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Li K, Yu XH, Maskey AR, Musa I, Wang ZZ, Garcia V, Guo A, Yang N, Srivastava K, Dunkin D, Li JX, Guo L, Cheng YC, Yuan H, Tiwari R, Li XM. Cytochrome P450 3A4 suppression by epimedium and active compound kaempferol leads to synergistic anti-inflammatory effect with corticosteroid. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1042756. [PMID: 36793921 PMCID: PMC9922998 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1042756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 is a major drug metabolizing enzyme for corticosteroids (CS). Epimedium has been used for asthma and variety of inflammatory conditions with or without CS. It is unknown whether epimedium has an effect on CYP 3A4 and how it interacts with CS. We sought to determine the effects of epimedium on CYP3A4 and whether it affects the anti-inflammatory function of CS and identify the active compound responsible for this effect. Methods: The effect of epimedium on CYP3A4 activity was evaluated using the Vivid CYP high-throughput screening kit. CYP3A4 mRNA expression was determined in human hepatocyte carcinoma (HepG2) cells with or without epimedium, dexamethasone, rifampin, and ketoconazole. TNF-α levels were determined following co-culture of epimedium with dexamethasone in a murine macrophage cell line (Raw 264.7). Active compound (s) derived from epimedium were tested on IL-8 and TNF-α production with or without corticosteroid, on CYP3A4 function and binding affinity. Results: Epimedium inhibited CYP3A4 activity in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone enhanced the expression of CYP3A4 mRNA, while epimedium inhibited the expression of CYP3A4 mRNA and further suppressed dexamethasone enhancement of CYP3A4 mRNA expression in HepG2 cells (p < 0.05). Epimedium and dexamethasone synergistically suppressed TNF-α production by RAW cells (p < 0.001). Eleven epimedium compounds were screened by TCMSP. Among the compounds identified and tested only kaempferol significantly inhibited IL-8 production in a dose dependent manner without any cell cytotoxicity (p < 0.01). Kaempferol in combination with dexamethasone showed complete elimination of TNF-α production (p < 0.001). Furthermore, kaempferol showed a dose dependent inhibition of CYP3A4 activity. Computer docking analysis showed that kaempferol significantly inhibited the catalytic activity of CYP3A4 with a binding affinity of -44.73kJ/mol. Discussion: Inhibition of CYP3A4 function by epimedium and its active compound kaempferol leads to enhancement of CS anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Guangdong Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Xiu-Hua Yu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Anish R. Maskey
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Ibrahim Musa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Zhen-Zheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Austin Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,General Nutraceutical Technology, Elmsford, NY, United States
| | - Kamal Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,General Nutraceutical Technology, Elmsford, NY, United States
| | - David Dunkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jun-Xiong Li
- Guangdong Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Longgang Guo
- Guangzhou ImVin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, China
| | - Haoliang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Raj Tiwari
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Xiu-Min Li
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,Department of Otolaryngology, Westchester Medical Center New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Xiu-Min Li,
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Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Seven Qi-Tonifying Chinese Medicine Injections for AECOPD Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6517515. [PMID: 34819982 PMCID: PMC8608497 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6517515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) imposes a large burden on economy and society worldwide. In addition to western medicine, multiple kinds of qi-tonifying Chinese medicine injections have been widely used in China as adjunctive treatments. Previous small-sample clinical trials have proven their efficacy in the treatment of AECOPD. However, data on comparative effectiveness and safety of qi-tonifying injections are limited. We conducted this network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of 7 commonly used qi-tonifying injections in patients with AECOPD. Methods Literature search was conducted through electronic databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang database, and VIP database. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) exploring the efficacy of any of these 7 qi-tonifying injections were included. The primary outcome was lung function (FEV1 and FVC). R 4.0.0 and STATA 12.0 were adopted to perform the network meta-analysis using Bayesian statistics. Results A total of 36 RCTs involving 2657 participants were included. The results of network meta-analyses indicated that Chuankezhi injection (CKZ) combined with routine treatment (RT) was superior to other qi-tonifying injections combined with RT in terms of FEV1 improvement (MD = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.22, 1.04). For improving FVC, Shengmai injection (SGM) combined with RT showed the greatest therapeutic effect (MD = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.61). Moreover, SGM combined with RT revealed the best estimates for response rate (MD = 4.00, 95% CI: 1.34, 13.63). The main adverse events in this study were gastrointestinal reactions and injection site reactions. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion In this network meta-analysis, SGM and CKZ were potential best adjunctive therapies in the treatment of AECOPD.
