well characterized for their health-promoting potential. Traditionally, dietary intake of fermented dairy foods has been related to different health-promoting benefits including antimicrobial activity and modulation of the immune system, among others. In recent years, emerging evidence suggests a contribution of dairy LAB in the prophylaxis and therapy of non-communicable diseases. Live bacterial cells or their metabolites can directly impact physiological responses and/or act as signalling molecules mediating more complex communications. This review provides up-to-date knowledge on the interactions between LAB isolated from dairy products (dairy LAB) and human health by discussing the concept of the food–gut-health axis. In particular, some bioactivities and probiotic potentials of dairy LAB have been provided on their involvement in the gut–brain axis and non-communicable diseases mainly focusing on their potential in the treatment of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel diseases, and cancer.
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Takahashi N, Dohi T, Endo H, Takeuchi M, Doi S, Kato Y, Okai I, Iwata H, Okazaki S, Isoda K, Miyauchi K, Minamino T. Coronary lipid-rich plaque characteristics in Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina: A near infrared spectroscopy and intravascular ultrasound study. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 33:100747. [PMID: 33748401 PMCID: PMC7957086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asians have a much lower incidence of adverse coronary events than Caucasians. We sought to evaluate the characteristics of coronary lipid-rich plaques (LRP) in Asian patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable angina (SA). We also aimed to identify surrogate markers for the extent of LRP. METHODS We evaluated 207 patients (ACS, n = 75; SA, n = 132) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention under near infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound (NIRS-IVUS). Plaque characteristics and the extent of LRP [defined as a long segment with a 4-mm maximum lipid-core burden index (maxLCBI4mm)] on NIRS in de-novo culprit and non-culprit segments were analyzed. RESULTS The ACS culprit lesions had a significantly higher maxLCBI4mm (median [interquartile range (IQR)]: 533 [385-745] vs. 361 [174-527], p < 0.001) than the SA culprit lesions. On multivariate logistic analysis, a large LRP (defined as maxLCBI4mm ≥ 400) was the strongest independent predictor of the ACS culprit segment (odds ratio, 3.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.95-8.02). In non-culprit segments, 19.8% of patients had at least one large LRP without a small lumen. No significant correlation was found between the extent of LRP and systematic biomarkers (hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α), whereas the extent of LRP was positively correlated with IVUS plaque burden (r = 0.24, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that NIRS-IVUS plaque assessment could be useful to differentiate ACS from SA culprit lesions, and that a threshold maxLCBI4mm ≥ 400 was clinically suitable in Japanese patients. No surrogate maker for a high-risk LRP was found; consequently, direct intravascular evaluation of plaque characteristics remains important.
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Key Words
- ACS, acute coronary syndrome
- Asian
- CI, confidence interval
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- IQR, interquartile range
- IVUS, intravascular ultrasound
- Intracoronary imaging
- LCBI
- LCBI, lipid core burden index
- LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- LRP, lipid-rich plaque
- Lipid core burden index
- MDA-LDL, malondialdehyde-modified LDL
- MLA, minimum lumen area
- NIRS
- NIRS, near infrared spectroscopy
- NSTE-ACS, non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
- OR, odds ratio
- PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention
- PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin / kexin type 9
- SA, stable angina
- STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- Vulnerable plaque
- hs-CRP, high-sensitive C reactive protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihito Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Dohi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Endo
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takeuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Doi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Iwao Okai
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwata
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinya Okazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kikuo Isoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Katsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology (AMEDCREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Kawagishi N, Suda G, Nakamura A, Kimura M, Maehara O, Suzuki K, Nakamura A, Ohara M, Izumi T, Umemura M, Nakai M, Sho T, Natsuizaka M, Morikawa K, Ogawa K, Kudo Y, Nishida M, Miyoshi H, Sakamoto N. Liver steatosis and dyslipidemia after HCV eradication by direct acting antiviral agents are synergistic risks of atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209615. [PMID: 30576386 PMCID: PMC6303061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim We comprehensively analyzed how hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication by interferon (IFN)-free direct-acting-antiviral-agents (DAAs) affects liver steatosis and atherogenic risk. Methods Patients treated with IFN-free-DAAs who underwent transient elastography before and at 24-weeks post-treatment, including controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and achieved sustained viral response (SVR) were enrolled. The association between changes in liver steatosis, lipid-metabolism, and genetic and clinical factors was analyzed. Results A total of 117 patients were included. The mean CAP and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly elevated at SVR24. However, baseline LDL-C and CAP values were significantly negatively correlated with changes in these values after HCV eradication, indicating that in patients with high baseline values, the values generally decreased after HCV eradication. Mean small-dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C), which has greater atherogenic potential, was significantly elevated only in patients with both dyslipidemia (LDL-C >140 mg/dL) and liver steatosis (CAP >248 dB/m) at SVR24. Those patients had significant higher baseline BMI, LDL-C, and total-cholesterol levels. Conclusions Generally, successful HCV eradication by IFN-free-DAAs decreases CAP and LDL-C in patients with high baseline values. However, elevated LDL-C was accompanied with elevated sdLDL-C only in patients with liver steatosis and dyslipidemia at SVR24; therefore, those patients may require closer monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kawagishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akinobu Nakamura
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Megumi Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Osamu Maehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akihisa Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Ohara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takaaki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Machiko Umemura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masato Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takuya Sho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Natsuizaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kudo
- Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Nishida
- Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyoshi
- Division of Diabetes and Obesity, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Furukawa S, Suzuki H, Fujihara K, Kobayashi K, Iwasaki H, Sugano Y, Yatoh S, Sekiya M, Yahagi N, Shimano H. Malondialdehyde-modified LDL-related variables are associated with diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 141:237-243. [PMID: 29775676 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) causes the development of atherosclerosis and kidney injury. Although circulating oxLDL levels were reportedly increased in type 2 diabetic patients with macroalbuminuria, it remains unclear whether albuminuria or the reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is independently associated with the circulating oxLDL level. This study aimed to elucidate the association between the stage of diabetic nephropathy and serum malondialdehyde-modified LDL (MDA-LDL) and the ratio of MDA-LDL to LDL-cholesterol (MDA-LDL/LDL). METHODS AND RESULTS This retroactive cross-sectional study used data from 402 patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients undergoing hemodialysis were excluded. Serum MDA-LDL levels were significantly increased with increases in severity of albuminuria (103 ± 44 U/L, 109 ± 54 U/L, and 135 ± 72 U/L for normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria, respectively; P for trend = 0.020) but not according to the estimated GFR (eGFR). An increased MDA-LDL/LDL ratio was significantly associated with both increased albuminuria (35 ± 13, 37 ± 14, and 40 ± 15 for normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria, respectively; P for trend = 0.003) and reduced eGFR (34 ± 13, 36 ± 13, 38 ± 12, and 51 ± 28 for grade 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively; P for trend = 0.002). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that neither the albumin excretion rate nor eGFR but ln-transformed triglycerides and LDL-C levels were independent determinants of both serum MDA-LDL levels and MDA-LDL/LDL ratios. CONCLUSION Serum MDA-LDL levels and MDA-LDL/LDL ratios were increased in those with dyslipidemia associated with diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Furukawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Fujihara
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kobayashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iwasaki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoko Sugano
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yatoh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Motohiro Sekiya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoya Yahagi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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