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Figueroa L, Rosas M, Alvarez M, Aguilar E, Mateu V, Bonilla E. Interaction of Purine and its Derivatives with A1, A2-Adenosine Receptors and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 (Vegf-R1) as a Therapeutic Alternative to Treat Cancer. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2024. [PMID: 39173673 DOI: 10.1055/a-2376-5771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several studies that indicate that cancer development may be conditioned by the activation of some biological systems that involve the interaction of different biomolecules, such as adenosine and vascular endothelial growth factor. These biomolecules have been targeted of some drugs for treat of cancer; however, there is little information on the interaction of purine derivatives with adenosine and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF-R1). OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to determine the possible interaction of purine (1: ) and their derivatives (2-31: ) with A1, A2-adenosine receptors, and VEGF-R1. METHODS Theoretical interaction of purine and their derivatives with A1, A2-adenosine receptors and VEGF-R1 was carried out using the 5uen, 5mzj and 3hng proteins as theoretical tools. Besides, adenosine, cgs-15943, rolofylline, cvt-124, wrc-0571, luf-5834, cvt-6883, AZD-4635, cabozantinib, pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib drugs were used as controls. RESULTS The results showed differences in the number of aminoacid residues involved in the interaction of purine and their derivatives with 5uen, 5mzj and 3hng proteins compared with the controls. Besides, the inhibition constants (Ki) values for purine and their derivatives 5: , 9: , 10: , 14: , 15: , 16: , and 20: were lower compared with the controls CONCLUSIONS: Theoretical data suggest that purine and their derivatives 5: , 9: , 10: , 14: , 15: , 16: , and 20: could produce changes in cancer cell growth through inhibition of A1, A2-adenosine receptors and VEGFR-1 inhibition. These data indicate that these purine derivatives could be a therapeutic alternative to treat some types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauro Figueroa
- Laboratory of Pharmaco-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Biological Sciences, University Autonomous of Campeche, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Marcela Rosas
- Faculty of Nutrition, University Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
| | - Magdalena Alvarez
- Faculty of Nutrition, University Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
| | - Emilio Aguilar
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
| | - Virginia Mateu
- Faculty of Nutrition, University Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
| | - Enrique Bonilla
- Faculty of Nutrition, University Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
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Tang ML, Wen ZH, Wang JH, Wang ML, Zhang H, Liu XH, Jin L, Chang J. Discovery of Pyridone-Substituted Triazolopyrimidine Dual A 2A/A 1 AR Antagonists for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:436-442. [PMID: 35295085 PMCID: PMC8919384 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
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Ischemic stroke is
a complex systemic disease characterized by
high morbidity, disability, and mortality. The activation of the presynaptic
adenosine A2A and A1 receptors modifies a variety
of brain insults from excitotoxicity to stroke. Therefore, the discovery
of dual A2A/A1 adenosine receptor (AR)-targeting
therapeutic compounds could be a strategy for the treatment of ischemic
stroke. Inspired by two clinical phase III drugs, ASP-5854 (dual A2A/A1 AR antagonist) and preladenant (selective
A2A AR antagonist), and using the hybrid medicinal strategy,
we characterized novel pyridone-substituted triazolopyrimidine scaffolds
as dual A2A/A1 AR antagonists. Among them, compound 1a exerted excellent A2A/A1 AR binding
affinity (Ki = 5.58/24.2
nM), an antagonistic effect (IC50 = 5.72/25.9 nM), and
good metabolic stability in human liver microsomes, rat liver microsomes,
and dog liver microsomes. Importantly, compound 1a demonstrated
a dose–effect relationship in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion
(OGD/R)-treated HT22 cell model. These findings support the development
of dual A2A/A1 AR antagonists as a potential
treatment for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lin Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zi-Hao Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing-Huan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mei-Ling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Heyanhao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Anesthesia, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Li J, Van Valkenburgh J, Hong X, Conti PS, Zhang X, Chen K. Small molecules as theranostic agents in cancer immunology. Theranostics 2019; 9:7849-7871. [PMID: 31695804 PMCID: PMC6831453 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With further research into the molecular mechanisms and roles linking immune suppression and restraint of (pre)malignancies, immunotherapies have revolutionized clinical strategies in the treatment of cancer. However, nearly 70% of patients who received immune checkpoint therapeutics showed no response. Complementary and/or synergistic effects may occur when extracellular checkpoint antibody blockades combine with small molecules targeting intracellular signal pathways up/downstream of immune checkpoints or regulating the innate and adaptive immune response. After radiolabeling with radionuclides, small molecules can also be used for estimating treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades. This review not only highlights some significant intracellular pathways and immune-related targets such as the kynurenine pathway, purinergic signaling, the kinase signaling axis, chemokines, etc., but also summarizes some attractive and potentially immunosuppression-related small molecule agents, which may be synergistic with extracellular immune checkpoint blockade. In addition, opportunities for small molecule-based theranostics in cancer immunology will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindian Li