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Kuang G, Yi H, Zhu M, Zhou J, Shang X, Zhao Z, Zhu C, Liao Q, Guan S, Zhang L. Study of Absorption Characteristics of the Total Saponins from Radix Ilicis Pubescentis in an In Situ Single-Pass Intestinal Perfusion (SPIP) Rat Model by Using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111867. [PMID: 29104273 PMCID: PMC6150237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the extensively reported therapeutic activities, far less attention has been paid to the intestinal absorption of the total saponins from Radix Ilicis Pubescentis (in Chinese Mao-Dong-Qing, MDQ). This study aimed to investigate the intestinal absorption characteristics of ilexgenin A (C1), ilexsaponin A1 (C2), ilexsaponin B1 (C3), ilexsaponin B2 (C4), ilexsaponin B3 (DC1), and ilexoside O (DC2) when administrated with the total saponins from MDQ (MDQ-TS). An UPLC method for simultaneous determination of C1, C2, C3, C4, DC1, and DC2 in intestinal outflow perfusate was developed and validated. The absorption characteristics of MDQ-TS were investigated by evaluating the effects of intestinal segments, drug concentration, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor (verapomil), endocytosis inhibitor (amantadine) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, tight junction modulator) on the intestinal transportation of MDQ-TS by using a single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) rat model, and the influence of co-existing components on the intestinal transport of the six saponins was discussed. The results showed that effective apparent permeability (Papp) of C1, C2, C3, C4, and DC2 administrated in MDQ-TS form had no segment-dependent changes at low and middle dosage levels. C1, C2, C3, D4, DC1, and DC2 administrated in MDQ-TS form all exhibited excellent transmembrane permeability with Papp > 0.12 × 10−2 cm·min−1. Meanwhile, Papp and effective absorption rate constant (Ka) values for the most saponins showed concentration dependence and saturation characteristics. After combining with P-gp inhibitor of verapamil, Papp of C2, C3, and DC1 in MDQ-TS group was significantly increased up to about 2.3-fold, 1.4-fold, and 3.4-fold, respectively in comparison to that of non-verapamil added group. Verapamil was found to improve the absorption of C2, C3, and DC1, indicating the involvement of an active transport mechanism in the absorption process. Compared with the non-amantadine added group, the absorption of C1, C2, C4, DC1, and DC2 were decreased by 40%, 71%, 31%, 53%, and 100%, respectively. Papp for the six target compounds increased up to about 1.2–2.1-fold in comparison with the non-EDTA added, respectively. The gastrointestinal transport of MDQ-TS could be greatly promoted by EDTA, and inhibited by amantadine, implying that the intestinal absorption of MDQ-TS was by passive diffusion and endocytosis process. Compared with monomer administration group, the intestinal absorption of C3, C4, DC1, and DC2 was significantly improved by co-existing components in MDQ-TS, and the non-absorbable saponins of C4, DC1, and DC2 unexpectedly showed sufficient intestinal permeability with Papp > 0.12 × 10−2 cm·min−1. This suggested that compounds orally administrated in TCM extract forms displayed unique intestinal absorption characteristics different from those of monomers, and the enhancing intestinal absorption of MDQ-TS reflected a holistic and specific view of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Kuang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Division of Biochemical Drugs, Guangzhou Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou 510160, China.
| | - Huan Yi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Mingjuan Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xueying Shang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhongxiang Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shixia Guan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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