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Saiko G, Burton T, Kakihana Y, Hatanaka K, Takahito O, Douplik A. Observation of blood motion in the internal jugular vein by contact and contactless photoplethysmography during physiological testing: case studies. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:2578-2589. [PMID: 38633071 PMCID: PMC11019709 DOI: 10.1364/boe.516609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Central venous pressure is an estimate of right atrial pressure and is often used to assess hemodynamic status. However, since it is measured invasively, non-invasive alternatives would be of great utility. The aim of this preliminary study was a) to investigate whether photoplethysmography (PPG) can be used to characterize venous system fluid motion and b) to find the model for venous blood volume modulations. For this purpose, we monitored the internal jugular veins using contact (cPPG) and video PPG during clinically validated physiological tests: abdominojugular test (AJT) and breath holding (BH). Video PPG and cPPG signals were captured simultaneously on the left and right sides of the neck, respectively. ECG was also captured using the same clinical monitor as cPPG. Two volunteers underwent AJT and BH with head up/down, each with: baseline (15s), experiment (15s), and recovery (15s). Video PPG was split into remote PPG (rPPG) and micromotion detection. All signal modalities were significantly affected by physiological testing. Moreover, cPPG and micromotion waveforms exhibited primary features of jugular vein waveforms and, therefore, have great potential for venous blood flow monitoring. Specifically, remote patient monitoring applications may be enabled by this methodology, facilitating physical collection without a specially trained care provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadi Saiko
- Dept. of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Timothy Burton
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yasuyuki Kakihana
- Dept. of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kosaku Hatanaka
- Dept. of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ohtonari Takahito
- Dept. of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Alexandre Douplik
- Dept. of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
- iBEST, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
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2
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He Q, Geng W, Li W, Wang RK. Non-contact measurement of neck pulses achieved by imaging micro-motions in the neck skin. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4507-4519. [PMID: 37791270 PMCID: PMC10545184 DOI: 10.1364/boe.501749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a method and system of micro-motion imaging (µMI) to realize non-contact measurement of neck pulses. The system employs a 16-bit camera to acquire videos of the neck skin, containing reflectance variation caused by the neck pulses. Regional amplitudes and phases of pulse-induced reflection variation are then obtained by applying a lock-in amplification algorithm to the acquired videos. Composite masks are then generated using the raw frame, amplitude and phase maps, which are then used to guide the extraction of carotid pulse (CP) and jugular vein pulse (JVP) waveforms. Experimental results sufficiently demonstrate the feasibility of our method to extract CP and JVP waves. Compared with conventional methods, the proposed strategy works in a non-contact, non-invasive and self-guidance manner without a need for manual identification to operate, which is important for patient compliance and measurement objectivity. Considering the close relationship between neck pulses and cardiovascular diseases, for example, CA stenosis, the proposed µMI system and method may be useful in the development of early screening tools for potential cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua He
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Wenqian Geng
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medicine, The first Hospital of Jilin University NO.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Wanyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medicine, The first Hospital of Jilin University NO.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medicine, The first Hospital of Jilin University NO.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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3
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Saiko G, Burton T, Douplik A. Feasibility of Specular Reflection Imaging for Extraction of Neck Vessel Pressure Waveforms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:830231. [PMID: 35387295 PMCID: PMC8979108 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.830231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and was responsible for 31% of all deaths in 2015. Changes in fluid pressures within the vessels of the circulatory system reflect the mechanical function of the heart. The jugular venous (JV) pulse waveform is an important clinical sign for assessing cardiac function. However, technology able to aid evaluation and interpretation are currently lacking. The goal of the current study was to develop a remote monitoring tool that aid clinicians in robust measurements of JV pulse waveforms. To address this need, we have developed a novel imaging modality, Specular Reflection Vascular Imaging (SRVI). The technology uses specular reflection for visualization of skin displacements caused by pressure pulsations in blood vessels. SRVI has been tested on 10 healthy volunteers. 10-seconds videos of the neck illuminated with a diffuse light source were captured at 250 fps. SRVI was able to identify and discriminate skin displacements caused by carotid artery and jugular vein pulsations to extract both carotid artery and jugular vein waveforms, making them easier to be visualized and interpreted. The method provided a 6-fold improvement in signal strength over a comparator remote PPG dataset. The current pilot study is a proof-of-concept demonstration of the potential of Specular Reflection Vascular Imaging for extraction of JV pulse waveforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadi Saiko
