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Capuani S, Maiuro A, Giampà E, Montuori M, Varrucciu V, Hagberg GE, Vinicola V, Colonna S. Assessment of Calcaneal Spongy Bone Magnetic Resonance Characteristics in Women: A Comparison between Measures Obtained at 0.3 T, 1.5 T, and 3.0 T. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1050. [PMID: 38786348 PMCID: PMC11119204 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing interest in bone tissue MRI and an even greater interest in using low-cost MR scanners. However, the characteristics of bone MRI remain to be fully defined, especially at low field strength. This study aimed to characterize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), T2, and T2* in spongy bone at 0.3 T, 1.5 T, and 3.0 T. Furthermore, relaxation times were characterized as a function of bone-marrow lipid/water ratio content and trabecular bone density. METHODS Thirty-two women in total underwent an MR-imaging investigation of the calcaneus at 0.3 T, 1.5 T, and 3.0 T. MR-spectroscopy was performed at 3.0 T to assess the fat/water ratio. SNR, T2, and T2* were quantified in distinct calcaneal regions (ST, TC, and CC). ANOVA and Pearson correlation statistics were used. RESULTS SNR increase depends on the magnetic field strength, acquisition sequence, and calcaneal location. T2* was different at 3.0 T and 1.5 T in ST, TC, and CC. Relaxation times decrease as much as the magnetic field strength increases. The significant linear correlation between relaxation times and fat/water found in healthy young is lost in osteoporotic subjects. CONCLUSION The results have implications for the possible use of relaxation vs. lipid/water marrow content for bone quality assessment and the development of quantitative MRI diagnostics at low field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Capuani
- CNR-ISC c/o Physics Department, “Sapienza” University of Rome, P.zle Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS Rome, Via Ardeatina 309, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maiuro
- CNR-ISC c/o Physics Department, “Sapienza” University of Rome, P.zle Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
- Physics Department, “Sapienza” University of Rome, P.zle Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giampà
- Rehabilitation Hospital, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS Rome, Via Ardeatina 309, 00179 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Marco Montuori
- CNR-ISC c/o Physics Department, “Sapienza” University of Rome, P.zle Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Viviana Varrucciu
- Radiology Department, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS Rome, Via Ardeatina 309, 00179 Rome, Italy; (V.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Gisela E. Hagberg
- High Field Magnetic Resonance, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Vincenzo Vinicola
- Rehabilitation Hospital, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS Rome, Via Ardeatina 309, 00179 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (V.V.)
| | - Sergio Colonna
- Radiology Department, Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS Rome, Via Ardeatina 309, 00179 Rome, Italy; (V.V.); (S.C.)
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Caporale AS, Nezzo M, Di Trani MG, Maiuro A, Miano R, Bove P, Mauriello A, Manenti G, Capuani S. Acquisition Parameters Influence Diffusion Metrics Effectiveness in Probing Prostate Tumor and Age-Related Microstructure. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050860. [PMID: 37241031 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the Diffusion-Tensor-Imaging (DTI) potential in the detection of microstructural changes in prostate cancer (PCa) in relation to the diffusion weight (b-value) and the associated diffusion length lD. Thirty-two patients (age range = 50-87 years) with biopsy-proven PCa underwent Diffusion-Weighted-Imaging (DWI) at 3T, using single non-zero b-value or groups of b-values up to b = 2500 s/mm2. The DTI maps (mean-diffusivity, MD; fractional-anisotropy, FA; axial and radial diffusivity, D// and D┴), visual quality, and the association between DTI-metrics and Gleason Score (GS) and DTI-metrics and age were discussed in relation to diffusion compartments probed by water molecules at different b-values. DTI-metrics differentiated benign from PCa tissue (p ≤ 0.0005), with the best discriminative power versus GS at b-values ≥ 1500 s/mm2, and for b-values range 0-2000 s/mm2, when the lD is comparable to the size of the epithelial compartment. The strongest linear correlations between MD, D//, D┴, and GS were found at b = 2000 s/mm2 and for the range 0-2000 s/mm2. A positive correlation between DTI parameters and age was found in benign tissue. In conclusion, the use of the b-value range 0-2000 s/mm2 and b-value = 2000 s/mm2 improves the contrast and discriminative power of DTI with respect to PCa. The sensitivity of DTI parameters to age-related microstructural changes is worth consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Stella Caporale
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Nezzo
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Di Trani
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maiuro
- CNR ISC, c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Miano
