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Che X, Chen Q, Liu Y, Gu L, Lu Z, Gu W, Wang J, Jiang W, Du J, Zhang X, Xu Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Xie Q, Yang Y. Analysis of 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine among children born in Hangzhou from 2017 to 2021. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1184059. [PMID: 37325318 PMCID: PMC10267870 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1184059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV13) has been introduced in Hangzhou since 2017, whereas its current immunization state in children is not clear. Therefore, this study aims to describe the PCV13 vaccination distribution among children born in Hangzhou from 2017 to 2021 to provide data for reducing vaccination differences among different populations. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used for data analysis and PCV13 vaccination related information of children was collected from children vaccination management system of Zhejiang Province (ZJCVMS). Results Among the 649,949 children born in Hangzhou from 2017 to 2021, 169,230 were vaccinated with an average full course vaccination rate of 26.0%. The full course vaccination rates in 5 years were different (P = 0.000) with an increasing trend (P fortrend < 0.01). The first dose vaccination rates were different in 5 years (P = 0.000) with an increasing trend (P fortrend < 0.01). The distribution of age when first dose PCV13 was administered varied, most people at 2 months and least people at 5 months. The full course vaccination rate varied by areas, highest in central urban areas and lowest in remote areas respectively (all P-value < 0.05). Overall, the full course vaccination rate of PCV13 was higher in the registered residence population than the non-registered residence population, which was 136,693 (31.4%) and 32,537 (15.1%) respectively (P = 0.000). The full course vaccination rates were the same between men and women (P = 0.502), which was 87,844 for men (26.0%) and 81,386 for women (26.1%). Conclusion Although the number of people who received PCV13 full course vaccination and received the first dose vaccination showed yearly increasing trends in Hangzhou, the full course vaccination rate for the whole population was relatively low. In addition, the PCV13 vaccination rates also differed by geography and household registration status. Measures such as expanding vaccination publicity or including national immunization should be taken to increase vaccination rates and reduce the differences in vaccination among groups with different characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinren Che
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Linping Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lintao Gu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaojun Lu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Gu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyang Xu
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuechao Zhang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qixin Xie
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Hovmand N, Byberg S, Larsen MB, Podlekareva D, Buck DL, Hansen BR. Necrotizing fasciitis and meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 9 N: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:358. [PMID: 31035964 PMCID: PMC6489194 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Necrotizing fasciitis is a deep infection of the fascia and subcutaneous tissue with a high mortality rate. Meningitis is an infection of the membranes surrounding the brain with a likewise high mortality rate. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis and it is an extremely rare cause of necrotizing fasciitis. Different subcapsular serotypes of S. pneumoniae are known to have diverse virulence. The serotype 9 N is associated with a high risk of death. Case presentation We report a case of a previously healthy 68-year-old female who presented at our clinic with complaints of pain in her left calf since having experienced a very painful leg cramp 3 weeks prior. Within a few hours after admission, she developed fever, neck stiffness and an altered mental state. Concurrently, the pain in her leg worsened. Upon further examination it was found that she suffered from both meningitis and necrotizing fasciitis due to S. pneumoniae, serotype 9 N. The patient survived and avoided leg amputation. Conclusions The patient suffered from two very lethal infections simultaneously. Both of them were caused by S. pneumoniae. We believe that her favorable outcome was, a result of prompt surgical intervention and appropriate antibiotic treatment. Our case underlines the importance of continuous reevaluation of the symptoms and clinical findings in patients with unclear causes of severe illness, especially if the patient’s condition changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichlas Hovmand
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Sarah Byberg
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Morten Bo Larsen
- Department of Orthopedics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Daria Podlekareva
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - David Levarett Buck
- Department of Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Rønde Hansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Yeika EV, Foryoung JB, Efie DT, Nkwetateba EA, Tolefac PN, Ngowe MN. Multidrug resistant Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli causing fulminant necrotising fasciitis: a case report. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:322. [PMID: 29784062 PMCID: PMC5963038 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare soft tissue infection characterized by rapid progressive necrosis with relative sparing of underlying muscles. This case is reported to highlight the emergence of multidrug resistant microbes in recent days which limits the use of empiric antibiotic therapy and necessitates early cultures and sensitivity enabling targeted antibiotic therapy. Factors that lead to antimicrobial resistance especially in sub-Saharan Africa have also been discussed. Case presentation We report the case of a 52-year-old black man who was referred to our centre for the management of cellulitis and suppurating ulcers of the right leg which had progressed to a wet gangrene. Following physical examination and work-up, a diagnosis of fulminant necrotizing fasciitis of the right leg caused by multidrug resistant Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli was made. Despite the broad-spectrum empiric antibiotic therapy and aggressive multiple surgical debridement, necrosis progressed leading to an above-knee amputation. Conclusion Necrotizing fasciitis is a surgical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive surgical debridement in order to reduce morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug resistant organisms in recent days have limited the use of empiric antibiotic therapy, necessitating early culture and sensitivity and the use of susceptibility-guided antibiotic therapy. Timely action to control the use of antibiotics in sub-Saharan Africa will reduce multidrug resistance and delay the arrival of post-antibiotics era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Vernyuy Yeika
- Saint Elizabeth Catholic General Hospital and Cardiac Centre Shisong, PO Box 8, Kumbo, Cameroon. .,Clinical Research Education Networking and Consultancy, Douala, Cameroon. .,Health and Human Development Research Group, Douala, Cameroon.
| | - Joyce Bei Foryoung
- Saint Elizabeth Catholic General Hospital and Cardiac Centre Shisong, PO Box 8, Kumbo, Cameroon.,Health and Human Development Research Group, Douala, Cameroon
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