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Calabrese G, Zappalà A, Dolcimascolo A, Acquaviva R, Parenti R, Malfa GA. Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Osteoarthritic Bioactive Potential of Verbascum thapsus L. (Scrophulariaceae) Leaf Extract Evaluated in Two In Vitro Models of Inflammation and Osteoarthritis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175392. [PMID: 34500824 PMCID: PMC8434610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease, source of pain and disability that affects millions of people worldwide. OA etiology is complex, multifactorial and joint-specific, with genetic, biological and biomechanical components. Recently, several studies have suggested a potential adjuvant role for natural extracts on OA progression, in terms of moderating chondrocyte inflammation and following cartilage injury, thus resulting in an overall improvement of joint pain. In this study, we first analyzed the phenylethanoid glycosides profile and the total amount of polyphenols present in a leaf aqueous extract of Verbascum thapsus L. We then investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritic bioactive potential of the extract in murine monocyte/macrophage-like cells (RAW 264.7) and in human chondrocyte cells (HC), by gene expression analysis of specifics inflammatory cytokines, pro-inflammatory enzymes and metalloproteases. Six phenylethanoid glycosides were identified and the total phenolic content was 124.0 ± 0.7 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of extract. The biological investigation showed that the extract is able to significantly decrease most of the cellular inflammatory markers, compared to both control cells and cells treated with Harpagophytum procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn, used as a positive control. Verbascum thapsus leaf aqueous extract has the potential to moderate the inflammatory response, representing an innovative possible approach for the inflammatory joint disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.A.M.)
| | - Agata Zappalà
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.D.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Dolcimascolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.D.); (R.P.)
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.Z.); (A.D.); (R.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.A.M.)
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Treatment of tibial dyschondroplasia with traditional Chinese medicines: "Lesson and future directions". Poult Sci 2020; 99:6422-6433. [PMID: 33248557 PMCID: PMC7704743 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic tibiotarsal bone disease in rapidly growing birds throughout the world, which is characterized by gait disorders, reduced growth, and in an unrecoverable lameness in many cases. The short production cycle in chickens, long metabolism cycle in most of the drugs with the severe drug residue, and high treatment cost severely restrict the enthusiasm for the treatment of TD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for the prevention, treatment, and cure of avian bone diseases. Previously, a couple of traditional Chinese medicines has been reported being useful in treating TD. This review will discuss the TCM used in TD and the alternative TCM to treat TD. Selecting a TCM approach and its pharmacologic effects on TD chickens mainly focused on the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of chondrocytes, angiogenesis, matrix metabolism, oxidative damage, cytokines, and calcification of cartilage in tibia.
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Zhao Y, Kongstad KT, Jäger AK, Nielsen J, Staerk D. Quadruple high-resolution α-glucosidase/α-amylase/PTP1B/radical scavenging profiling combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for identification of antidiabetic constituents in crude root bark of Morus alba L. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1556:55-63. [PMID: 29729863 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, quadruple high-resolution α-glucosidase/α-amylase/PTP1B/radical scavenging profiling combined with HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR were used for studying the polypharmacological properties of crude root bark extract of Morus alba L. This species is used as an anti-diabetic principle in many traditional treatment systems around the world, and the crude ethyl acetate extract of M. alba root bark was found to inhibit α-glucosidase, α-amylase and protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with IC50 values of 1.70 ± 0.72, 5.16 ± 0.69, and 5.07 ± 0.68 μg/mL as well as showing radical scavenging activity equaling a TEAC value of (3.82 ± 0.14) × 104 mM per gram extract. Subsequent investigation of the crude extract using quadruple high-resolution α-glucosidase/α-amylase/PTP1B/radical scavenging profiling provided a quadruple biochromatogram that allowed direct correlation of the HPLC peaks with one or more of the tested bioactivities. This was used to target subsequent HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR analysis towards peaks representing bioactive analytes, and led to identification of a new Diels-Alder adduct named Moracenin E as well as a series of Diels-Alder adducts and isoprenylated flavonoids as potent α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors with IC50 values in the range of 0.60-27.15 μM and 1.22-69.38 μM, respectively. In addition, these compounds and two 2-arylbenzofurans were found to be potent PTP1B inhibitors with IC50 values ranging from 4.04 to 21.67 μM. The high-resolution radical scavenging profile also revealed that almost all of the compounds possess radical scavenging activity. In conclusion the quadruple high-resolution profiling method presented here allowed a detailed profiling of individual constituents in crude root bark extract of M. alba, and the method provides a general tool for detailed mapping of bioactive constituents in polypharmacological herbal remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhao
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Thermann Kongstad
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Katharina Jäger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Xu Q, Zhang ZF, Sun WX. Effect of Naringin on Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis Pain in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:3746-3751. [PMID: 28765519 PMCID: PMC5551934 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the current study was to evaluate the anti-osteoarthritic and anti-inflammatory effect of naringin in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)- induced osteoarthritis (OA) model in rats. The anti-osteoarthritic potential of naringin was evaluated against the MIA-induced OA rat model. Material/Methods Wistar rats were used for the study and were divided into the following groups: normal control (saline-treated); group II (MIA-treated): group III (MIA+Naringin), and group IV (MIA+Indomethacin). The potential effect of naringin was evaluated via its effect on the level of proinflammatory cytokines, measuring the weight-bearing distribution, and histopathological analysis. Result The anti-inflammatory effect of naringin was assessed in vitro in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.6 cells. The results suggest that naringin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect via reducing the production of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), interlukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS-induced RAW cells. Additionally, naringin also supported the recovery of hind-limb weight-bearing, reduced the generation or production of inflammatory mediator and proinflammatory cytokines, and protected the tissue from the damage in the OA model. Conclusions Naringin appears to be an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of the OA and OA-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Yantai Yu Huang Ding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zuo-Fu Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Yantai Yu Huang Ding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wei-Xue Sun