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Juno Van Valkenburgh
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xingfang Hong
- Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Peter S. Conti
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Fuxe K. Oligomeric Receptor Complexes and Their Allosteric Receptor-Receptor Interactions in the Plasma Membrane Represent a New Biological Principle for Integration of Signals in the CNS. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:230. [PMID: 31607863 PMCID: PMC6773811 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) not only exist as monomers but also as homomers and heteromers in which allosteric receptor-receptor interactions take place, modulating the functions of the participating GPCR protomers. GPCRs can also form heteroreceptor complexes with ionotropic receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases modulating their function. Furthermore, adaptor proteins interact with receptor protomers and modulate their interactions. The state of the art is that the allosteric receptor-receptor interactions are reciprocal, highly dynamic and substantially alter the signaling, trafficking, recognition and pharmacology of the participating protomers. The pattern of changes appears to be unique for each heteromer and can favor antagonistic or facilitatory interactions or switch the G protein coupling from e.g., Gi/o to Gq or to beta-arrestin signaling. It lends a new dimension to molecular integration in the nervous system. Future direction should be aimed at determining the receptor interface involving building models of selected heterodimers. This will make design of interface-interfering peptides that specifically disrupt the heterodimer possible. This will help to determine the functional role of the allosteric receptor-receptor interactions as well as the integration of signals at the plasma membrane by the heteroreceptor complexes, vs. integration of the intracellular signaling pathways. Integration of signals also at the plasma membrane seems crucial in view of the hypothesis that learning and memory at a molecular level takes place by reorganization of homo and heteroreceptor complexes in the postsynaptic membrane. Homo and heteroreceptor complexes are in balance with each other, and their disbalance is linked to disease. Targeting heteroreceptor complexes represents a novel strategy for the treatment of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Section of Physiology, University of Urbino, Campus Scientifico Enrico Mattei, Urbino, Italy
- Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Merighi S, Battistello E, Giacomelli L, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Gessi S. Targeting A3 and A2A adenosine receptors in the fight against cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:669-678. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1630380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Merighi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Luca Giacomelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Borroto-Escuela DO, Fuxe K. Can Allosteric Receptor-Protein Interactions in Receptor Complexes Be a Molecular Mechanism Involved in Cancer Immune Therapy? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:574. [PMID: 31481934 PMCID: PMC6710404 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the work in the Central Nervous System with discoveries of allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in homo- and heteroreceptor complexes representing a major integrative mechanism in synapses and extrasynaptic regions, it is proposed that a similar mechanism may exist in the immunological synapses. We discuss a putative additional molecular mechanism for the ability of the inhibitory T cell signaling proteins CTLA-4 and PD-1 and the adenosine A2AR to diminish T cell activation leading to enhancement of cancer development. We suggest that in the same immunological synapse involving T cells and antigen presenting cells multiple heteroreceptor complexes may participate and be in balance with each other. Their composition can vary between functional states and among different types of T cells. The T cell receptor (TCR) and its accelerators, strongly enhancing T cell activation, can be under inhibitory control by T cell signaling proteins CTLA4 and PD-1 and also the adenosine A2AR through inhibitory allosteric receptor-receptor interactions in different types of heteroreceptor complexes. As a result, inhibitory tumor induced immunosuppression can develop due to a dominance of the inhibitory signaling causing a brake on the TCR and/or its accelerator and the cancer immunotherapy becomes blocked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Section of Physiology, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
- Grupo Bohío-Estudio, Observatorio Cubano de Neurociencias, Yaguajay, Cuba
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Kjell Fuxe
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