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Velvizhi G, Nair R, Goswami C, Arumugam SK, Shetti NP, Aminabhavi TM. Carbon credit reduction: A techno-economic analysis of "drop-in" fuel production. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120507. [PMID: 36341830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study elucidates the fundamentals of technical, financial, and environmental viability of the processes used for sustainable "drop-in" fuel generation. At present, the price of producing "drop-in" fuels is around two times as costly (5-6 USD/gallon) as the cost of fossil fuels (3 USD/gallon), especially when using second-generation feedstocks. Hence, this necessitates a comprehensive techno-economic understanding of the current technologies with respect to "drop-in"-fuel. This entitles technical-economic viability, and environmental sustainability to make the processes involved commercially viable. In this context, the present review addresses unique contrasts among the various processes involved in "drop-in" fuel production. Furthermore, principles and process flow of techno-economic analysis as well as environmental implications in terms of reduced carbon footprint and carbon credit are elucidated to discuss fundamentals of techno-economic analysis in terms of capital and operational expenditure, revenue, simulation, cash flow analysis, mass and energy balances with respect to evidence-based practices. Case specific techno-economic studies with current developments in this field of research with emphasis on software tools viz., Aspen Plus, Aspen HYSIS, Aspen Plus Economic Analyser (APEC) Aspen Icarus Process Evaluator (AIPE) are also highlighted. The study also emphasis on the carbon foot print of biofuels and its carbon credits (Carbon Offset Credits (COCs) and Carbon Reduction Credits (CRCs)) by leveraging a deep technical and robust business-oriented insights about the techno-economic analysis (TEA) exclusively for the biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Velvizhi
- CO(2) Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Rishika Nair
- CO(2) Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Chandamita Goswami
- CO(2) Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014, India
| | | | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
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Watanabe S, Matsunami N, Okuma I, Naythen PT, Fujibayashi M, Iseri Y, Hao A, Kuba T. Blue light irradiation increases the relative abundance of the diatom Nitzschia palea in co-culture with cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10707. [PMID: 35403347 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lake eutrophication is associated with cyanobacterial blooms. The pennate diatom Nitzschia palea (N. palea) inhibits the growth of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa); therefore, increasing the relative abundance of N. palea may contribute to the inhibition of Microcystis blooms. Several studies have demonstrated that blue light irradiation promotes diatom growth and inhibits cyanobacterial growth. In this study, we evaluated the effects of blue light irradiation on N. palea and M. aeruginosa abundance. Monocultures and co-cultures of N. palea and M. aeruginosa were exposed to blue light and fluorescent light at 32 μmol photons m-2 s-1 . The relative abundance of N. palea under fluorescent light decreased gradually, whereas the abundance under blue light was relatively higher (approximately 74% and 98% under fluorescent light and blue light, respectively, at the end of the experiment). The inhibition efficiency of blue light on the growth rate of M. aeruginosa was related to the light intensity. The optimal light intensity was considered 20 μmol photons m-2 s-1 based on the inhibition efficiency of 100%. Blue light irradiation can be used to increase the abundance of N. palea to control Microcystis blooms. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The effects of blue light irradiation on N. palea abundance was discussed. Monocultures and co-cultures of N. palea and M. aeruginosa were exposed to blue light and to fluorescent light. The relative abundance of N. palea increased upon irradiation with blue light in co-culture with M. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Watanabe
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsunami
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ikki Okuma
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Megumu Fujibayashi
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Iseri
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Aimin Hao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Takahiro Kuba
- Central Water Authority Head Office, Phoenix, Mauritius
