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Lv B, Cheng Z, Yu Y, Chen Y, Gan W, Li S, Zhao K, Yang C, Zhang Y. Therapeutic perspectives of exosomes in glucocorticoid-induced osteoarthrosis. Front Surg 2022; 9:836367. [PMID: 36034358 PMCID: PMC9405187 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.836367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are widely involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. These important roles are also hidden in the physiological processes related to bone. Chondrocytes, osteoblasts, synovial fibroblasts, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells produce and secrete exosomes, thereby affecting the biology process of target cells. Furthermore, in the primary pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis induced by steroid hormones, mainly involve glucocorticoid (GC), the exosomes have also widely participated. Therefore, exosomes may also play an important role in glucocorticoid-induced osteoarthrosis and serve as a promising treatment for early intervention of osteoarthrosis in addition to playing a regulatory role in malignant tumors. This review summarizes the previous results on this direction, systematically combs the role and therapeutic potential of exosomes in GC-induced osteoarthrosis, discusses the potential role of exosomes in the treatment and prevention of GC-induced osteoarthrosis, and reveals the current challenges we confronted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Correspondence: Yukun ZhangCao Yang Kangcheng Zhao Bin Lv
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kangcheng Zhao
- Correspondence: Yukun ZhangCao Yang Kangcheng Zhao Bin Lv
| | - Cao Yang
- Correspondence: Yukun ZhangCao Yang Kangcheng Zhao Bin Lv
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Correspondence: Yukun ZhangCao Yang Kangcheng Zhao Bin Lv
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Wang X, Li J, Man D, Liu R, Zhao J. Early detection of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis using 99mTc-Cys-Annexin V-based apoptosis imaging in a rabbit model. Mol Med 2020; 26:120. [PMID: 33272196 PMCID: PMC7711260 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At present, the early diagnosis of femoral head necrosis mainly relies on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and most early patients are difficult to make an accurate diagnosis. Therefore, to investigate the early diagnostic value of 99mTc-Cys-Annexin V Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging were compared with MRI in rabbit models of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis. Methods The animal model of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis (SIFHN) was established in 5-month-old healthy New Zealand white rabbits by injecting horse serum into ear vein and methylprednisolone into gluteal muscle, the purpose of modeling is to simulate the actual clinical situation of SIFNH. 99mTc-Cys-Annexin V SPECT imaging and MRI were performed at 2nd week, 4th week, and 6th week after modeling. After that, histopathology was used to verify the success of modeling. Apoptosis was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL). Results At 2 weeks after the injection of hormone, 99mTc-Cys-Annexin V SPECT image showed abnormal radioactive uptake in the bilateral femoral head. And over time, the radioactivity concentration was more obvious, and the ratio of T/NT (target tissue/non-target tissues, which is the ratio of femoral head and the ipsilateral femoral shaft) was gradually increased. In the 99mTc-Cys-Annexin V SPECT imaging at each time point, T/NT ratio of the model group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01); at 4 weeks after the injection of hormone, MRI showed an abnormal signal of osteonecrosis. At 2, 4, and 6 weeks after hormone injection, apoptosis was observed by TUNEL and TEM. Conclusions 99mTc-Cys-Annexin V SPECT imaging can diagnose steroid-induced femoral head necrosis earlier than MRI, and has potential application value for non-invasively detecting early and even ultra-early stage of femoral head necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Yingfang Road, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Da Man
- Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Yingfang Road, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, China.
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Ren X, Shao Z, Fan W, Wang Z, Chen K, Yu X. Untargeted metabolomics reveals the effect of lovastatin on steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in rabbits. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:497. [PMID: 33115522 PMCID: PMC7594276 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-02026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lovastatin is an important medicine and it shows a significant effect against glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head of by serum metabolomics strategy. Methods Adult healthy adult Japanese white rabbits were divided into three groups: control group, model group, and drug group. The pathologic changes of femoral head were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and microscope. Metabolomics based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis was used to analyze the collected serum sample. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminate analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. All potential metabolites were identified by comparing with human metabolome database, Metlin database, lipid maps, and chemspider database. Results Eleven potential biomarkers were noted and identified as potential biomarkers. The change of biomarkers suggested that lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head may affect glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Conclusion The study suggested that lovastatin could prevent the glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head of rabbits. The possible reasons were closely associated with adjusting the lipid metabolism, inhibiting adipogenesis, and delaying the osteocyte apoptosis. Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s13018-020-02026-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zixing Shao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wu Fan
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330003, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Kaiyun Chen
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330003, China.
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330003, China.