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Gennadi Saiko,
| | - Timothy Burton
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Photonics Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandre Douplik
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Science and Technology (iBEST), Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing (LKS) Knowledge Institute, St. Michael Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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4
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Chen H, Zhou XF, Zhou DW, Zhou JX, Yu RG. Effect of increased positive end-expiratory pressure on intracranial pressure and cerebral oxygenation: impact of respiratory mechanics and hypovolemia. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:72. [PMID: 34823465 PMCID: PMC8614026 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the impact of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intracranial pressure (ICP) in animals with different respiratory mechanics, baseline ICP and volume status. METHODS A total of 50 male adult Bama miniature pigs were involved in four different protocols (n = 20, 12, 12, and 6, respectively). Under the monitoring of ICP, brain tissue oxygen tension and hemodynamical parameters, PEEP was applied in increments of 5 cm H2O from 5 to 25 cm H2O. Measurements were taken in pigs with normal ICP and normovolemia (Series I), or with intracranial hypertension (via inflating intracranial balloon catheter) and normovolemia (Series II), or with intracranial hypertension and hypovolemia (via exsanguination) (Series III). Pigs randomized to the control group received only hydrochloride instillation while the intervention group received additional chest wall strapping. Common carotid arterial blood flow before and after exsanguination at each PEEP level was measured in pigs with intracranial hypertension and chest wall strapping (Series IV). RESULTS ICP was elevated by increased PEEP in both normal ICP and intracranial hypertension conditions in animals with normal blood volume, while resulted in decreased ICP with PEEP increments in animals with hypovolemia. Increasing PEEP resulted in a decrease in brain tissue oxygen tension in both normovolemic and hypovolemic conditions. The impacts of PEEP on hemodynamical parameters, ICP and brain tissue oxygen tension became more evident with increased chest wall elastance. Compare to normovolemic condition, common carotid arterial blood flow was further lowered when PEEP was raised in the condition of hypovolemia. CONCLUSIONS The impacts of PEEP on ICP and cerebral oxygenation are determined by both volume status and respiratory mechanics. Potential conditions that may increase chest wall elastance should also be ruled out to avoid the deleterious effects of PEEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Fujian Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhou
- Fujian Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Xin Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Guo Yu
- Fujian Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
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5
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İlhan Z, Açıkgözoğlu S, Demir O. Associations Between Doppler Internal Jugular Vein Blood Flow and Transverse Sinus Stasis Detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2021; 40:1591-1601. [PMID: 33085792 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the estimated internal jugular vein (IJV) volume flow with Doppler ultrasound in patients with slow flow in the transverse sinuses and normal transverse sinuses on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Eighty patients between the ages of 18 and 80 years who did not have any signs of sinus vein thrombosis on brain MRI were included. On MRI, cases with hyperintensity due to a signal void loss in the transverse sinuses in coronal fluid attenuation inversion recovery sequences were included in the slow-flow group. The presence of sinus thrombosis was excluded with other MRI pulse sequences and clinical findings. The participants were divided into 2 groups as having normal and slow flow according to MRI findings. Then bilateral IJV volume flow measurements were made by Doppler ultrasound. Bilateral volume flow was estimated by time-averaged blood flow velocities sampled in the center of the IJV, and IJV cross-sectional areas were measured. We defined the dominant IJV as the one having the higher estimated volume flow of the 2 sides. RESULTS Total estimated IJV blood flow was lower (P < .001) in patients with slow flow on MRI (546 mL/min) compared to those without (768 mL/min). A similar finding was seen for the nondominant IJV. In a receiver operating characteristic analysis, the cutoff value for the total estimated IJV volume flow was determined to be 590 mL/min, and the cutoff value for nondominant estimated IJV volume flow was determined to be 202 mL/min to distinguish between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Low estimated volume blood flow in the IJV is associated with MRI evidence of stasis in the ipsilateral transverse sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeki İlhan
- Departments of Radiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Saim Açıkgözoğlu
- Departments of Radiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Orhan Demir
- Departments of Neurology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital, Konya, Turkey