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, PTV Foundation, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Manenti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, UOC Radiology PTV Foundation, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Capuani
- CNR ISC, c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Mattioli D, Vinicola V, Aragona M, Montuori M, Tarantino U, Capuani S. Behavior during aging of bone-marrow fatty-acids profile in women's calcaneus to search for early potential osteoporotic biomarkers: a 1H-MR Spectroscopy study. Bone 2022; 164:116514. [PMID: 35952974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Identify new potential biomarkers of osteoporosis at an early stage, by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), studying early changes in the metabolic profile of bone-marrow fatty acids in women's calcanei during healthy aging and osteoporosis status. METHODS Single voxel MRS was performed by using a point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence at 3T. Thirty-four Caucasian women (age range: 22-59 years) were recruited to investigate calcaneus bone marrow. The cohort was constituted of four groups according to age, menopausal status, and T-score evaluated after a DXA examination on the femoral neck. Women were classified in young control (n = 11, mean age = 26.5 ± 3.8 y, age range: 22-34 years), perimenopausal groups (n = 11, mean age = 42.0 ± 3.6 y, age range: 37-47 years), postmenopausal group (n = 9, mean age = 55.4 ± 2.9 y, age range: 50-59 years, mean T-score = -1.70 ± 0.50) and osteoporotic group (n = 6, mean age = 53.0 ± 2.8 y, age range: 50-58 years, mean T-score = -2.54 ± 0.10). The total lipid content (TL), the Unsaturation Index (UI), and the fraction of unsaturated/polyunsaturated fatty acid (fUFA and fPUFA) were calculated. RESULTS TL was significantly correlated with age (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). TL increases linearly with age in the young + perimenopausal population (r = 0.92, p < 0.001) but this trend is not significant in the postmenopausal subject (r = 0.48, p = 0.07). No significant correlation was found between T-Score and TL in postmenopausal and osteoporotic women, whereas a significant correlation was found between TL and time interval (tp) between the age at menopause and the age of the subject at the MRS examination. Conversely, no correlation was found between T-score and tp. The unsaturation index (UI) does not significantly discriminate between osteoporotic, peri- and postmenopausal women. On the other hand, fUFA is significantly different in peri-menopausal and osteoporotic subjects (p = 0.02), while fPUFA is significantly different both between peri- and postmenopausal women (p = 0.05) and postmenopausal and osteoporotic subjects (p = 0.03). Both fUFA and fPUFA did not correlate with subjects' age. CONCLUSION In the female calcaneus, fUFA and fPUFA are promising measurable quantities for the characterization of bone marrow's composition potentially correlated with the development of osteoporosis, whereas UI does not differentiate between subjects of varying osteoporotic status. The fact that the TL in the calcaneus is correlated with tp, indicates that active metabolic changes are still occurring in these subjects, giving complementary information to the DXA about the changes in bone marrow's composition which may affect the whole bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Vinicola
- Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Aragona
- National Research Council, Institute for Complex Systems CNR-ISC, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Montuori
- National Research Council, Institute for Complex Systems CNR-ISC, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, "Policlinico Tor Vergata" Foundation, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Capuani
- National Research Council, Institute for Complex Systems CNR-ISC, Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Trentadue M, Sozzi C, Idolazzi L, Lazzarini G, Murano RS, Gatti D, Rossini M, Piovan E. Magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0-T in postmenopausal osteoporosis: a prospective study and review of the literature. Radiol Bras 2022; 55:216-224. [PMID: 35983340 PMCID: PMC9380604 DOI: 10.1590/0100-3984.2021.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To promote advanced research using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of and screening for osteoporosis by looking for correlations among the T-scores measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and the T1-weighted signal intensity values. Materials and Methods This was a prospective study of postmenopausal women with no contraindications to MRI and no history of cancer who underwent DEXA within 30 days before or after the MRI examination. A 3.0-T scanner was used in order to acquire sagittal sequences targeting the lumbar spine. Results Thirteen women underwent DEXA and MRI. In two cases, the MRI was discontinued early. Therefore, the final sample comprised 11 patients. The ADC values and T1-weighted signal intensity were found to be higher in patients with osteoporosis. However, among the patients > 60 years of age with osteoporosis, ADC values were lower and T1-weighted signal intensity was even higher. Conclusion It is unlikely that MRI will soon replace DEXA for the diagnostic workup of osteoporosis. Although DWI and ADC mapping are useful for understanding the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, we believe that T1-weighted sequences are more sensitive than is DWI as a means of performing a qualitative analysis of vertebral alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gianluigi Lazzarini
