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Wang P, Pei X, Zhou W, Zhao Y, Gu P, Li Y, Gao J. Research and application progress of microbial β-mannanases: a mini-review. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:169. [PMID: 38630389 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Mannan is a predominant constituent of cork hemicellulose and is widely distributed in various plant tissues. β-Mannanase is the principal mannan-degrading enzyme, which breaks down the β-1,4-linked mannosidic bonds in mannans in an endo-acting manner. Microorganisms are a valuable source of β-mannanase, which exhibits catalytic activity in a wide range of pH and temperature, making it highly versatile and applicable in pharmaceuticals, feed, paper pulping, biorefinery, and other industries. Here, the origin, classification, enzymatic properties, molecular modification, immobilization, and practical applications of microbial β-mannanases are reviewed, the future research directions for microbial β-mannanases are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Pei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Zhou
- Weili Biotechnology (Shandong) Co., Ltd, Taian, 271400, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
| | - Juan Gao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Key Technologies for High-Value and High-Efficiency Full Industry Chain of Lonicera japonica, Linyi, 273399, PR China.
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Sadaqat B, Dar MA, Sha C, Abomohra A, Shao W, Yong YC. Thermophilic β-mannanases from bacteria: production, resources, structural features and bioengineering strategies. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:130. [PMID: 38460032 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
β-mannanases are pivotal enzymes that cleave the mannan backbone to release short chain mannooligosaccharides, which have tremendous biotechnological applications including food/feed, prebiotics and biofuel production. Due to the high temperature conditions in many industrial applications, thermophilic mannanases seem to have great potential to overcome the thermal impediments. Thus, structural analysis of thermostable β-mannanases is extremely important, as it could open up new avenues for genetic engineering, and protein engineering of these enzymes with enhanced properties and catalytic efficiencies. Under this scope, the present review provides a state-of-the-art discussion on the thermophilic β-mannanases from bacterial origin, their production, engineering and structural characterization. It covers broad insights into various molecular biology techniques such as gene mutagenesis, heterologous gene expression, and protein engineering, that are employed to improve the catalytic efficiency and thermostability of bacterial mannanases for potential industrial applications. Further, the bottlenecks associated with mannanase production and process optimization are also discussed. Finally, future research related to bioengineering of mannanases with novel protein expression systems for commercial applications are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Sadaqat
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Box 124, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mudasir A Dar
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Sha
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China
| | - Abdelfatah Abomohra
- Aquatic Ecophysiology and Phycology, Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22609, Germany
| | - Weilan Shao
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang-Chun Yong
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China.
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Djelid H, Flahaut S, Oudjama Y, Wauven CV, Kacem Chaouche N. High NaCl concentrations induce the resistance to thermal denaturation of an extremely halotolerant (salt-activated) β-mannanase from Bacillus velezensis H1. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:304. [PMID: 37691038 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
β-mannanase catalyzes the hydrolysis of mannans β-1,4-mannosidic linkages to produce industrially relevant oligosaccharides. These enzymes have numerous important applications in the detergent, food, and feed industries, particularly those that are resistant to harsh environmental conditions such as salts and heat. While, moderately salt-tolerant β-mannanases are already reported, existence of a high halotolerant β-mannanase is still elusive. This study aims to report the first purification and characterization of ManH1, an extremely halotolerant β-mannanase from the halotolerant B. velezensis strain H1. Electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF-MS) analysis revealed a single major peak with a molecular mass of 37.8 kDa demonstrating its purity. The purified enzyme showed a good thermostability as no activity was lost after a 48 h incubation under optimal conditions of 50 °C and pH 5.5. The enzyme's salt activation nature was revealed when its maximum activity was obtained in the presence of 4 M NaCl, it doubled compared to the no-salt condition. Moreover, NaCl strengthens its resistance to thermal denaturation, as its melting temperature (Tm) increased steadily with increasing NaCl concentrations reaching 75.5 °C in the presence of 2.5 M NaCl. The Km and Vmax values were 5.63 mg/mL and 333.33 µmol/min/mL, respectively, using carob galactomannan (CG) as a substrate. The enzyme showed a significant ability to produce manno-oligosaccharides (MOS) from lignocellulosic biomass releasing 13 mg/mL of reducing sugars from olive mill wastes (OMW) after 24 h incubation. The results revealed that this enzyme may have significant commercial values for agro-waste treatment, and other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadjer Djelid
- Laboratoire de Mycologie, de Biotechnologie et de l'Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM), Département de Biologie Appliquée, FSNV, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Constantine, 25017, Algeria.
