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Prochukhan N, O'Brien SA, Davó-Quiñonero A, Trubetskaya A, Cotter E, Selkirk A, Senthamaraikannan R, Ruether M, McCloskey D, Morris MA. Room Temperature Fabrication of Macroporous Lignin Membranes for the Scalable Production of Black Silicon. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2512-2521. [PMID: 35506692 PMCID: PMC9198978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Rising global demand
for biodegradable materials and green sources
of energy has brought attention to lignin. Herein, we report a method
for manufacturing standalone lignin membranes without additives for
the first time to date. We demonstrate a scalable method for macroporous
(∼100 to 200 nm pores) lignin membrane production using four
different organosolv lignin materials under a humid environment (>50%
relative humidity) at ambient temperatures (∼20 °C). A
range of different thicknesses is reported with densely porous films
observed to form if the membrane thickness is below 100 nm. The fabricated
membranes were readily used as a template for Ni2+ incorporation
to produce a nickel oxide membrane after UV/ozone treatment. The resultant
mask was etched via an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etch
process, forming a silicon membrane and as a result yielding black
silicon (BSi) with a pore depth of >1 μm after 3 min with
reflectance
<3% in the visible light region. We anticipate that our lignin
membrane methodology can be readily applied to various processes ranging
from catalysis to sensing and adapted to large-scale manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Prochukhan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,BiOrbic, Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Stephen A O'Brien
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Arantxa Davó-Quiñonero
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anna Trubetskaya
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Eoin Cotter
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrew Selkirk
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ramsankar Senthamaraikannan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Manuel Ruether
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - David McCloskey
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michael A Morris
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,BiOrbic, Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Cui JY, Zhang N, Jiang JC. Effects of Microwave-Assisted Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment on Chemical Composition and Structure of Moso Bamboo. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:821982. [PMID: 35198552 PMCID: PMC8859409 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.821982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of microwave assisted liquid hot water (MA-LHW) pretreatment on the chemical composition of Moso bamboo were investigated, and the fiber structure of pretreated residues were studied. The results showed that MA-LHW pretreatment had high selectivity for the degradation of hemicellulose in Moso bamboo, and the extracted hemicellulose could be used to prepare xylooligosaccharide through enzyme depolymerization. The degradation rates of cellulose and lignin after MA-LHW pretreatment were only 14.73% and 7.18%, which were significantly lower than those of LHW pretreatment; 155.0 mg/g xylobiose and 61.0 mg/g xylotrisoe can be obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis, and the yield of xylo-oligosaccharide reached 80.59% of the theoretical conversion rate. MA-LHW pretreatment increased the removal of hemicellulose, lignin, and other non-crystalline parts in bamboo materials, and more cellulose with crystalline structure was retained, which increased the CrI value of Moso bamboo by 14.84%. FTIR spectra showed that the characteristic peak intensity of hemicellulose was significantly reduced after MA-LHW pretreatment, which confirmed the selective degradation of hemicellulose by MA-LAW pretreatment. Moreover, MA-LHW pretreatment also destroyed O-H, C-H, C-O-C, and β-glucoside bonds in Moso bamboo fiber, caused by the recombination and synthesis of some groups (-CH2 and C=O) of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin destroyed under pretreatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Yu Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Zhang, ; Jian-Chun Jiang,
| | - Jian-Chun Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Zhang, ; Jian-Chun Jiang,
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Yuan Y, Jiang B, Chen H, Wu W, Wu S, Jin Y, Xiao H. Recent advances in understanding the effects of lignin structural characteristics on enzymatic hydrolysis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:205. [PMID: 34670604 PMCID: PMC8527784 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose for bioethanol production shows a great potential to remit the rapid consumption of fossil fuels, given the fact that lignocellulose feedstocks are abundant, cost-efficient, and renewable. Lignin results in low enzymatic saccharification by forming the steric hindrance, non-productive adsorption of cellulase onto lignin, and deactivating the cellulase. In general, the non-productive binding of cellulase on lignin is widely known as the major cause for inhibiting the enzymatic hydrolysis. Pretreatment is an effective way to remove lignin and improve the enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulose. Along with removing lignin, the pretreatment can modify the lignin structure, which significantly affects the non-productive adsorption of cellulase onto lignin. To relieve the inhibitory effect of lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis, enormous efforts have been made to elucidate the correlation of lignin structure with lignin-enzyme interactions but with different views. In addition, contrary to the traditional belief that lignin inhibits enzymatic hydrolysis, in recent years, the addition of water-soluble lignin such as lignosulfonate or low molecular-weight lignin exerts a positive effect on enzymatic hydrolysis, which gives a new insight into the lignin-enzyme interactions. For throwing light on their structure-interaction relationship during enzymatic hydrolysis, the effect of residual lignin in substrate and introduced lignin in hydrolysate on enzymatic hydrolysis are critically reviewed, aiming at realizing the targeted regulation of lignin structure for improving the saccharification of lignocellulose. The review is also focused on exploring the lignin-enzyme interactions to mitigate the negative impact of lignin and reducing the cost of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shufang Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- Laboratory of Wood Chemistry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 11 5A3, Canada
