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Silva L, Queirós C, Borges-Costa J, Barreto R, Filipe P, Melo-Cristino J. Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in a Tertiary Care Portuguese Hospital: An 11-Year Retrospective Study. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2021. [PMID: 34088478 DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis infections remain a burden worldwide. The goals of this study were to determine the number of C. trachomatis infections per year, characterize the demographic traits of the infected population and identify the associated sexually transmitted infections (STI), over the last 11 years, in Lisbon main Hospital Centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS Laboratorial confirmed C. trachomatis infections diagnosed between January 1st, 2009 and December 31st, 2019 were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 6404 samples were collected, with 602 being positive for C. trachomatis, corresponding to 550 patients. 60% of diagnoses were made by dermatovenereologists and most cases occurred in males (n = 371; 67.5%), with a median age of 26.1 years (standard deviation 7.98), ranging from 13 to 68 years. More than half the cases (51.3%) occurred below the age of 25 years. In 87 patients (15.8%) there was previous history of STI, in 198 patients (36%) a concomitant STI was present and 43 patients (7.8%) developed a posterior STI. Concerning follow-up, 196 patients (corresponding to 35.6% of total patients) did not show for a re-evaluation after the diagnosis was made. CONCLUSION Confirmed cases of C. trachomatis infection have risen along the years, affecting mainly people younger than 25 years. C. trachomatis infection is especially associated with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, but other STI are also very prevalent. Considering the potential complications of C. trachomatis infection, screening and treatment are necessary. The high percentage of diagnoses made by dermatovenereologists support the pivotal role of dermatovenereology in diagnosing C. trachomatis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Silva
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - C Queirós
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Borges-Costa
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Barreto
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Filipe
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Melo-Cristino
- Faculdade de Medicina, Lisboa, Portugal; Anatomical Pathology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
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Silva L, Queirós C, Borges-Costa J, Barreto R, Filipe P, Melo-Cristino J. Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in a Tertiary Care Portuguese Hospital: An 11-Year Retrospective Study. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2021. [PMID: 33582074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis infections remain a burden worldwide. The goals of this study were to determine the number of C.trachomatis infections per year, characterize the demographic traits of the infected population and identify the associated sexually transmitted infections (STI), over the last 11years, in Lisbon main Hospital Centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS Laboratorial confirmed C.trachomatis infections diagnosed between January 1st, 2009 and December 31st, 2019 were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 6404 samples were collected, with 602 being positive for C.trachomatis, corresponding to 550 patients. 60% of diagnoses were made by dermatovenereologists and most cases occurred in males (n=371; 67.5%), with a median age of 26.1years (standard deviation 7.98), ranging from 13 to 68years. More than half the cases (51.3%) occurred below the age of 25years. In 87 patients (15.8%) there was previous history of STI, in 198 patients (36%) a concomitant STI was present and 43 patients (7.8%) developed a posterior STI. Concerning follow-up, 196 patients (corresponding to 35.6% of total patients) did not show for a re-evaluation after the diagnosis was made. CONCLUSION Confirmed cases of C.trachomatis infection have risen along the years, affecting mainly people younger than 25 years. C.trachomatis infection is especially associated with Neisseriagonorrhoeae infection, but other STI are also very prevalent. Considering the potential complications of C.trachomatis infection, screening and treatment are necessary. The high percentage of diagnoses made by dermatovenereologists support the pivotal role of dermatovenereology in diagnosing C.trachomatis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Silva
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalario de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - C Queirós
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Borges-Costa
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Barreto
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Filipe
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Melo-Cristino
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalario y Universitario de Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
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Neena A, Deepa R. Detection of chlamydia trachomatis infection among the pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Kerala - South India by polymerase chain reaction. Indian J Med Microbiol 2020; 38:319-323. [PMID: 33154242 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_19_429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection and may influence pregnancy outcome. Aims and Objectives This study was conducted to assess Chlamydial infection during pregnancy by PCR. Materials and Methods Study group consists of patients who are attending the antenatal clinics. Endocervical swabs were collected from 300 patients. Results Off the 300 samples tested, 29 were positive as per PCR which used CT F : 5' CGT GTC GGC AAT CCT GCT GAT 3' and CT R : 5' GTC GAT AAC ATA GTC ACG ATA GTC 3'as the primers. Conclusion This suggests there is a prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in our population which is 10%. Hence, it should be noted as a significant public health problem especially among sexually active young women of child bearing age. Timely detection and prompt treatment of Chlamydial infection during pregnancy can eliminate its adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Neena
- Department of Microbiology, Azeezia Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - R Deepa