- Laboratoire de microbiologie appliquée, Ecole interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus du CERIA, Bât. 4B, 1 avenue Emile Gryson, Brussels, 1070, Belgium.
| | - Sigrid Flahaut
- Laboratoire de microbiologie appliquée, Ecole interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus du CERIA, Bât. 4B, 1 avenue Emile Gryson, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | | | | | - Noreddine Kacem Chaouche
- Laboratoire de Mycologie, de Biotechnologie et de l'Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM), Département de Biologie Appliquée, FSNV, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Constantine, 25017, Algeria
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The Purification and Biochemical Characterization of a Weissella cibaria F1 Derived β-Mannanase for Its Use in the Preparation of Konjac Oligo-Glucomannan with Immunomodulatory Properties. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8090468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mannanase with a molecular weight of 33.1 kDa was purified from Weissella cibaria F1. The F1 mannanase contained 289 amino acid residues and shared 70.0% similarity with mannanase from Bacillus subtilis (P55278 (MANB_BACIU)). The optimum reaction conditions of F1 mannanase were 50 °C and pH 6.5. After incubation at pH 4.5–8.0 and 30–60 °C for 2 h, the enzyme activity remained above 60%. The effects of metal ions on mannanase enzyme activity were measured, and Mn2+, Mg2+, and Cu2+ increased enzyme activity. The Km (16.96 ± 0.01 μmol·mL−1) and Vmax (1119.05 ± 0.14 μmol·min−1) values showed that the enzyme exhibited high affinity for locust bean gum. Mannanase was used to hydrolyze konjac glucomannan to produce konjac oligo-glucomannan (KOGM). KOGM increased the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 macrophages and enhanced nitric oxide, and cytokine production in macrophages, which showed potent immunostimulatory activity. In this study, the advantages of mannanase derived from lactic acid bacteria were utilized to expand the application of KOGM in the medical field, which is helpful to explore the broad prospects of KOGM in functional food or medicine.
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Ibrahim SNMM, Bankeeree W, Prasongsuk S, Punnapayak H, Lotrakul P. Production and characterization of thermostable acidophilic β-mannanase from Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL 58524 and its potential in mannooligosaccharide production from spent coffee ground galactomannan. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:237. [PMID: 36003897 PMCID: PMC9393121 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The maximum yield of the crude mannanase from Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL 58524 was 8.42 ± 0.18 U mL-1 when cultured for 72 h in the optimized medium containing 3% (w v-1) defatted spent coffee grounds (SCG) and 0.67% (w v-1) ammonium sulphate. Two forms of mannanase were observed in the crude enzyme and the principal mannanase was enriched to apparent homogeneity via sequential filtration and anion exchange chromatography. The molecular mass of the enzyme was approximately 63 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The enriched mannanase was active at high temperatures (45-75 °C) and a pH range from 3 to 6 with the maximum activity at 55 °C and pH 4.0. The enzyme was relatively thermostable with more than 75% of its initial activity remained after a 12 h incubation at 55 °C. The half-lives of the enriched mannanase were over 8 and 6 h at 60 and 65 °C, respectively. The enzyme was not adversely affected by chelator and most ions tested. This enzyme could hydrolyze both glucomannan and galactomannan and exhibited limited catalytic activity on beta-glucan. When the crude mannanase was used to hydrolyze galactomannan extracted from SCG, the maximum yield of reducing sugars mainly comprising of mannobiose (16.27 ± 0.84 mg 100 mg-1), and mannotriose (2.85 ± 0.20 mg 100 mg-1) was obtained at 58.22 ± 2.04 mg 100 mg-1 dry weight, under optimized condition (84.87 U g-1 mannanase, 41 h 34 min incubation at 55 °C and pH 4.0). These results suggested the prospect of the enzyme in mannan hydrolysis and mannooligosaccharide production at a larger scale. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03301-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahriar Nur Maulana Malik Ibrahim