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Leroy A, Falourd X, Foucat L, Méchin V, Guillon F, Paës G. Evaluating polymer interplay after hot water pretreatment to investigate maize stem internode recalcitrance. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:164. [PMID: 34332625 PMCID: PMC8325808 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomass recalcitrance is governed by various molecular and structural factors but the interplay between these multiscale factors remains unclear. In this study, hot water pretreatment (HWP) was applied to maize stem internodes to highlight the impact of the ultrastructure of the polymers and their interactions on the accessibility and recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic biomass. The impact of HWP was analysed at different scales, from the polymer ultrastructure or water mobility to the cell wall organisation by combining complementary compositional, spectral and NMR analyses. RESULTS HWP increased the kinetics and yield of saccharification. Chemical characterisation showed that HWP altered cell wall composition with a loss of hemicelluloses (up to 45% in the 40-min HWP) and of ferulic acid cross-linking associated with lignin enrichment. The lignin structure was also altered (up to 35% reduction in β-O-4 bonds), associated with slight depolymerisation/repolymerisation depending on the length of treatment. The increase in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and specific surface area (SSA) showed that the cellulose environment was looser after pretreatment. These changes were linked to the increased accessibility of more constrained water to the cellulose in the 5-15 nm pore size range. CONCLUSION The loss of hemicelluloses and changes in polymer structural features caused by HWP led to reorganisation of the lignocellulose matrix. These modifications increased the SSA and redistributed the water thereby increasing the accessibility of cellulases and enhancing hydrolysis. Interestingly, lignin content did not have a negative impact on enzymatic hydrolysis but a higher lignin condensed state appeared to promote saccharification. The environment and organisation of lignin is thus more important than its concentration in explaining cellulose accessibility. Elucidating the interactions between polymers is the key to understanding LB recalcitrance and to identifying the best severity conditions to optimise HWP in sustainable biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Leroy
- INRAE, UR 1268 BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A614, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Xavier Falourd
- INRAE, UR 1268 BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Loïc Foucat
- INRAE, UR 1268 BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Valérie Méchin
- INRAE, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, 78026, Versailles, France
| | | | - Gabriel Paës
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A614, 51100, Reims, France.
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Velasco J, Oliva B, Mulinari EJ, Quintero LP, da Silva Lima A, Gonçalves AL, Gonçalves TA, Damasio A, Squina FM, Ferreira Milagres AM, Abdella A, Wilkins MR, Segato F. Heterologous expression and functional characterization of a GH10 endoxylanase from Aspergillus fumigatus var. niveus with potential biotechnological application. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 24:e00382. [PMID: 31799141 PMCID: PMC6881608 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Xylanases decrease the xylan content in pretreated biomass releasing it from hemicellulose, thus improving the accessibility of cellulose for cellulases. In this work, an endo-β-1,4-xylanase from Aspergillus fumigatus var. niveus (AFUMN-GH10) was successfully expressed. The structural analysis and biochemical characterization showed this AFUMN-GH10 does not contain a carbohydrate-binding module. The enzyme retained its activity in a pH range from 4.5 to 7.0, with an optimal temperature at 60 °C. AFUMN-GH10 showed the highest activity in beechwood xylan. The mode of action of AFUMN-GH10 was investigated by hydrolysis of APTS-labeled xylohexaose, which resulted in xylotriose and xylobiose as the main products. AFUMN-GH10 released 27% of residual xylan from hydrothermally-pretreated corn stover and 14% of residual xylan from hydrothermally-pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The results showed that environmentally friendly pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with AFUMN-GH10 in low concentration is a suitable method to remove part of residual and recalcitrant hemicellulose from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josman Velasco
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Oliva
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Evandro José Mulinari
- Department of Physics and Applied Sciences, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Leidy Patricia Quintero
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Awana da Silva Lima
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Larissa Gonçalves
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Augusto Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, Universidade de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Damasio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, Universidade de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Asmaa Abdella
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Industrial Agricultural Products Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mark R. Wilkins
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Industrial Agricultural Products Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Fernando Segato
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
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