- Independent Researcher, self-employed Occupational Medicine specialist, Italy
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Gili T, Di Carlo G, Capuani S, Auconi P, Caldarelli G, Polimeni A. Complexity and data mining in dental research: A network medicine perspective on interceptive orthodontics. Orthod Craniofac Res 2021; 24 Suppl 2:16-25. [PMID: 34519158 PMCID: PMC9292769 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Procedures and models of computerized data analysis are becoming researchers' and practitioners' thinking partners by transforming the reasoning underlying biomedicine. Complexity theory, Network analysis and Artificial Intelligence are already approaching this discipline, intending to provide support for patient's diagnosis, prognosis and treatments. At the same time, due to the sparsity, noisiness and time-dependency of medical data, such procedures are raising many unprecedented problems related to the mismatch between the human mind's reasoning and the outputs of computational models. Thanks to these computational, non-anthropocentric models, a patient's clinical situation can be elucidated in the orthodontic discipline, and the growth outcome can be approximated. However, to have confidence in these procedures, orthodontists should be warned of the related benefits and risks. Here we want to present how these innovative approaches can derive better patients' characterization, also offering a different point of view about patient's classification, prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Gili
- Networks UnitIMT School for Advanced Studies LuccaLuccaItaly
- CNR‐ISC Unità SapienzaRomeItaly
| | - Gabriele Di Carlo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo‐Facial SciencesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | | | | | - Guido Caldarelli
- CNR‐ISC Unità SapienzaRomeItaly
- Department of Molecular Sciences and NanosystemsCa’Foscari University of VeniceVenezia MestreItaly
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo‐Facial SciencesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
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Capuani S, Gambarini G, Guarnieri R, Di Pietro G, Testarelli L, Di Nardo D. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microimaging for the Qualitative Assessment of Root Canal Treatment: An Ex Vivo Preliminary Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1012. [PMID: 34205946 PMCID: PMC8228494 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11061012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the potential ability of nuclear magnetic resonance micro-imaging (mMRI) to visualize and identify soft tissue debris and unfilled spaces inside radicular canals in endodontic treated extracted teeth, for understanding the causes of treatment failure. Toward this goal, multi-parametric mMRI and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were compared. METHODOLOGY A non-recoverable root treated human tooth was extracted due to endodontic failure and excessive mobility. It was examined with both CBCT and mMRI: CBCT was performed with 0.125 mm voxel size (GXCB-500, Kavo-Gendex, Brea, CA, USA) and mMRI was performed with a spectrometer operating at 9.4T magnetic field (Bruker Avance-400, Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA). The mMRI images were obtained with a microimaging probe. Relaxation times (T1 and T2) and diffusion-weighted acquisition sequences were used to obtain multi-parametric maps of the extracted tooth (slice thickness of 200 µm and in plane resolution of 30 × 30 µm2). RESULTS T1 and T2 maps identified unfilled spaces around and close to Gutta-percha cones instead of CBCT images that were not able to highlight this aspect. T1, T2 and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) assumed different values in dentine and in voids, characterized by different dimensions. Moreover, they were able to discriminate between infiltrations of water only and deposits of biological material. Because Gutta-percha cones are constituted of hard, non-porous material, they do not provide a signal and in mMRI images appear as zones of noise. CONCLUSIONS Unlike the CBCT exam, mMRI can detect soft tissue debris and unfilled spaces inside radicular canals. Therefore, this in vitro study showed the potential of mMRI to evaluate the quality of the root canal treatment, suggesting its potential benefit in determining the causes of endodontic failure, without the use of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Capuani
- CNR ISC c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (G.D.P.)
- Museo Storico Della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gambarini
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (R.G.); (D.D.N.)
| | - Renzo Guarnieri
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (R.G.); (D.D.N.)
| | - Giulia Di Pietro
- CNR ISC c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (R.G.); (D.D.N.)
| | - Dario Di Nardo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (R.G.); (D.D.N.)
