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Su Y, Zhou X, Meng H, Xia T, Liu H, Rolshausen P, Roper C, McLean JE, Zhang Y, Keller AA, Jassby D. Cost-benefit analysis of nanofertilizers and nanopesticides emphasizes the need to improve the efficiency of nanoformulations for widescale adoption. NATURE FOOD 2022; 3:1020-1030. [PMID: 37118298 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-022-00647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based approaches have demonstrated encouraging results for sustainable agriculture production, particularly in the field of fertilizers and pesticide innovation. It is essential to evaluate the economic and environmental benefits of these nanoformulations. Here we estimate the potential revenue gain/loss associated with nanofertilizer and/or nanopesticide use, calculate the greenhouse gas emissions change from the use of nanofertilizer and identify feasible applications and critical issues. The cost-benefit analysis demonstrates that, while current nanoformulations show promise in increasing the net revenue from crops and lowering the environmental impact, further improving the efficiency of nanoformulations is necessary for their widescale adoption. Innovating nanoformulation for targeted delivery, lowering the greenhouse gas emissions associated with nanomaterials and minimizing the content of nanomaterials in the derived nanofertilizers or pesticides can substantially improve both economic and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Su
- Utah Water Research Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, National Facility Agriculture Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, California NanoSystems Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Philippe Rolshausen
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Caroline Roper
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Joan E McLean
- Utah Water Research Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, National Facility Agriculture Engineering Technology Research Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Arturo A Keller
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - David Jassby
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Yadav R, Malhotra A, Mishra A. Data Envelopment Analysis and Decision Maker Models: An Innovative Approach for Optimization of Reaction Variables of Graft Copolymerization of Poly(butyl acrylate) to Tamarind Seed Xyloglucan. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Yadav
- Department of Applied Chemistry University School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences Gautam Buddha University Greater Noida 201312 India
| | - AnnuVij Malhotra
- Department of Chemistry University Institute of Engineering and Technology CSJM University Kanpur 208024 India
| | - Anuradha Mishra
- Department of Applied Chemistry University School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences Gautam Buddha University Greater Noida 201312 India
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Guo Y, Zhang M, Liu Z, Tian X, Zhang S, Zhao C, Lu H. Modeling and Optimizing the Synthesis of Urea-formaldehyde Fertilizers and Analyses of Factors Affecting these Processes. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29540771 PMCID: PMC5852125 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research into the synthesis of urea-formaldehyde fertilizers was mostly based on orthogonal experimental designs or single factor tests; this led to low precision for synthesis and relatively large ranges of parameters for these processes. To obtain mathematical response models for the synthesis of urea-formaldehyde fertilizers with different nitrogen release properties, a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology was used in our research to examine the effects of different reaction times, temperatures, and molar ratios on nitrogen insoluble in either hot or cold water. Our results showed that nitrogen insoluble in cold or hot water from urea-formaldehyde fertilizers were mainly affected by urea: formaldehyde molar ratios. Also, quadratic polynomial mathematical models were established for urea-formaldehyde. According to the models, the optimal process parameters which maximize cold-water-insoluble nitrogen and minimize hot-water-insoluble nitrogen for the synthesis of urea formaldehyde were as follows urea: formaldehyde molar ratio was 1.33, reaction temperature was 43.5 °C, and reaction time was 1.64 h. Under these conditions, the content of cold-water-insoluble nitrogen was 22.14%, and hot-water-insoluble nitrogen was 9.87%. The model could be an effective tool for predicting properties of urea-formaldehyde slow release fertilizers if the experimental conditions were held within the design limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanle Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Min Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Nutrition Resources Integrated Utilization, Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Linshu, 276700, China.
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Xiaofei Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shugang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chenhao Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Hao Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
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