The Cutaneous Ciliated Cyst in Young Male: The Possibility of Ciliated Cutaneous Eccrine Cyst. Case Rep Med. 2015;2015:589831. [PMID: 26491452 PMCID: PMC4605210 DOI: 10.1155/2015/589831]

Intraosseous metaplastic meningioma: A case report

Metaplastic meningioma is a rare World Health Organization Grade I meningioma subtype, accounting for 0.2%-1.6% of all meningiomas. Primary extradural meningiomas represent less than 2% of all meningiomas, with intraosseous meningioma as a subtype of primary extradural meningiomas. Herein, we report the case of a 65-year-old male presenting with headache. His computed tomography scans showed an osteolytic left parietal bone mass, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed hyperintense dots in the mass on T1-weighted images. The mass was then resected and diagnosed on histopathological examination as an intraosseous metaplastic meningioma.

Ciliated and Mucinous Adenomatous Syringometaplasia: The Missing Link of the "Ciliated Eccrine Metaplasia" Theory in the Histogenesis of Cutaneous Eccrine Ciliated Cyst?

ABSTRACT

A variety of metaplastic changes has been reported in eccrine ducts and glands with squamous and mucinous syringometaplasia representing the most common histopathologic patterns. In the current case, a previously unreported variant of syringometaplasia was described in a female newborn with a 2-cm occipital cutaneous defect consistent with cutis aplasia. Over a more than 1-year period of local treatment, an enlarging plaque associated with local alopecia developed at the site of the original ulcerated area. A local excision demonstrated a superficial hypertrophic scar associated with a complete loss of hair follicles. In addition, there was a proliferation of eccrine glands and ducts lined by cuboidal epithelial cells arranged in a linear distribution beneath the scar area. Focal anastomosing of the proliferative ducts was identified. In few dilated ducts, the epithelial lining was composed of an inner layer of columnar cells with well-formed apical cilia and intracytoplasmic mucin and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells. The mucinous and ciliated cells were positive for epithelial membranous antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen, but negative for estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and thyroid transcription factor-1. Because this variant of eccrine metaplasia has not hitherto been reported in the literature, the term ciliated and mucinous adenomatous syringometaplasia was proposed for this unusual histologic finding. Mucinous and ciliated adenomatous syringometaplasia not only expands the spectrum of metaplastic changes in sweat gland units, but also might represent the missing link in the histogenesis of a subset of cutaneous ciliated cysts.

Cutaneous ciliated cyst on the anterior neck in young women: A case report

BACKGROUND

A cutaneous ciliated cyst (CCC) is a rare, benign tumor in young female adults, which is usually found on the lower extremities.

CASE SUMMARY

We found an uncommon location of CCC in the anterolateral cervical area and reviewed the literature. A 20-year-old female complained of a well-defined, painless, palpable mass that started several years ago. The mass was tense and movable and located at the anterolateral aspect of the neck. Imaging showed a non-enhancing round mass. Surgical excision biopsy was performed, and the cystic mass was revealed to be a CCC.

CONCLUSION

The rare location of CCC can be found in anterior neck area, which should be another diagnostic option for mass on anterior neck.

Dermatopathology of Cutaneous Cystic Lesions: A Practical Review With Diagnostic Clues and Pitfalls

BACKGROUND

Cystic lesions are common in the daily practice of dermatologists and dermatopathologists, and in most cases, a straightforward diagnosis can be done. Yet, some variants and situations may cause diagnostic problems or carry prognostic and/or systemic implications.

OBJECTIVE

To review the histopathological features of the most frequent cystic lesions, either true cysts or pseudocysts, and provide some clues and pitfalls to bear in mind for troublesome situations such as solid-cystic tumors; uncommon variants; incidental findings; artifactual, reactive, or infectious cavities; cysts as a warning of systemic and hereditary diseases; and malignant cystic tumors, either primary or metastatic.

METHODS

The histopathological diagnostic criteria of most cystic lesions and their potential caveats will be discussed, offering some diagnostic clues.

RESULTS

Cystic lesions of the skin can primarily be classified into true cysts and pseudocysts. The most frequent pseudocysts are sinus pilonidalis and mucin-filled cavities. True cysts can be divided according to their epithelial origin or differentiation into epidermal/pilar cysts, cysts from glandular appendages, and from embryonic remnants. Diagnostic dilemmas and possible pitfalls in cystic lesions are reviewed, offering some keys to solve them.

CONCLUSIONS

Knowledge of the histopathology of cystic lesions contributes to their correct diagnosis, improving the management of patients.

Cutaneous Ciliated Cyst in an Unusual Location: Between Two Scapulas

Cutaneous ciliated cyst is defined as a rare, painless lesion frequently encountered on the lower extremities of young girls after puberty. The cyst is surrounded by the columnar ciliary epithelium. Apart from the lower extremities of girls, they may be localized on the scalp, scapula, thumb, abdomen, umbilicus, thigh, heel, knee, and gluteal region. There are two theories to explain this localization. The first is that they are mullerian heterotrophy, while the other is that they are ciliated metaplasia of eccrine glands. In this paper, we described a cutaneous ciliated cyst, which was observed with a previously undescribed localization on the back of a 13-year-old female patient.

Mullerian-Type Ciliated Cyst of the Thigh with PAX-8 and WT1 Positivity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Mullerian-type ciliated cysts are uncommon lesions usually found in the lower extremities and perineal region of young females. They have however been reported in males and in other anatomic sites. The cyst lining is typically positive for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), PAX-8, and WT1 immunohistochemical stains. This staining pattern has led to the notion that these cysts are of Müllerian origin. The vast majority of cases are located in the dermis where the preferred nomenclature is cutaneous ciliated cyst (CCC). We report a case of Müllerian-type ciliated cyst in the thigh of a 16-year-old girl. Unlike most of the cases reported in the English literature, this cyst was not centered in the dermis. Only a few other cases of Müllerian-type ciliated cysts with no cutaneous connection have been reported. We propose the term ectopic Müllerian cyst for this rare subset of lesions that are not skin based as is the current case.

Photoletter to the editor: Subcutaneous ciliated Mullerian cyst

Cutaneous ciliated cysts are benign lesions occurring primarily on the lower extremity of girls and young women. We present a case of a cutaneous ciliated Mullerian cyst arising in the lower leg of a 14-year-old girl, with brief discussion of etiology and diagnosis. This is a rare entity with approximately 50 cases in the literature.