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García-Villén F, Souza IM, de Melo Barbosa R, Borrego-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Espejo R, Ojeda-Riascos S, Iborra CV. Natural Inorganic Ingredients in Wound Healing. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:621-641. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200113162114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background:
One of the major clinical challenges is to achieve a rapid and efficient treatment of complex chronic wounds. Nowadays, most wound dressings currently available are unable to find a solution the challenges of resistance to bacterial infection, protein adsorption and increased levels of exudates. Natural inorganic ingredients (clay minerals, metal cations, zeolites, etc) could be the key to solve the problem satisfactorily. Some of these materials have shown biocompatibility and ability to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation and cellular differentiation and uptake. Besides, some natural inorganic ingredients effectively retain drugs, allowing the design of drug delivery matrices.
Objective:
possibilities of natural inorganic ingredients in wound healing treatments have been reviewed, the following sections have been included:
1. Introduction
2. Functions of Inorganic Ingredients in wound healing
2.1. Antimicrobial effects
2.2. Hemostatic effects
3. Clay minerals for wound healing
3.1. Clay minerals
3.2. Clay mineral semisolid formulations
3.3. Clay/polymer composites and nanocomposites
3.4. Clay minerals in wound dressings
4. Other inorganic materials for wound healing
4.1. Zeolites
4.2. Silica and other silicates
4.3. Other minerals
4.4. Transition metals
5. Conclusion
Conclusion:
inorganic ingredients possess useful features in the development of chronic wounds advanced treatments. They improve physical (mechanical resistance and water vapor transmission), chemical (release of drugs, hemostasis and/or adsorption of exudates and moisture) and biological (antimicrobial effects and improvement of healing) properties of wound dressings. In summary, inorganic ingredients have proved to be a promising and easily accessible products in the treatment of wounds and, more importantly, chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima García-Villén
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Iane M.S. Souza
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel de Melo Barbosa
- Laboratory of Drug Development, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ana Borrego-Sánchez
- Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Rita Sánchez-Espejo
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Ojeda-Riascos
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - César V. Iborra
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Perioli L, Pagano C, Ceccarini MR. Current Highlights About the Safety of Inorganic Nanomaterials in Healthcare. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:2147-2165. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180723121804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
:
In recent years inorganic materials are largely present in products intended for
health care. Literature gives many examples of inorganic materials used in many healthcare
products, mainly in pharmaceutical field.
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Silver, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, gold, mesoporous silica, hydrotalcite-like compound
and nanoclays are the most common inorganic materials used in nanosized form for
different applications in the health field. Generally, these materials are employed to realize
formulations for systemic use, often with the aim to perform a specific targeting to the pathological
site. The nanometric dimensions are often preferred to obtain the cellular internalization
when the target is localized in the intracellular space.
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Some materials are frequently used in topical formulations as rheological agents, adsorbents,
mattifying agents, physical sunscreen (e.g. zinc oxide, titanium dioxide), and others.
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Recent studies highlighted that the use of nanosized inorganic materials can represent a risk
for health. The very small dimension (nanometric) until a few years ago represented a fundamental
requirement; however, it is currently held responsible for the inorganic material toxicity.
This aspect is very important to be considered as actually numerous inorganic materials
can be found in many products available in the market, often dedicated to infants and children.
These materials are used without taking into account their dimensional properties with
increased risk for the user/patient.
:
This review deals with a deep analysis of current researches documenting the toxicity of
nanometric inorganic materials especially those largely used in products available in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Perioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Pagano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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