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Goshtasbi H, Atazadeh E, Movafeghi A. Polyphasic study of three cyanobacteria species from Kani Barazan international wetland in the northwest of Iran using morphological, molecular, biochemical, and bioinformatics approaches. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Chia SR, Nomanbhay SBHM, Chew KW, Munawaroh HSH, Shamsuddin AH, Show PL. Algae as potential feedstock for various bioenergy production. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131944. [PMID: 34438210 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Depletion of non-renewable feedstock and severe wastewater pollution due to human activities have created negative impact to living organisms. The potential solution is to implement wastewater treatment and bioelectricity production through algae-based microbial fuel cell. The algae biomass produced from microbial fuel cell could be further processed to generate biofuels through their unique compositions. The consumption of nutrients in wastewater through algae cultivation and biomass produced to be utilized for energy supply have showed the potential of algae to solve the issues faced nowadays. This review introduces the background of algae and mitigation of wastewater using algae as well as the bioenergy status in Malaysia. The mechanisms of nutrient assimilation such as nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, and heavy metals are included, followed by the application of algae in microbial fuel cell's chambers. Lastly, the status of algae for bioenergy production are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shir Reen Chia
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Saifuddin Bin Hj M Nomanbhay
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh
- Study Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia
| | - Abd Halim Shamsuddin
- AAIBE Chair of Renewable Energy, Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Influence of Carbohydrate Additives on the Growth Rate of Microalgae Biomass with an Increased Carbohydrate Content. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19070381. [PMID: 34356806 PMCID: PMC8305958 DOI: 10.3390/md19070381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study focused on investigating the possibilities of controlling the accumulation of carbohydrates in certain microalgae species (Arthrospira platensis Gomont, Chlorella vulgaris Beijer, and Dunaliella salina Teod) to determine their potential in biofuel production (biohydrogen). It was found that after the introduction of carbohydrates (0.05 g⋅L−1) into the nutrient medium, the growth rate of the microalgae biomass increased, and the accumulation of carbohydrates reached 41.1%, 47.9%, and 31.7% for Arthrospira platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, and Dunaliella salina, respectively. Chlorella vulgaris had the highest total carbohydrate content (a mixture of glucose, fructose, sucrose, and maltose, 16.97%) among the studied microalgae, while for Arthrospira platensis and Dunaliella salina, the accumulation of total carbohydrates was 9.59% and 8.68%, respectively. Thus, the introduction of carbohydrates into the nutrient medium can stimulate their accumulation in the microalgae biomass, an application of biofuel production (biohydrogen).
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Ndayisenga F, Yu Z, Yan G, Phulpoto IA, Li Q, Kumar H, Fu L, Zhou D. Using easy-to-biodegrade co-substrate to eliminate microcystin toxic on electrochemically active bacteria and enhance bioelectricity generation from cyanobacteria biomass. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:142292. [PMID: 33182012 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial biomass is a promising natural resource for power generation, through the reactions bio-catalyzed by electrochemically active bacteria (EAB). However, the major limitation is the involvement of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in inhibiting EAB activation. In this work, toxic M. aeruginosa biomass was employed as analyte of a microbial fuel cell (MFC), and sodium acetate was applied as easy-to-biodegrade co-substrate to alleviate the MC-LR stress on EAB survival. The running stability was continuously enhanced with the increment of co-substrate concentration. The sufficient co-substrate supply (6.0 mM) eliminated the negative effects of MC-LR on the cyanobacteria biomass fed-MFC performance; it contributed 12.7% extension on the electric cyclic terms and caused the productions of the power density which was comparable and even 3.8% higher than its corresponding control (MFC treated with acetate alone). The co-substrate addition also increased coulombic efficiency by 60.1%, microcystin-LR removal efficiency increased by 64.7%, and diversified the microbial community with more species able to biodegrade the MC-LR, bio-transforming the metabolites and EAB. Microcystin-degrading bacteria, such as Sphingopyxis sp., Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia, and Bacillus sp., were remarkably increased, and EAB, including Shewanella sp., Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Aeromonas hydrophila, were also much more enriched in co-substrate use protocol. Therefore, this study verified a co-substrate strategy for simultaneously eliminating MC-LR toxin and enhancing bioelectricity generation from cyanobacterial biomass via an MFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Ndayisenga
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ge Yan
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Irfan Ali Phulpoto