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Ogoh S, Sato K, de Abreu S, Denise P, Normand H. Effect of jump exercise training on long-term head-down bed rest-induced cerebral blood flow responses in arteries and veins. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1549-1558. [PMID: 33866619 DOI: 10.1113/ep089102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What is the effect of an exercise countermeasure on microgravity-induced change in cerebral blood flow? What is the main finding and its importance? Jump exercise training as a countermeasure did not modify the heterogeneous cerebral blood flow response to head-down bed rest, suggesting that this method is effective in preventing cardiovascular system deconditioning but is not good for cerebral haemodynamics. ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the effect of an exercise countermeasure on cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to long-term -6° head-down bed rest (HDBR) in all cerebral arteries and veins. Twenty male volunteers were exposed to HDBR for 60 days with (training group, n = 10) or without (control group, n = 10) jump exercise training as a countermeasure to spaceflight. The blood flow in the neck conduit arteries (internal carotid and vertebral artery; ICA and VA) and veins (internal jugular and vertebral veins; IJV and VV) was measured, using ultrasonography before (baseline) HDBR, on the 30th and 57th day of HDBR. Long-term HDBR causes a heterogeneous CBF response between the anterior and the posterior brain or between arteries and veins. Long-term HDBR decreased anterior cerebral arterial and venous blood flow, while posterior cerebral arterial and venous blood flows were well maintained. However, exercise jump training did not change each arterial and venous CBF responses to HDBR (control vs. training; ICA, P = 0.643; VA, P = 0.542; external carotid artery, P = 0.644; IJV, P = 0.980; VV, P = 0.999). These findings suggest that jump exercise training did not modify the heterogeneous CBF response to long-term HDBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiko Ogoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Kawagoe-Shi, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Steven de Abreu
- Unicaen, Inserm Comete, GIP Cyceron, Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Pierre Denise
- Unicaen, Inserm Comete, GIP Cyceron, Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Hervé Normand
- Unicaen, Inserm Comete, GIP Cyceron, Normandie University, Caen, France
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7
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Wang Z, Ding J, Bai C, Ding Y, Ji X, Meng R. Clinical Classification and Collateral Circulation in Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency. Front Neurol 2020; 11:913. [PMID: 33071925 PMCID: PMC7538781 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As an indispensable part of the cerebral venous system, the extracranial cerebrospinal venous system is not fully recognized. This study aimed to analyze the clinical classification and imaging characteristics of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) quantitatively. Methods: A total of 128 patients, who were diagnosed as CCSVI by jugular ultrasound and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography (CE-MRV), were enrolled from May 2018 through May 2019. For the patients with possible extraluminal compression, computed tomography venography (CTV) was applied to estimate the degree of internal jugular venous stenosis (IJVS) and rank the vertebral venous collateral circulation. Results: The causes of extraluminal compression induced IJVS included osseous compression (78.95%), carotid artery (24.21%), sternocleidomastoid muscle (5.79%), swollen lymph node (1.05%), and unknown reasons (5.26%). The subtypes of non-compression CCSVI included the high jugular bulb (77.27%), fenestration of the internal jugular vein (IJV) (7.27%), internal jugular phlebectasia (2.73%), tortuous IJV (0.91%), IJV thrombosis (14.55%), and elongated venous valves with/without erythrocyte aggregation (13.64%). For extraluminal compression induced IJVS, the ratio of severe vertebral venous expansion was higher in the severe IJVS group than that in the mild IJVS group (p < 0.001). The IJVS degree was higher in the severe vertebral venous expansion group than in the mild vertebral venous expansion group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A multimodal diagnostic system is necessary to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CCSVI. The vertebral venous system is an important collateral circulation for CCSVI, which may be a promising indicator for evaluating IJVS degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Department of China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayue Ding
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Department of China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaobo Bai
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Department of China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Xunming Ji
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Department of China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Department of China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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8
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Mohammed NY, Di Domenico G, Menegatti E, Sisini F, Vannini ME, Gambaccini M, Tessari M, Zamboni P. Mechanical Function of Internal Jugular Vein Valve: Post-analysis of M-Mode Imaging under Cardiac Monitoring. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:3087-3101. [PMID: 31540759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.06.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Because the internal jugular vein (IJV) valve is the only protective valve between the brain and heart, recent studies have focused on the dynamic behaviour of the valve and its importance in regulating the cerebral blood outflow pathway. However, the mechanism underlying valve opening and closure, as well as the normal opening time, has not been investigated before. The aim of the study described here was to investigate IJV physiology in healthy young adults by means of ultrasound imaging. Twenty-four normal young adults (16 male, 8 female, 21.79 ± 0.79 y of age) were enrolled in this study. Each participant underwent IJV B- and M-mode ultrasound scans of the neck veins in supine position. Data on IJV leaflet movement and IJV blood velocity were extracted from images with the associated electrocardiogram traces to analyze the opening and closure cycles of IJV leaflets. The normal opening time calculated in this study includes 70% of the dynamic valve cycle. The normal opening time of the IJV valve could be a new physiologic metric and serves as a premise for further studies in the field of cerebral venous return.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiya Y Mohammed