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Wichanee Bankeeree
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Sehanat Prasongsuk
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
| | - Hunsa Punnapayak
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
| | - Pongtharin Lotrakul
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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Purohit A, Yadav SK. Genome sequencing of a novel Microbacterium camelliasinensis CIAB417 identified potential mannan hydrolysing enzymes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:219-229. [PMID: 35331789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Here, whole genome sequencing of Microbacterium sp. CIAB417 was conducted to determine its novelty at species level and identification of genes encoding for enzymes for mannan degradation. The draft genome was predicted to have 6.53 mbp length represented by 41 contigs and 6078 genes. However, only 82.35% genes were allocated for their functions. The whole genome phylogeny, ANI score (78.84%), GGDC (genome to genome distance calculations) show probability (DDH ≥ 70%) equal to 0% and difference in advanced biochemical properties among closely predicted species. The Microbacterium sp. CIAB417 was stipulated to be novel at species level. Isolate was named as Microbacterium camelliasinensis CIAB417 (accession no JAHZUT000000000) based on its isolation from a tea garden soil. Genome was predicted for three novel mannanase coding genes man1 (MZ702740), man2 (MZ702741), and man3 (MZ702737) that belong to the GH5 and GH113 family. Besides that, mannan side chain hydrolysing enzymes alpha-galactosidase (gla1; MZ702739) and beta-glucosidase (glu1; MZ702738) were also predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Purohit
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Sudesh Kumar Yadav
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, India.
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Liang Q, Zhan Y, Yuan M, Cao L, Zhu C, Mou H, Liu Z. Improvement of the Catalytic Ability of a Thermostable and Acidophilic β-Mannanase Using a Consensus Sequence Design Strategy. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:722347. [PMID: 34539615 PMCID: PMC8440911 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.722347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the catalytic efficiency of a thermostable and acidophilic β-mannanase (ManAK; derived from marine Aspergillus kawachii IFO 4308), three mutants were designed by amino acid sequence consensus analysis with a second β-mannanase (ManCbs), which also belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5) and has excellent catalytic efficiency. Three mutants were constructed and their biochemical characteristics were measured after heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris. The results revealed that the kcat/Km values of the three recombinant mannanases ManAKC292V, ManAKL293V, and ManAKL294H were enhanced by 303.0, 280.4, and 210.1%, respectively. Furthermore, ManAKL293V showed greater thermostability than ManAK, retaining 36.5% of the initial enzyme activity after incubation at 80°C for 5min. This study therefore provides a rational design strategy based on consensus sequence analysis to develop industrially valuable β-mannanase for future applications in marine aquafeed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuming Zhan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment for Animal Products, Jinan, China
