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Mao J, Tan L, Tian C, Wang W, Zhang H, Zhu Z, Li Y. Hepatoprotective effect of syringin combined with costunolide against LPS-induced acute liver injury in L-02 cells via Rac1/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11994-12020. [PMID: 37916984 PMCID: PMC10683587 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) leads to abnormal liver function and damage to liver cells. Syringin (syr) and costunolide (cos) are the major extracts from Dolomiaea souliei (Franch.) C.Shih (D. souliei), showing diverse biological functions in various biological processes. We explored the underlying hepatoprotective effects of syr+cos against LPS-induced ALI. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using an MTT assay and immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. ELISA was utilized to measure liver function and antioxidant stress indexes. qRT-PCR and western blotting was performed to determine mRNA and protein levels respectively. Using shRNA approach to Rac1 analyzed transcriptional targets. The results showed that syr+cos promoted L-02 cell proliferation, inhibiting the cell apoptosis and blocking cell cycle in G1 and G2/M phase. Syr+cos decreased the production of ALT, AST, LDH, MDA and ROS while increased SOD and CAT activities. Pretreated with syr+cos may decrease expressions of caspase-3,7,9, NF-κB, TNF-α proteins, Cyclin B, CDK1 and p-IκB proteins while p-IκB increased. Silencing of Rac-1 may protect the liver by increasing AKT, S473, T308 and reducing p-AKT proteins. Syr+cos exhibits anti-ALI activity via Rac1/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway which might act as an effective candidate drug for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Mao
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lihong Tan
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Cheng Tian
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Zhaojing Zhu
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yan Li
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing 400030, China
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Linšak Ž, Gobin I, Linšak DT, Broznić D. Effects of Long-Term Lead Exposure on Antioxidant Enzyme Defense System in Organs of Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas) as a Bioindicator of Environmental Pollution in Croatia. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:5091-5103. [PMID: 34981425 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In Croatia, Podravina is a well-known lead-polluted region due to the intensive exploitation of natural gas, a highly developed agricultural industry, and a traffic hub with several heavily traveled roads. It represents a natural environment with a great variety of wildlife, especially hares (Lepus europaeus Pallas), which may serve as an indicator for environmental quality assessment. This study was conducted to estimate the bioaccumulation of lead in hare liver, kidney, muscle, and brain during long-term exposure and its impact on the oxidative status of the organism and to investigate a possible lead exchange ionic mechanism in the brain. In the organs of two hare groups (experimental from polluted area and control from the island of Krk), Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, lead concentrations, and antioxidant enzyme defense system were analyzed. The accumulation of lead was highest in the brain (3.7-fold higher compared to the control group) and lowest in the liver (1.6-fold higher compared to the control group). Kendall-Tau and multiple regression analysis showed that the increased lead content caused a stronger exchange of Ca and Na ions in the brain. We proposed that lead either mobilizes intracellular cation stores or causes competitive displacement of Ca from the binding site in intoxicated cells. A linear predictive model for cell intoxication by lead was proposed, where GPx and SOD were predominantly influenced by long-term lead exposure. The presented results showed that long-term lead exposure in hares negatively affected their oxidative status and caused the strongest toxicity in the brain and muscles, making their survival and/or population vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Željko Linšak
- Department for Health Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivana Gobin
- Department for Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dijana Tomić Linšak
- Department for Health Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Dalibor Broznić
- Department for Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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Wang M, Zhang S, Zhong R, Wan F, Chen L, Liu L, Yi B, Zhang H. Olive Fruit Extracts Supplement Improve Antioxidant Capacity via Altering Colonic Microbiota Composition in Mice. Front Nutr 2021; 8:645099. [PMID: 33889594 PMCID: PMC8055859 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.645099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, one of the most common biological dysfunctions, is usually associated with pathological conditions and multiple diseases in humans and animals. Chinese olive fruit (Canarium album L.) extracts (OE) are natural plant extracts rich in polyphenols (such as hydroxytyrosol, HT) and with antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemia, and anti-inflammatory potentials. This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant capacity of OE supplementation and its related molecular mechanism in mice. Mice (25.46 ± 1.65 g) were treated with 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) OE or saline solution for 4 weeks, and then the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities of mice were examined. The results showed that OE supplement significantly increased the serum antioxidative enzyme activities of total antioxidant activity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase and decreased the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level, indicating that OE treatment enhanced the antioxidant capacity in mice. qPCR results showed that the transcriptional expression of antioxidant SOD1, CAT, Gpx1, and Gpx2 were significantly down-regulated in the small intestine (jejunum and ileum) after OE administration. Meanwhile, OE treatment significantly decreased the T-AOC and increased the MDA level in the small intestine. Furthermore, OE administration dramatically reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), which confirmed its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities with OE administration. Using amplicon sequencing technology, 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that OE supplement significantly increased the colonic Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which also had a negative correlation with the serum MDA level and positively correlated with serum GSH-Px activity through Pearson correlation analysis. Besides that, Alloprevotella was negatively correlated with serum T-AOC. Colidextribacter was positively correlated with serum MDA and negatively correlated with serum T-AOC, SOD, and GSH-Px levels. In summary, this study showed that treatment with 100 mg/kg BW polyphenol-rich OE could alter colonic microbiota community, which was strongly associated with improved antioxidant capacity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shunfen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Radić K, Vinković Vrček I, Pavičić I, Čepo DV. Cellular Antioxidant Activity of Olive Pomace Extracts: Impact of Gastrointestinal Digestion and Cyclodextrin Encapsulation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215027. [PMID: 33138271 PMCID: PMC7663658 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive pomace is a valuable secondary raw material rich in polyphenols, left behind after the production of olive oil. The present study investigated the protective effect of a polyphenolic extract from olive pomace (OPE) on cell viability and antioxidant defense of cultured human HepG2 cells submitted to oxidative stress induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBOOH). The investigation considered possible matrix effects, impact of gastrointestinal digestion and cyclodextrin (CD) encapsulation. Pre-treatment of cells with OPE prevented cell damage and increased intracellular glutathione but did not affect the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. OPE matrix significantly enhanced cell protective effects of major antioxidants, such as hydroxytyrosol (HTS), while cyclodextrin encapsulation enhanced activity of OPE against intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The obtained results show that OPE is more potent antioxidant in comparison to equivalent dose of main polyphenols (HTS and TS) and that increasing solubility of OPE polyphenols by CD encapsulation or digestion enhances their potential to act as intracellular antioxidants. Antioxidative protection of cells by OPE was primarily achieved through direct radical-scavenging/reducing actions rather than activation of endogenous defense systems in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Radić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.V.V.); (I.P.)