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Domenico
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Erica Menegatti
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona (FE), Italy
| | - Francesco Sisini
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Vannini
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona (FE), Italy
| | - Mauro Gambaccini
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mirko Tessari
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona (FE), Italy
| | - Paolo Zamboni
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona (FE), Italy
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9
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Tucker T. Fluid dynamics of cerebrospinal venous flow in multiple sclerosis. Med Hypotheses 2019; 131:109255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Marr K, Jakimovski D, Mancini M, Carl E, Zivadinov R. Jugular Venous Flow Quantification Using Doppler Sonography. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:1762-1769. [PMID: 29784437 PMCID: PMC6026550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A consensus on venous flow quantification using echo spectral Doppler sonography is lacking. Doppler sonography data from 83 healthy individuals were examined using manually traced transverse cross-sectional area and diameter-derived cross-sectional area obtained in longitudinal view measurements of the internal jugular vein. Time-averaged velocity over a 4-s interval was obtained in the longitudinal plane using manual tracing of the waveform. Manual and computer-generated blood flow volume calculations were also obtained for the common carotid artery, for accuracy purposes. No differences were detected between semi-automated and manual blood flow volume calculations for the common carotid artery. The manual calculation method resulted in almost twofold larger venous internal jugular vein flow measurements compared with the semi-automated method. Doppler sonography equipment does not provide accurate automated calculation of venous size and blood flow. Until further technological development occurs, manual calculation of venous blood flow is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Marr
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Dejan Jakimovski
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Marcello Mancini
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Ellen Carl
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA.
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11
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Feng H, Jin Z, He W, Zhao X. Cerebral venous outflow participates in perihematomal edema after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12034. [PMID: 30170413 PMCID: PMC6392674 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal venous anatomy and hemodynamics changes are associated with many central nervous system disorders.The aim of this study was to detect whether perihematomal edema (PHE) after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is associated with cerebral venous outflow volume (CVFV) in the internal jugular veins and vertebral veins.Newly diagnosed cases of sICH between April 2016 and March 2017 were enrolled and patients were grouped to the mean value of PHE according to previous study. On computed tomography, absolute PHE volume was calculated as the difference between total lesion volume and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) volume. Relative PHE volume was defined as absolute PHE volume divided by ICH volume. CVFV was determined by Doppler ultrasound. Patients were divided according to mean values of absolute PHE at 3 and 12 days, and relative PHE (rPHE) at 3 and 12 days.Significant differences were observed in smoking, alcohol consumption, glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), secondary intraventricular hemorrhage (sIVH), and CVFV in PHE at 72 hours. Only sIVH and CVFV were significantly different at 12 days in PHE. In rPHE, GHb and sIVH were significantly differed at 72 hours. No significant difference was observed at 12 days in rPHE. The multivariate analyses showed that CVFV was independently associated with late PHE (PHE at 12 ± 3 days) but not with early PHE (PHE at 72 hours) and rPHE.These results suggest that CVFV may be closely related to PHE after sICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
| | - Zhanqiang Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingquan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases
- Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
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12
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Zamboni P, Sisini F, Menegatti E, Taibi A, Gadda G, Tavoni V, Malagoni AM, Tessari M, Gianesini S, Gambaccini M. Ultrasound Monitoring of Jugular Venous Pulse during Space Missions: Proof of Concept. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:726-733. [PMID: 29276139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The jugular venous pulse (JVP) is one of the main parameters of cardiac function and is used by cardiologists in diagnosing heart failure. Its waveform comprises three positive waves (a, c and v) and two negative waves (x and y). Recently, it was found that JVP can be extrapolated from an ultrasound (US) video recording of the internal jugular vein (IJV), suggesting its application in space missions, on which US scanners are already widely used. To date, the feasibility of assessing JVP in microgravity (microG) has not been investigated. To verify the feasibility of JVP assessment in microG, we tested a protocol of self-performed B-mode ultrasound on the International Space Station (ISS). The protocol consisted of a video recording of IJV synchronized with electrocardiogram that produces a cross-sectional area time trace (JVP trace) (in cm2). The scans were acquired in six experimental sessions; two pre-flight (BDC1 and -2), two in space (ISS1 and -2) and two post-flight (Houston PF1, Cologne PF2). We measured the mean and standard deviation of the JVP waves and the phase relationship between such waves and P and T waves on the electrocardiogram. We verified that such parameters had the same accuracy on Earth as they did under microG, and we compared their values. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of JVP trace in microgravity are higher than those on Earth. The sequence of (a, c, and v) ascents and (x and y) descents along the cardiac cycle in microG is the same as that on Earth. The cause-and-effect relationship between the P and T waves on the electrocardiogram and a and v waves, respectively, of JVP is also confirmed in microG. Our experiment indicated the feasibility of deriving a JVP trace from a B-mode US examination self-performed by an astronaut in microG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Zamboni