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Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of mandibular bone marrow: do apparent diffusion coefficient values of the cervical vertebrae and mandible correlate with age? Oral Radiol 2021; 38:72-79. [PMID: 33877509 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-021-00528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this investigation was to assess the correlation between the mandible and cervical vertebrae bone marrow apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), obtained by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI), with age; to verify the correlation between ADC values from the mandible and the cervical vertebrae; to describe and assess the differences between ADC values obtained from DWI examinations of distinct mandible areas as well as cervical vertebrae. METHODS Thirty imaging examinations with DWI for that included the mandible and C1, C2, C3, and C4 vertebrae in the same examination were included. ADC values were collected from 7 distinct areas in the mandible and the cervical vertebrae. Differences between ADC values and non-parametric correlations were performed. RESULTS A total of 270 regions were assessed. No significant difference was found between ADC values of all areas tested. An inverse correlation was found between C2, C3, and C4 vertebrae ADC values and age. The significant correlation of anatomic area ADC values and age were presented as graphics to verify if the linear trend of ADC values and age are in accordance with the literature CONCLUSIONS: The mandible area that most correlates with the cervical vertebrae, using ADC values, is the posterior trabecular area, below the inferior molars. Also, C2, C3, and C4 vertebrae ADC values inversely correlate with age, which demonstrates the bone qualitative changes in bone composition. ADC values may be useful for the qualitative assessment of bone quality to screen patients at osteoporosis risk.
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Di Pietro G, Scimeca M, Iundusi R, Celi M, Gasbarra E, Tarantino U, Capuani S. Differences between muscle from osteoporotic and osteoarthritic subjects: in vitro study by diffusion-tensor MRI and histological findings. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:2489-2499. [PMID: 32026431 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are strongly coupled with alterations of muscles quality and fats metabolism. However, there are no studies for investigating possible differences between osteoporotic and osteoarthritic muscles. Understanding muscle-bone and muscle-cartilage interactions would be of high clinical value. AIM Investigate potential microstructural and physiological differences between osteoporotic and osteoarthritic muscles by diffusion Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging (diffusion MRI) and histological findings. METHODS Vastus-lateralis muscles excised from osteoporotic (n = 26, T Score < - 2.5, Kellgren-Lawrence ≤ 2) and osteoarthritic (n = 26, T Score > - 2.5, Kellgren--Lawrence 3 and 4) age-matched women were investigated by NMR relaxometry, diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) at 9.4 T, and histological techniques. Intramyocellular (IMCL) and extramyocellular (EMCL) lipid were quantified. The percentage and mean diameters of fibers I and II were evaluated. Relationship between mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), the DTI eigenvalues (λ1, λ2, λ3), histological findings in muscles and clinical data (Kellgren-Lawrence and T score, age, menopausal age, body mass index) were studied. Pairwise comparisons between groups were made using one-way analysis of variance and correlation between variables was assessed with linear correlation analysis (Pearson's r coefficient). RESULTS Osteoporotic muscles showed higher MD, λ1, λ2, λ3 compared to osteoarthritis ones. This is explainable with a significant higher density of IMCL droplets found inside the osteoarthritic muscles and a large amount of fibrotic tissue and IMCL infiltration between fibers, i.e. in endomysium and perimysium that lead to a more hindered diffusion. Furthermore, histological analysis suggests mitochondrial degeneration as the origin of the greatest amount of IMCL droplets in osteoarthritic muscles. CONCLUSION This work highlights differences between muscles of osteoporotic and osteoarthritic subjects that can be quantified by NMR DTI investigations.