| | - Ivan Pavičić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.V.V.); (I.P.)
| | - Dubravka Vitali Čepo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-6394-771
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Ibis C, Asenov Y, Akin M, Azamat IF, Sivrikoz N, Gurtekin B. Factors Affecting Liver Regeneration in Living Donors After Hepatectomy. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5986-5993. [PMID: 29249797 PMCID: PMC5742996 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The safety of living liver donors is the paramount priority of liver transplantation surgeons. The liver has an effective regeneration capacity. The regeneration rate of the liver remnant in living liver donors provides much information useful in liver surgery. The outcome of the remnant liver after hepatectomy can be affected by many different perioperative factors. Material/Methods A total of 46 patients were enrolled in the study. Retrospective clinical data, including preoperative and postoperative early and late computed tomography liver volumetry measurements, estimated resection volumes, resected liver weights, and postoperative laboratory values, were statistically evaluated according to the liver resection type. Results No significant difference was detected in age, sex, calculated and computed tomography estimated total liver volume, intraoperative Hb decrease, postoperative complications, or postoperative portal vein flow rate. Postoperative liver enlargement rates were significant higher in the right hemihepatectomy (RHH) group than in the left lateral sectionectomy (LLS) group. The size of the liver remnant or graft has a major effect on regeneration rate. Postoperative biliary leakage did not have any significant effect on liver regeneration. No post-hepatectomy liver failure was detected among the liver donors. Conclusions Liver hypertrophy depends on the extent of liver resection. The cause of volume decrease in the LLS group after hepatectomy in our series appears to be the gradual atrophy of liver segment 4. RHH and LLS surgeries differ from each other in terms of resected liver volume, as well as inflammatory activity, and the latter appears to affect liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Ibis
- Department of General Surgery, Division of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yavor Asenov
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of Tsaritsa Joanna, Clinical Center of Gastroenterology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Melih Akin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hamidiye Sisli Etfal Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim F Azamat
- Department of General Surgery, Division of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nukhet Sivrikoz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basak Gurtekin
- Department of Biostatistics, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ćurko-Cofek B, Kezele TG, Marinić J, Tota M, Čizmarević NS, Milin Č, Ristić S, Radošević-Stašić B, Barac-Latas V. Chronic iron overload induces gender-dependent changes in iron homeostasis, lipid peroxidation and clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neurotoxicology 2016; 57:1-12. [PMID: 27570231 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
To analyze iron- and gender-dependent mechanisms possibly involved in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) in this study we evaluated the effects of iron overload (IO) on iron status and lipid peroxidation processes (LPO) in tissues of female and male DA rats during chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a well-established MS animal model. Rats were treated by iron sucrose (75mg/kg bw/day) or with saline solution during two weeks before the sensitization with bovine brain homogenate in complete Freund's adjuvant. Clinical signs of EAE were monitored during 29 days. Serum and tissues of CNS and liver were sampled before immunization and at day 13th post immunization (during acute phase of EAE). The determination of ferritin, iron, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and evaluation of histopathology were performed by ELISA, ICP spectrometry and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that IO in female EAE rats accelerated the onset of disease. In contrast, in male rats it accelerated the progression of disease and increased the mortality rate. During acute phase of EAE female IO rats sequestered more Fe in the liver, spinal cord and in the brain and produced more ferritin than male EAE rats. Male rats, however, reacted on IO by higher production of MDA or 4-HNE in the neural tissues and showed greater signs of plaque formation and gliosis in spinal cord. The data point to sexual dimorphism in mechanisms that regulate peripheral and brain iron homeostasis and imply that men and women during MS might be differentially vulnerable to exogenous iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Božena Ćurko-Cofek
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tanja Grubić Kezele
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jelena Marinić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marin Tota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nada Starčević Čizmarević
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Čedomila Milin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Smiljana Ristić
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Biserka Radošević-Stašić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Vesna Barac-Latas
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 22, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
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