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Li Q, Wang BL, Sun FR, Li JQ, Cao XP, Tan L. The role of UNC5C in Alzheimer's disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:178. [PMID: 29951500 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.04.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease in adults characterized by the deposition of extracellular plaques of β-amyloid protein (Aβ), intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), synaptic loss and neuronal apoptosis. AD has a strong and complex genetic component that involving into multiple genes. With recent advances in whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technology, UNC5C was identified to have association with AD. Emerging studies on cell and animal models identified that aberrant UNC5C may contribute to AD by activating death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) which is a new component involved in AD pathogenesis with an extensive involvement in aberrant tau, Aβ and neuronal apoptosis/autophagy. In this review, we briefly summarize the biochemical properties, genetics, epigenetics, and the speculative role of UNC5C in AD. We hope our review would bring comprehensive understandings of AD pathogenesis and provide new therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Li
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bai-Ling Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Fu-Rong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Li
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xi-Peng Cao
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Ren X, Fan W, Shao Z, Chen K, Yu X, Liang Q. A metabolomic study on early detection of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Oncotarget 2018; 9:7984-7995. [PMID: 29487708 PMCID: PMC5814275 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The early and accurate diagnosis of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) is appealing considering its irreversible progression and serious consequence for the patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the metabolic change of SANFH for its early detection. Two stages were designed in this study, namely discovery and verification. Except the biochemical index anomaly and the accidental death, 30 adult healthy adult Japanese white rabbits were used for screening out the potential metabolites in discovery experiment and 13 rabbits were used in verification experiment. The femoral heads were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and transmission electron microscopy. The metabolomic profiling of serum samples were analysis by UHPLC-MS/MS. Metabolomic cluster analysis enable us to differentiate the rabbits without and with injection of the glucocorticoid in 1 week even when there is no obvious abnormal symptom in behaviors or imaging diagnosis. The majority of differential metabolites were identified as phospholipids which were observed significant change after injection of glucocorticoid in 1, 2, 3 weeks. And the results obtained in verification experiment of 6 weeks showed that these differential metabolites exhibited consistent trends in late progression with that in early-stage. At the end of 6 weeks the damage of SANFH could be verified by pathological imaging. Therefore the finding of serum metabolite profile links to the progression of SANFH and provides the potential of early detection of SANFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wu Fan
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330003, China
| | - Zixing Shao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kaiyun Chen
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330003, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330003, China
| | - Qionglin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liao Y, Su R, Zhang P, Yuan B, Li L. Cortisol inhibits mTOR signaling in avascular necrosis of the femoral head. J Orthop Surg Res 2017; 12:154. [PMID: 29047405 PMCID: PMC5648506 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-017-0656-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ANFH is a major health problem, to which long lasting and definitive treatments are lacking. The aim of this study is to study RNA alterations attributed to cortisol-induced ANFH. METHODS Rat models were stratified into three groups: in vitro group (n = 20) for molecular biological assays, control group (n = 3), and ANFH group induced using lipopolysaccharide and dexamethasone (n = 3). Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs) were extracted from the rats. An RNA expression array was performed on BM-EPCs, and enriched genes were subject to pathway analysis. In vitro studies following findings of array results were also performed using the isolated BM-EPCs. RESULTS Significant alterations in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and HIF signaling pathways were identified in BM-EPCs of ANFH. By applying cortisol and dexamethasone to BM-EPCs, significant changes in mTOR and HIF elements were identified. The alteration of HIF pathways appeared to be downstream of mTOR signaling. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression was related to glucocorticoid-dependent mRNA expression of mTOR/HIF genes. mTOR-dependent angiogenesis but not anabolism was the target of GR in ANFH. Inhibition of mTOR signaling also induced apoptosis of BM-EPCs via CHOP-dependent DR5 induction in response to GR stimulation. CONCLUSION Decreased mTOR signaling in response to GR stimulation leading to downregulated HIF pathway as well as increased apoptosis could be the pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China.
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Guo SC, Tao SC, Yin WJ, Qi X, Sheng JG, Zhang CQ. Exosomes from Human Synovial-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in the Rat. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:1262-1272. [PMID: 27766040 PMCID: PMC5069447 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) represents a debilitating complication following glucocorticoid (GC)-based therapy. Synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) can exert protective effect in the animal model of GC-induced ONFH by inducing cell proliferation and preventing cell apoptosis. Recent studies indicate the transplanted cells exert therapeutic effects primarily via a paracrine mechanism and exosomes are an important paracrine factor that can be directly used as therapeutic agents for tissue engineering. Herein, we provided the first demonstration that the early treatment of exosomes secreted by human synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSC-Exos) could prevent GC-induced ONFH in the rat model. Using a series of in vitro functional assays, we found that SMSC-Exos could be internalized into bone marrow derived stromal cells (BMSCs) and enhance their proliferation and have anti-apoptotic abilities. Finally, SMSC-Exos may be promising for preventing GC-induced ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chun Guo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shi-Cong Tao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jia-Gen Sheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China;; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
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