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Sisini
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Erica Menegatti
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelo Taibi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gadda
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Tavoni
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Mirko Tessari
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sergio Gianesini
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Gambaccini
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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13
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Laukontaus SJ, Pekkola J, Numminen J, Kagayama T, Lepäntalo M, Färkkilä M, Atula S, Tienari P, Venermo M. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Internal Jugular Veins in Multiple Sclerosis: Interobserver Agreement and Comparison with Doppler Ultrasound Examination. Ann Vasc Surg 2017; 42:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2016.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Thibault P, Attia J, Oldmeadow C. A prolonged antibiotic protocol to treat persistent Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection improves the extracranial venous circulation in multiple sclerosis. Phlebology 2017; 33:397-406. [PMID: 28583026 DOI: 10.1177/0268355517712884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a condition associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). One mechanism that has been proposed is that the venous obstructions found in MS are due to a chronic persistent venulitis caused by the intra-cellular bacterial parasite, Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cpn). The objective of the current study is to determine the effect of a combined antibiotic protocol (CAP) on the venous flow in MS patients as measured by a quantitative duplex ultrasound examination (QDUS). Method A non-randomised before-after cohort study was conducted to investigate differences in blood flow volumes pre and 6-months post antibiotic treatment for Cpn infection. Flow volume data were measured by QDUS across affected and unaffected sides from multiple veins segments, including internal jugular vein (IJV) segments J2 and J3, and vertebral vein (VV), as well as global arterial blood flow (GABF). Results 91 patients were included in the study. 64 (70%) were found to have positive Cpn serology. There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference seen for the affected side of Cpn infected patients (mean difference = 56 mL/min, p = 0.02). There was a non-significant increase seen for the affected side of uninfected patients (mean difference = 23 mL/min, p = 0.2). The difference in these effects (34 mL/min) was not statistically significant ( p = 0.3). The mean flow rate decreased in the unaffected side for both infected (-27 mL/min, p = 0.5) and uninfected patients (-69 mL/min, p = 0.01). There was a statistically significant post-treatment increase in GABF for the infected patients (mean difference = 90 mL/min, p = 0.02) and a difference of 76 mL/min for non-infected patients ( p = 0.01). Conclusion A CAP appears to improve the extra-cranial circulation in patients diagnosed with MS. This effect is statistically significant in patients with positive Cpn serology, although patients with negative Cpn serology also show some benefit, betraying a lack of specificity of this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Thibault
- 1 CCSVI Diagnostic Clinic, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Attia
- 2 School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Oldmeadow
- 3 Hunter Medical Research Institute, CReDITTS Unit, New South Wales, Australia
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15
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Non-contact hemodynamic imaging reveals the jugular venous pulse waveform. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40150. [PMID: 28065933 PMCID: PMC5220303 DOI: 10.1038/srep40150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular monitoring is important to prevent diseases from progressing. The jugular venous pulse (JVP) waveform offers important clinical information about cardiac health, but is not routinely examined due to its invasive catheterisation procedure. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the JVP can be consistently observed in a non-contact manner using a photoplethysmographic imaging system. The observed jugular waveform was strongly negatively correlated to the arterial waveform (r = −0.73 ± 0.17), consistent with ultrasound findings. Pulsatile venous flow was observed over a spatially cohesive region of the neck. Critical inflection points (c, x, v, y waves) of the JVP were observed across all participants. The anatomical locations of the strongest pulsatile venous flow were consistent with major venous pathways identified through ultrasound.
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16
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Sisini F, Taibi A, Gambaccini M, Zamboni P. Novel Interest About Cardiac Variation of Internal Jugular Vein for the Evaluation of the Hemodynamics. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2017; 43:380. [PMID: 27720518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sisini
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Angelo Taibi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Gambaccini
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Zamboni
- Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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