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Fathi Kazerooni A, Pozo JM, McCloskey EV, Saligheh Rad H, Frangi AF. Diffusion MRI for Assessment of Bone Quality; A Review of Findings in Healthy Aging and Osteoporosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 51:975-992. [PMID: 31709670 PMCID: PMC7078977 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is a growing imaging technique with the potential to provide biomarkers of tissue variation, such as cellular density, tissue anisotropy, and microvascular perfusion. However, the role of dMRI in characterizing different aspects of bone quality, especially in aging and osteoporosis, has not yet been fully established, particularly in clinical applications. The reason lies in the complications accompanied with implementation of dMRI in assessment of human bone structure, in terms of acquisition and quantification. Bone is a composite tissue comprising different elements, each contributing to the overall quality and functional competence of bone. As diffusion is a critical biophysical process in biological tissues, early changes of tissue microstructure and function can affect diffusive properties of the tissue. While there are multiple MRI methods to detect variations of individual properties of bone quality due to aging and osteoporosis, dMRI has potential to serve as a superior method for characterizing different aspects of bone quality within the same framework but with higher sensitivity to early alterations. This is mainly because several properties of the tissue including directionality and anisotropy of trabecular bone and cell density can be collected using only dMRI. In this review article, we first describe components of human bone that can be potentially detected by their diffusivity properties and contribute to variations in bone quality during aging and osteoporosis. Then we discuss considerations and challenges of dMRI in bone imaging, current status, and suggestions for development of dMRI in research studies and clinics to segregate different contributing components of bone quality in an integrated acquisition. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:975-992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Fathi Kazerooni
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jose M. Pozo
- CISTIB Centre for Computational Imaging & Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine, School of Computing and School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Eugene Vincent McCloskey
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Centre for Integrated research in Musculoskeletal AgeingUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Hamidreza Saligheh Rad
- Quantitative MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular ImagingTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alejandro F. Frangi
- CISTIB Centre for Computational Imaging & Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine, School of Computing and School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- LICAMM Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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Capuani S, Guerreri M, Antonelli A, Bernardo S, Porpora MG, Giancotti A, Catalano C, Manganaro L. Diffusion and perfusion quantified by Magnetic Resonance Imaging are markers of human placenta development in normal pregnancy. Placenta 2017; 58:33-39. [PMID: 28962693 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the potential of bi-exponential model of diffusion-weighted (DW) signal decay to quantify diffusion and perfusion changes in human placenta of normal pregnancies due to its development. METHODS 26 normal pregnancies at 19-37 weeks of gestation underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination at 1.5 T. DW Spin-Echo Echo Planar Imaging with diffusion gradients applied along 3 no-coplanar directions at seven different b-values (0,50,100,150,400,700,1000 s/mm2) was used. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pseudodiffusion (D*) and perfusion fraction (f) were extracted in selected placenta regions: umbilical (U-ROI), central (C-ROI) and peripheral (P-ROI). The relation between ADC, D*, f and mother age, gestational age (GA), Body-Mass Index (BMI), basal Glycaemia (bG), were evaluated. Pearson correlation with Bonferroni correction was used. RESULTS A significant negative correlation was found between ADC and GA, for GA≥30w in P-ROI, while no-dependence of ADC on GA was observed in GA range 19-29 weeks. A positive linear correlation was found between f and GA in the C-ROI and between f and GA in P-ROI for GA≥30 week. No significant correlations were found between ADC, D*, f and age, BMI, bG. CONCLUSION ADC measurements in P-ROI of normal placenta reflects tissue changes occurring in the third trimester of gestation. Specifically, ADC decreases with GA increase. Besides, f increases with the GA increase in the C-ROI and during the third trimester of pregnancy in the P-ROI. These results suggest the potential of diffusion and perfusion parameters extracted by using a biexponential model to provide information about placenta changes during its development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Guerreri
- CNR ISC Roma Sapienza, Physics Department, Rome, Italy; SAIMLAL Department, Morphogenesis & Tissue Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Amanda Antonelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bernardo
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Porpora
- Department of Gynecological, Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Giancotti
- Department of Gynecological, Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Catalano
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Manganaro
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Mandl P, Kainberger F, Friberg Hitz M. Imaging in osteoporosis in rheumatic diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2016; 30:751-765. [PMID: 27931966 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common comorbidity of all major rheumatic diseases, and manifests itself both systemically and locally. Systemic bone loss manifests because of several factors, primarily inflammation, immobility, and commonly used medical treatment for rheumatic diseases. Local bone loss manifests as periarticular demineralization and bone erosion due to local release of inflammatory agents and cytokines, which promote bone resorption. All these factors contribute to the phenomenon of arthritis-associated osteoporosis. This review summarized the currently available and used methods that play a role in the diagnosis and monitoring of osteoporosis and in the detection of osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mandl
- Division of Rheumatology, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 18-20 Währinger Gürtel, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Franz Kainberger
- Division of Neuro- and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 18-20 Währinger Gürtel, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Mette Friberg Hitz
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Zealand University Hospital, Lykkebaekvej 1, 4600 Koege, Denmark.
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