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Shimojima Yamamoto K, Yamamoto S, Imaizumi T, Kumada S, Yamamoto T. Uniparental maternal tetrasomy X co-occurrence with paternal nondisjunction: investigation of the origin of 48,XXXX. Hum Genome Var 2024; 11:31. [PMID: 39152134 PMCID: PMC11329761 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-024-00289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Tetrasomy X or 48,XXXX is a rare sex chromosome aneuploidy. The parental origin of tetrasomy X in a female patient with developmental delay was analyzed; all four X chromosomes were derived from the mother, and there were no paternally derived sex chromosomes. This finding indicates a rare incidental co-occurrence of maternal and paternal nondisjunction or polysomy rescue. The mechanism of 48,XXYY, which is related to developmental delay in males, was analyzed for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Shimojima Yamamoto
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Processing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Sakurako Yamamoto
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Fuchu, 183-0042, Japan
| | - Taichi Imaizumi
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Satoko Kumada
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Fuchu, 183-0042, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
- Division of Gene Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
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Izbassarova A, Zholdybayeva A, Kadrzhanova G, Kashikova K, Izbassarova A, Petrova N, Tolybekova A. A 12-year Life History of a Girl with Profound Intellectual Disability and Leukoencephalopathy: A Rare Clinical Presentation of X Chromosome Pentasomy. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2024; 38:40. [PMID: 38978794 PMCID: PMC11230594 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.38.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a unique 12-year case analysis of a girl with Penta-X syndrome, a chromosomal abnormality characterized by five X chromosomes instead of the normal two in healthy women. Pentasomy of X is a genetic, but not a hereditary disease affecting only women. Our patient demonstrated delayed mental, speech, and motor development along with physical anomalies such as craniofacial deformities, and eye pathology and was diagnosed with pentasomy of the X chromosome at the age of 3 after a cytogenetic examination. She developed epileptic seizures at the age of nine. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) revealed leukoencephalopathy with ventriculomegaly. The peculiarity of this observation is that the polysomy 49, XXXXX detected in the patient is characterized by a typical phenotypic presentation combined with demyelinating leukoencephalopathy, which has not been a typical feature of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Khadisha Kashikova
- Caspian University, International School of Medicine, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Natalya Petrova
- Caspian University, International School of Medicine, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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De Falco L, Suero T, Savarese G, Savarese P, Ruggiero R, Di Carlo A, Bruno M, Petrillo N, Ianniello M, Scarpato C, Sarli C, Fico A. Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening: The First Report of Pentasomy X Detected by Plasma Cell-Free DNA and Karyotype Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071591. [PMID: 35885497 PMCID: PMC9321121 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentasomy X is a sex chromosome anomaly caused by the presence of three extra X chromosomes in females (49,XXXXX instead of 46,XX) and is probably due to a nondisjunction during the meiosis. So far, only five cases prenatally diagnosed were described. The main features in 49,XXXXX karyotype include severe intellectual disability with delayed speech development, short stature, facial dysmorphisms, osseous and articular abnormalities, congenital heart malformations, and skeletal and limb abnormalities. Prenatal diagnosis is often difficult due to the lack of a clear echographic sign like nuchal translucency (NT), and mostly cases were postnatally described. We report the first case of a 49,XXXXX female that was detected by non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS), quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) and a fetal karyotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigia De Falco
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Teresa Suero
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Savarese
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Savarese
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ruggiero
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Carlo
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariasole Bruno
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Petrillo
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Ianniello
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Scarpato
- Responsabile Ambulatorio Medicina Prenatale, P.O.S. Giuliano, 80014 Naples, Italy;
| | - Camilla Sarli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Fico
- AMES-Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, 80013 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (G.S.); (P.S.); (R.R.); (A.D.C.); (M.B.); (N.P.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Fondazione Genetica per la Vita Onlus, 80132 Naples, Italy
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Chekhlabi N, Haoudar A, Hamdaoui H, Dini N. Report of a New Case of Pentasomy X Revealed by Status Epilepticus. Cureus 2021; 13:e16062. [PMID: 34367739 PMCID: PMC8330396 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes an exceptional case of X (49, XXXXX) pentasomy in a girl aged three years and five months. She was admitted for recurrent seizures revealing epilepsy. She has growth failure and psychomotor retardation with a deformed face. The malformative assessment did not show any malformation apart from cerebral leukodystrophy. Pentasomy X is a very rare abnormality of the sex chromosomes. It only affects females, in whom three additional X chromosomes are added to the two X normally present. The pathogenesis of pentasomy X is not exactly clear, but it is probably caused by successive maternal nondisjunctions. Epilepsy and cerebral leukodystrophy are a new mode of revelation of this syndrome, never described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Chekhlabi
- Pediatrics, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, MAR
| | - Amal Haoudar
- Anesthesia and Critical Care, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, MAR
| | - Hasna Hamdaoui
- Genetics, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, MAR
| | - Nezha Dini
- Pediatrics, The International University Hospital Cheikh Khalifa Ibn Zaid, Casablanca, MAR.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, MAR
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Putra M, Hicks MA, Abramowicz JS. False Low-Risk Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-Based Noninvasive Prenatal Screening in Pentasomy 49,XXXXY. AJP Rep 2018; 8:e4-e6. [PMID: 29362687 PMCID: PMC5775094 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1621722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pentasomy 49,XXXXY is a sex chromosome anomaly difficult to be diagnosed prenatally. We describe a patient of pentasomy 49,XXXXY with false low-risk results using a noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS). A 30-year-old G1P0 woman presented at 33 6/7 weeks, secondary to sonographic fetal anomalies. She had low-risk NIPS at 13 6/7 weeks. Anatomy survey showed bilateral clubfeet, clinodactyly of the left fifth digit, micropenis, and echogenic bowel. Cytogenetics analysis revealed pentasomy 49,XXXXY syndrome. We report third-trimester sonographic features of a fetus with pentasomy 49,XXXXY and the importance of thorough pre- and posttest counseling for NIPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesha Putra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Melissa A Hicks
- Detroit Medical Center University Laboratories, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jacques S Abramowicz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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