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingcheng Li
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Haresh Kumar
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery of Jilin Province, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
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de Oliveira DT, da Costa AAF, Costa FF, da Rocha Filho GN, do Nascimento LAS. Advances in the Biotechnological Potential of Brazilian Marine Microalgae and Cyanobacteria. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122908. [PMID: 32599827 PMCID: PMC7356545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due the worldwide need to improve care for the environment and people, there is a great demand for the development of new renewable, sustainable, and less polluting technologies for food, health, and environmental industries. The marine environment is one of the main areas investigated in the search for alternatives to the raw materials currently used. Thereby, cyanobacteria and marine microalgae are microorganisms that are capable of producing a diverse range of metabolites useful for their cellular maintenance, but that also represent a great biotechnological potential. Due its great potential, they have an enormous appeal in the scientific research where, the biological activity of metabolites produced by these microorganisms, such as the antioxidant action of sterols are, some examples of biotechnological applications investigated around the world. Thereby, Brazil due to its extensive biodiversity, has high potential as a raw material supplier of marine waters, researching cyanobacteria and microalgae metabolites and their applications. Thus, this rapid review intends to present some important contributions and advances from Brazilian researchers, using the biomass of Brazilian cyanobacteria and marine microalgae, in order to illustrate the value of what has already been discovered and the enormous potential of what remains unexplored so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Terra de Oliveira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Universidade Federal do Pará, Perimetral Avenue, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-750, Brazil; (A.A.F.d.C.); (G.N.d.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (D.T.d.O.); (L.A.S.d.N.); Tel.: +55-919-8171-4947
| | - Ana Alice Farias da Costa
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Universidade Federal do Pará, Perimetral Avenue, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-750, Brazil; (A.A.F.d.C.); (G.N.d.R.F.)
- Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Graduation Program in Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Fernandes Costa
- Campus of Salinópolis, Universidade Federal do Pará, Salinópolis, Pará, CEP 68721-000, Brazil;
| | - Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Universidade Federal do Pará, Perimetral Avenue, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-750, Brazil; (A.A.F.d.C.); (G.N.d.R.F.)
- Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Graduation Program in Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Luís Adriano Santos do Nascimento
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Universidade Federal do Pará, Perimetral Avenue, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-750, Brazil; (A.A.F.d.C.); (G.N.d.R.F.)
- Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Graduation Program in Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.T.d.O.); (L.A.S.d.N.); Tel.: +55-919-8171-4947
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Optimization of Light Intensity and NaNO 3 Concentration in Amazon Cyanobacteria Cultivation to Produce Biodiesel. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122326. [PMID: 31238580 PMCID: PMC6630786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study, for the first time, was to optimize Amazonian cyanobacterial culture conditions for improving cell productivity and lipid content, by analyzing the effect of light intensity and nitrogen concentration, for empirically evaluating biodiesel quality parameters. The strains Synechocystis sp. CACIAM05, Microcystis aeruginosa CACIAM08, Pantanalinema rosaneae CACIAM18, and Limnothrix sp. CACIAM25, were previously identified by morphological and molecular analysis (16S rRNA) and were selected based on their production of chlorophyll a and dry cell weight. Then, factorial planning (22) with central points was applied, with light intensity and NaNO3 concentration as independent variables. As response variables, cell productivity and lipid content were determined. Statistical analysis indicated that for all strains, the independent variables were statistically significant for cell productivity. Analysis of the fatty acid composition demonstrated diversity in the composition of the fatty acid profile from the experimental planning assays of each strain. The Biodiesel Analyzer software predicted the biodiesel quality parameters. CACIAM05 and CACIAM25 obtained better parameters with low levels of light intensity and NaNO3 concentration, whereas CACIAM08 and CACIAM18 obtained better parameters with low NaNO3 concentrations and high luminous intensity.