| | - Mingxue Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Linyuan Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhemin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Wongsiridetchai C, Jonjaroen V, Sawangwan T, Charoenrat T, Chantorn S. Evaluation of prebiotic mannooligosaccharides obtained from spent coffee grounds for nutraceutical application. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ikram Ul Haq, Shakoor S, Nawaz A, Arshad Y, Mukhtar H. Purification and Characterization of Mannanase from Aspergillus awamori for Fruit Juice Clarification. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:459-468. [PMID: 32938340 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200916142305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit juice clarification is a challenging aspect of beverage industry which needs to be addressed for economical and hygienic production of fruit juices. OBJECTIVE Current study is focused on the complete purification, characterization and thermodynamic analysis of an efficient mannanase enzyme to analyze its applicability in biological clarification fruit juice. METHODS Mannanase production using Aspergillus awamori IIB037 in a 25 L stirred fermenter at pre optimized reaction conditions was carried out. Enzyme purification was carried out via series of steps. Characterization of enzyme along with kinetics and thermodynamic studies was conducted. Purified and characterized enzyme was assessed for its applicability in fruit juice clarification through clarification experiments on fresh apple juice. RESULTS Purification fold of 3.98 was obtained along with 86.80% purification yield of mannanase with specific activity of 158.16 U/mg. The molecular size of purified enzyme was determined as 66 kDa. The enzyme depicted 56% residual activity at 60°C after 8 hrs. Thermodynamic studies of an enzyme revealed enthalpy of activation (ΔH) and activation energy (Ea) as 30.53KJ/mol, 27.76KJ/mol, respectively. The enzyme activity increased in the presence of ß-mercaptoethanol surprisingly. On the other hand, methyl alcohol, ethanol, Hg2+ and Cu2+ inhibited enzyme activity. The enzyme showed Km and Vmax values of 11.07 mM and 19.08 μM min-1 for Locust Bean Gum (LBG) under optimal conditions. Juice treated with mannanase showed decrease in absorbance and increase in reducing sugar content. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that mannanase from Aspergillus awamori in its purified form has significant characteristics to be employed industrially for juice clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheeba Shakoor
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Nawaz
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yesra Arshad
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Purification of a Thermostable β-mannanase from Paenibacillus Thiaminolyticus - characterization and its Potential Use as a Detergent Additive. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endo-1, 4- β- D-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78) is a glycoside hydrolase involved in random cleavage of β-1, 4- D-manno-pyranosyl linkages within mannans and heteromannans and generates branched and linear oligosaccharides. A β-mannanase was purified from a thermotolerant bacterium Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus isolated from a soil sample. Enzyme was purified to homogeneity with specific activity of 8812 U/mg protein. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and native poly-acryl amide gel electrophoresis indicated that the purified mannanase is a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 38 kDa. The purified enzyme was found to be maximally active at temperature and pH of 60°C and 7.0, respectively. It was stable at 55°C for 24 h and maintained more than 50 % activity up to 3 h at 60°C. The enzyme was very stable in the pH range of 5.0-9.0. Purified β-mannanase demonstrated high stability after 1 h of pre-incubation with most of the tested organic solvents. Enzyme retained significant stability in the presence of various detergent additives, commercially available detergents and dish washing liquids. The high compatibility and substantial stability in the presence of nonionic detergents and dishwashing liquids confirmed its utility as an additive to dish washing liquids and laundry detergents. Enzyme exhibited efficacious de-staining of heteromannan based stains of chocolate ice cream and salad dressing in the wash performance test for detergent application. It also exhibited anti-soil redeposition effect on cotton swatches treated with tennis court clay and heteromannans.