- Department of Joint Surgery, Yantai Yu Huang Ding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Lee SR, Park JY, Yu JS, Lee SO, Ryu JY, Choi SZ, Kang KS, Yamabe N, Kim KH. Odisolane, a Novel Oxolane Derivative, and Antiangiogenic Constituents from the Fruits of Mulberry (Morus alba L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3804-3809. [PMID: 27115720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry, the fruit of Morus alba L., is known as an edible fruit and commonly used in Chinese medicines as a warming agent and as a sedative, tonic, laxative, odontalgic, expectorant, anthelmintic, and emetic. Systemic investigation of the chemical constituents of M. alba fruits led to the identification of a novel oxolane derivative, (R*)-2-((2S*,3R*)-tetrahydro-2-hydroxy-2-methylfuran-3-yl)propanoic acid (1), namely, odisolane, along with five known heterocyclic compounds (2-6). The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) data analysis. Compound 1 has a novel skeleton that consists of 8 carbon units with an oxolane ring, which until now has never been identified in natural products. The isolated compounds were subjected to several activity tests to verify their biological function. Among them, compounds 1, 3, and 5 significantly inhibited cord formation in HUVECs. The action mechanism of compound 3, which had the strongest antiangiogenic activity, was mediated by decreasing VEGF, p-Akt, and p-ERK protein expression. These results suggest that compounds isolated from M. alba fruits might be beneficial in antiangiogenesis therapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeon Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University , Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ok Lee
- College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Young Ryu
- Dong-A ST Research Center , Yongin 446-905, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Zin Choi
- Dong-A ST Research Center , Yongin 446-905, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University , Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Noriko Yamabe
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University , Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Anti-Inflammatory and Antiosteoarthritis Effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata ethanol Extract: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:1984238. [PMID: 27042186 PMCID: PMC4793093 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1984238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischkin has been used in traditional medicine to treat pain, inflammation, and arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antiosteoarthritis activities of Saposhnikovia divaricata extract (SDE). The anti-inflammatory effect of SDE was evaluated in vitro in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW 264.7 cells. The antiosteoarthritic effect of SDE was investigated in an in vivo rat model of monosodium iodoacetate- (MIA-) induced osteoarthritis (OA) in which rats were treated orally with SDE (200 mg/kg) for 28 days. The effects of SDE were assessed in vivo by histopathological analysis and by measuring weight-bearing distribution, cytokine serum levels, and joint tissue inflammation-related gene expression. SDE showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, SDE promoted recovery of hind limb weight-bearing, inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, and protected cartilage and subchondral bone tissue in the OA rat model. Therefore, SDE is a potential therapeutic agent for OA and/or associated symptoms.
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de Oliveira AM, Mesquita MDS, da Silva GC, de Oliveira Lima E, de Medeiros PL, Paiva PMG, de Souza IA, Napoleão TH. Evaluation of Toxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of an Ethanolic Extract from Leaves of Morus alba L. (Moraceae). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:513978. [PMID: 26246840 PMCID: PMC4515285 DOI: 10.1155/2015/513978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated an ethanolic extract from Morus alba leaves for toxicity to Artemia salina, oral toxicity to mice, and antimicrobial activity. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenes in the extract, which did not show toxicity to A. salina nauplii. No mortality and behavioral alterations were detected for mice treated with the extract (300 and 2000 mg/kg b.w.) for 14 days. However, animals that received the highest dose showed reduced MCV and MCHC as well as increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity. In treatments with the extract at both 300 and 2000 mg/kg, there was a reduction in number of leukocytes, with decrease in percentage of lymphocytes and increase in proportion of segmented cells. Histopathological analysis of organs from mice treated with the extract at 2000 mg/kg revealed turgidity of contorted tubules in kidneys, presence of leukocyte infiltration around the liver centrilobular vein, and high dispersion of the spleen white pulp. The extract showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and Aspergillus flavus. In conclusion, the extract contains antimicrobial agents and was not lethal for mice when ingested; however, its use requires caution because it promoted biochemical, hematological, and histopathological alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisson Macário de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Cancerologia Experimental, Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Matheus da Silva Mesquita
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Cancerologia Experimental, Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cavalcante da Silva
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Cancerologia Experimental, Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Edeltrudes de Oliveira Lima
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58059-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Paloma Lys de Medeiros
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ivone Antônia de Souza
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Cancerologia Experimental, Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
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