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Khan MI, Shin JH, Kim JD. Crude microcystins extracted from Microcystis aeruginosa exert anti-obesity effects by downregulating angiogenesis and adipogenesis related signaling molecules in HUVEC and 3 T3-L1 cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:100. [PMID: 31068163 PMCID: PMC6505220 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases including diabetes, cancer, arthritis, and cardiovascular diseases. Angiogenesis nourishes adipose tissues and contributes to obesity; it can be prevented by suppressing the expression of associated signaling molecules. Natural products have garnered attention owing to their safety and efficacy in treating several diseases, including obesity. Methods Crude Microcystins were extracted from the blooming Microcystis aeruginosa under stress conditions, by ultrasonication following by solvent extraction. The microcystin extract was evaluated for its potential of inhibiting angiogenesis and adipogenesis. The antiangiogenic activity of the microcystins extract was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and its anti-obesity activity was determined in vitro by quantification of the accumulated lipids in mouse 3 T3-L1 cells via Oil Red O staining method. Results The microcystin extract suppressed HUVECs proliferation and tubes formation in Matrigel in a dose-dependent manner. RT-PCR analysis revealed the downregulation of the mRNA expression of angiogenesis-related signaling molecules, such as PI3K, β-catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), vascular endothelial-cadherin, Akt1, and NF-κB. Additionally, it inhibited the differentiation of premature 3 T3 cells and lipid accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. It suppressed adipogenesis and lipogenesis by reducing the expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein. Conclusions Crude microcystin exerts anti-angiogenic and anti-obesity effects due to the inhibitory effects on the genes expression of associated signaling molecules and transcriptional factors.
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Khan MI, Shin JH, Kim JD. The promising future of microalgae: current status, challenges, and optimization of a sustainable and renewable industry for biofuels, feed, and other products. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:36. [PMID: 29506528 PMCID: PMC5836383 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have recently attracted considerable interest worldwide, due to their extensive application potential in the renewable energy, biopharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. Microalgae are renewable, sustainable, and economical sources of biofuels, bioactive medicinal products, and food ingredients. Several microalgae species have been investigated for their potential as value-added products with remarkable pharmacological and biological qualities. As biofuels, they are a perfect substitute to liquid fossil fuels with respect to cost, renewability, and environmental concerns. Microalgae have a significant ability to convert atmospheric CO2 to useful products such as carbohydrates, lipids, and other bioactive metabolites. Although microalgae are feasible sources for bioenergy and biopharmaceuticals in general, some limitations and challenges remain, which must be overcome to upgrade the technology from pilot-phase to industrial level. The most challenging and crucial issues are enhancing microalgae growth rate and product synthesis, dewatering algae culture for biomass production, pretreating biomass, and optimizing the fermentation process in case of algal bioethanol production. The present review describes the advantages of microalgae for the production of biofuels and various bioactive compounds and discusses culturing parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, San 96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 South Korea
| | - Jin Hyuk Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, San 96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 South Korea
| | - Jong Deog Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, San 96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 South Korea
- Research Center on Anti-Obesity and Health Care, Chonnam National University, San 96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 South Korea
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Khan MI, Lee MG, Shin JH, Kim JD. Pretreatment optimization of the biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa for efficient bioethanol production. AMB Express 2017; 7:19. [PMID: 28063146 PMCID: PMC5218947 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are considered to be the future promising sources of biofuels and bio products. The algal carbohydrates can be fermented to bioethanol after pretreatment process. Efficient pretreatment of the biomass is one of the major requirements for commercialization of the algal based biofuels. In present study the microalga, M. aeruginsa was used for pretreatment optimization and bioethanol production. Treatment of algal biomass with CaO before acid and/or enzymatic hydrolysis enhanced the degradation of algal cells. Monomeric sugars yield was increased more than twice when biomass was pretreated with CaO. Similarly, an increase was noted in the amount of fermentable sugars when biomass was subjected to invertase saccharification after acid or lysozyme pretreatment. Highest yield of fermentable sugars (16 mM/ml) in the centrifuged algal juice was obtained. 4 Different microorganisms' species were used individually and in combination for converting centrifuged algal juice to bioethanol. Comparatively higher yield of bioethanol (60 mM/ml) was obtained when the fermenter microorganisms were used in combination. The results demonstrated that M. arginase biomass can be efficiently pretreated to get higher yield of fermentable sugars for enhanced yield of bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam Natational University, San96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 Korea
| | - Moon Geon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam Natational University, San96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 Korea
| | - Jin Hyuk Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam Natational University, San96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 Korea
| | - Jong Deog Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam Natational University, San96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 Korea
- Research Center on Anti-Obesity and Health Care, Chonnam National University, San96-1, Dun-Duk Dong, Yeosu, Chonnam 550-749 Korea
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