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Hu L, Zhu X, Shang L, Teng Y, Li J, Li B. Inhibit the intrinsic bacteria from konjac glucomannan hydrosol for its improved viscosity stability. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nopvichai C, Charoenwongpaiboon T, Luengluepunya N, Ito K, Muanprasat C, Pichyangkura R. Production and purification of mannan oligosaccharide with epithelial tight junction enhancing activity. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7206. [PMID: 31304065 PMCID: PMC6611449 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mannanan oligosaccharide (MOS) is well-known as effective supplement food for livestock to increase their nutrients absorption and health status, but the structure and identification of bioactive MOS remain unclear. In this study, MOS production was accomplished, using enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated coconut meal substrate with recombinant mannanase. Methods The mannanase gene was cloned from Bacillus subtilis cAE24, then expressed in BL21. Purified Mannanase exhibit stability over a wide range of pH and temperature from pH 6-8 and 4 °C to 70 °C, respectively. SEM analysis revealed that sonication could change the surface characteristic of copra meal, which gave better MOS yield, compared to untreated substrates. The separation and purification of each MOS were achieved using Biogel-P2 column chromatography. Determination of biological active MOS species was also investigated. T84 cells were cultured and treated with each of the purified MOS species to determine their tight junction enhancing activity. Results Scanning electron microscope imaging showed that pretreatment using sonication could disrupt the surface of copra meal better than grinding alone, which can improve the production of MOS. Pentamer of MOS (M5) significantly increased tight junction integration of T84 cells measured with TEER (p < 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchai Nopvichai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Navaporn Luengluepunya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kazuo Ito
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rath Pichyangkura
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Aulitto M, Fusco S, Limauro D, Fiorentino G, Bartolucci S, Contursi P. Galactomannan degradation by thermophilic enzymes: a hot topic for biotechnological applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:32. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Zhou C, Xue Y, Ma Y. Characterization and high-efficiency secreted expression in Bacillus subtilis of a thermo-alkaline β-mannanase from an alkaliphilic Bacillus clausii strain S10. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:124. [PMID: 30098601 PMCID: PMC6087540 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background β-Mannanase catalyzes the cleavage of β-1,4-linked internal linkages of mannan backbone randomly to produce new chain ends. Alkaline and thermostable β-mannanases provide obvious advantages for many applications in biobleaching of pulp and paper, detergent industry, oil grilling operation and enzymatic production of mannooligosaccharides. However, only a few of them are commercially exploited as wild or recombinant enzymes, and none heterologous and secretory expression of alkaline β-mannanase in Bacillus subtilis expression system was reported. Alkaliphilic Bacillus clausii S10 showed high β-mannanase activity at alkaline condition. In this study, this β-mannanase was cloned, purified and characterized. The high-level secretory expression in B. subtilis was also studied. Results A thermo-alkaline β-mannanase (BcManA) gene encoding a 317-amino acid protein from alkaliphilic Bacillus clausii strain was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified mature BcManA exhibited maximum activity at pH 9.5 and 75 °C with good stability at pH 7.0–11.5 and below 80 °C. BcManA demonstrated high cleavage capability on polysaccharides containing β-1,4-mannosidic linkages, such as konjac glucomannan, locust bean gum, guar gum and sesbania gum. The highest specific activity of 2366.2 U mg−1 was observed on konjac glucomannan with the Km and kcat value of 0.62 g l−1 and 1238.9 s−1, respectively. The hydrolysis products were mainly oligosaccharides with a higher degree of polymerization than biose. BcManA also cleaved manno-oligosaccharides with polymerization degree more than 3 without transglycosylation. Furthermore, six signal peptides and two strong promoters were used for efficiently secreted expression optimization in B. subtilis WB600 and the highest extracellular activity of 2374 U ml−1 with secretory rate of 98.5% was obtained using SPlipA and P43 after 72 h cultivation in 2 × SR medium. By medium optimization using cheap nitrogen and carbon source of peanut meal and glucose, the extracellular activity reached 6041 U ml−1 after 72 h cultivation with 6% inoculum size by shake flask fermentation. Conclusions The thermo-alkaline β-mannanase BcManA showed good thermal and pH stability and high catalytic efficiency towards konjac glucomannan and locust bean gum, which distinguished from other reported β-mannanases and was a promising thermo-alkaline β-mannanase for potential industrial application. The extracellular BcManA yield of 6041 U ml−1, which was to date the highest reported yield by flask shake, was obtained in B. subtilis with constitutive expression vector. This is the first report for secretory expression of alkaline β-mannanase in B. subtilis protein expression system, which would significantly cut down the production cost of this enzyme. Also this research would be helpful for secretory expression of other β-mannanases in B. subtilis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0973-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yanfen Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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