- Department of Microbiology, SR Medical College and Research Foundation, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Shiragannavar S, Madagi S, Hosakeri J, Barot V. In silico vaccine design against Chlamydia trachomatis infection. NETWORK MODELING AND ANALYSIS IN HEALTH INFORMATICS AND BIOINFORMATICS 2020; 9:39. [PMID: 32537381 PMCID: PMC7283423 DOI: 10.1007/s13721-020-00243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis, a gram-negative bacterium known to infect the genital sites mainly columnar epithelial cells of the cervix, urethra and rectum in women and causes acute epididymitis, urinary tract inflammation and DNA damage to the sperms in men, hence considered to be one of the major sexually transmitted infections. The infection is asymptomatic in many people and remains untreated leading to serious health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and infertility. The current treatment options include antibiotics, but the pathogen has gained resistance against many antibiotics. The present work involves an in silico reverse vaccinology approach for identifying the immunogens as vaccine candidates that can be effective against reinfections and should be capable of inducing long-term protective immunity against Chlamydial infections. This study identifies the putative vaccine candidates that are membrane bound with high antigenicity properties; antigenicity induces the immunogenicity which involves identification of T-cell and B-cell epitopes that induce both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The epitopes 'LSWEMELAY', 'LSNTEGYRY', 'TSDLGQMEY', 'FIDLLQAIY' and 'FSNNFSDIY' were predicted as core sequences for class I MHC molecules. The identified epitopes showed promising ability to interact with the human leukocyte antigens (HLA). These epitopes showed maximum population coverage with epitope conservancy above 80%. Molecular docking was performed to test the binding affinities of the identified epitopes with the HLA molecule to study the binding cleft interactions. The vaccine candidate thus identified from this study showed to possess the potential to activate the B- and T-cell immune responses which are more specific and make the body stronger against infections and effective for reinfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Shiragannavar
- Department of Studies and Research in Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women’s University, Vijayapura, India
| | - Shivakumar Madagi
- Department of Studies and Research in Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women’s University, Vijayapura, India
| | - Joy Hosakeri
- Department of Studies and Research in Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women’s University, Vijayapura, India
| | - Vandana Barot
- Biodiscovery Group for Life Sciences, Bangalore, India
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Azami M, Badfar GH, Mansouri A, Yekta Kooshali MH, Kooti W, Tardeh Z, Soleymani A, Abbasalizadeh SH. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in Pregnant Iranian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2018; 12:191-199. [PMID: 29935063 PMCID: PMC6018173 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum in pregnant Iranian women. However, it is necessary to combine the previous results to present a general assessment. We conducted the present study based on systematic review and meta-analysis studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We searched the national and international online databases of MagIran, IranMedex, SID, MedLib, IranDoc, Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar search engine for certain MeSH keywords until June 16, 2017. In addition, heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias were performed. The data were analyzed using random-effects model and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2 and P value was considered lower than 0.05. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in 11 surveyed articles that assessed 2864 pregnant Iranian women was 8.74% [95% confidence interval (CI): 5.40-13.84]. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis was estimated 5.73% (95% CI: 2.09-14.73) and 13.55% (95% CI: 11.23-16.25) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively which the difference was not significant (P=0.082). The lowest and highest prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis was estimated in Tehran province [4.96% (95% CI: 2.45-9.810)] and Ardabil province [28.60% (95% CI: 20.61-38.20)], respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Meta-regression for the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis based on year of the studies was significant with increasing slope (P=0.017). According to the systematic review, the prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis and Urea plasma urealyticum indicated 2 to 22.8% (from 4 articles) and 9.1 to 19.8% (from 3 articles), respectively. There was no evidence of publication bias (P value for Begg and Eggers' tests was 0.161 and 0.173, respectively). The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis is high among pregnant Iranian women. Screening pregnant women as part of preventive measures seem necessary considering the potential for maternal and fetal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Azami
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - G Holamreza Badfar
- Department of Pediatrics, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Akram Mansouri
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Yekta Kooshali
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Wesam Kooti
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Zeinab Tardeh
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - S Hamsi Abbasalizadeh
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic Address:
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From menarche to menopause: A population-based assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene risk factors for reproductive tract infection symptoms over life stages in rural girls and women in India. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188234. [PMID: 29206842 PMCID: PMC5716553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Women face greater challenges than men in accessing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) resources to address their daily needs, and may respond to these challenges by adopting unsafe practices that increase the risk of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). WASH practices may change as women transition through socially-defined life stage experiences, like marriage and pregnancy. Thus, the relationship between WASH practices and RTIs might vary across female reproductive life stages. This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between WASH exposures and self-reported RTI symptoms in 3,952 girls and women from two rural districts in India, and tested whether social exposures represented by reproductive life stage was an effect modifier of associations. In fully adjusted models, RTI symptoms were less common in women using a latrine without water for defecation versus open defecation (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.69; Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.48, 0.98) and those walking shorter distances to a bathing location (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.63, 0.99), but there was no association between using a latrine with a water source and RTIs versus open defecation (OR = 1.09; CI = 0.69, 1.72). Unexpectedly, RTI symptoms were more common for women bathing daily with soap (OR = 6.55, CI = 3.60, 11.94) and for women washing their hands after defecation with soap (OR = 10.27; CI = 5.53, 19.08) or ash/soil/mud (OR = 6.02; CI = 3.07, 11.77) versus water only or no hand washing. WASH practices of girls and women varied across reproductive life stages, but the associations between WASH practices and RTI symptoms were not moderated by or confounded by life stage status. This study provides new evidence that WASH access and practices are associated with self-reported reproductive tract infection symptoms in rural Indian girls and women from different reproductive life stages. However, the counterintuitive directions of effect for soap use highlights that causality and mechanisms of effect cannot be inferred from this study design. Future research is needed to understand whether improvements in water and sanitation access could improve the practice of safe hygiene behaviors and reduce the global burden of RTIs in women.
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