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Yao J, Zang W, Wang Y, Yu B, Jiang Y, Ning N, Tian M. Largely Enhanced Service Life and Energy Harvesting Stability of Dielectric Elastomer Generator by Designing and Optimizing Compliance of Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11595-11604. [PMID: 38381554 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Dielectric elastomer generator (DEG), which consists of a dielectric elastomer (DE) film sandwiched between two flexible electrodes (FEs), has the advantages of lightweight, high energy density, and high energy conversion efficiency, providing a simple and feasible solution for harvesting energy from human motion or nature. As crucial constituents of DEG, FEs are expected to possess excellent conductivity and compliance. Nevertheless, there is currently no quantitative characterization method for FE compliance. In addition, the impact mechanism of FE compliance on the energy harvesting performance and fatigue life of the DEG remains unclear. In this study, the dynamic mechanical property (DMP) was used to assess the compliance of FEs, and the quantitative characterization method of FE compliance was proposed. A series of silicone rubber electrodes (SREs) with different DMPs and compliance were designed and prepared, and the impact mechanism of FE compliance on the energy harvesting stability and fatigue life of the DEG was investigated. The results indicate that the key to achieving excellent FE compliance lies in reducing the difference in the magnitude of the complex modulus and phase angle between the FEs and DE, which can significantly reduce interfacial friction and extend the fatigue life of DEG. Benefiting from the enhanced FE compliance, the fatigue life and full-life energy density of the DEG device increase by 20.3 times and 26.4 times, respectively, compared with those of the commonly used carbon-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashuai Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenpeng Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yingjie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nanying Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Longsiri K, Mora P, Peeksuntiye W, Jubsilp C, Hemvichian K, Karagiannidis P, Rimdusit S. Ultrafine fully vulcanized natural rubber modified by graft-copolymerization with styrene and acrylonitrile monomers. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:85. [PMID: 38647744 PMCID: PMC10992880 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aims to modify ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered natural rubber (UFPNR) prepared by emulsion graft-copolymerization with styrene (St) and acrylonitrile (AN) monomers onto deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR). The effects of monomers content and St/AN weight ratio on grafting efficiency and thermal stability of the developed DPNR-g-(PS-co-PAN) were investigated. The results showed that grafting efficiency was enhanced up to 86% with monomers content 15 phr and weight ratio St:AN 80:20. The obtained DPNR-g-(PS-co-PAN) was radiated by an electron beam at various doses, followed by a spray drying process to produce UFPNR. The obtained modified UFPNR particles irradiated at dose up to 300 kGy were relatively spherical with a particle size of approximately 4.4 µm. Furthermore, the degradation temperature of 5wt% loss (Td5) of UFPNR was found in the range of 349-356 °C. The results revealed that the modified UFPNR is suitable as a toughening filler for a broader spectrum of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittaphorn Longsiri
- Research Unit in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Phattarin Mora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, 26120, Thailand
| | - Watcharapong Peeksuntiye
- Research Unit in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanchira Jubsilp
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, 26120, Thailand
| | | | | | - Sarawut Rimdusit
- Research Unit in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Wang B, Kari L. Constitutive Model of Isotropic Magneto-Sensitive Rubber with Amplitude, Frequency, Magnetic and Temperature Dependence under a Continuum Mechanics Basis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030472. [PMID: 33540750 PMCID: PMC7867269 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-dimensional nonlinear constitutive model of the amplitude, frequency, magnetic and temperature dependent mechanical property of isotropic magneto-sensitive (MS) rubber is developed. The main components of MS rubber are an elastomer matrix and magnetizable particles. When a magnetic field is applied, the modulus of MS rubber increases, which is known as the magnetic dependence of MS rubber. In addition to the magnetic dependence, there are frequency, amplitude and temperature dependencies of the dynamic modulus of MS rubber. A continuum mechanical framework-based constitutive model consisting of a fractional standard linear solid (SLS) element, an elastoplastic element and a magnetic stress term of MS rubber is developed to depict the mechanical behavior of MS rubber. The novelty is that the amplitude, frequency, magnetic and temperature dependent mechancial properties of MS rubber are integrated into a whole constitutive model under the continuum mechanics frame. Comparison between the simulation and measurement results shows that the fitting effect of the developed model is very good. Therefore, the constitutive model proposed enables the prediction of the mechanical properties of MS rubber under various operating conditions with a high accuracy, which will drive MS rubber’s application in engineering problems, especially in the area of MS rubber-based anti-vibration devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- The Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory for Sound and Vibration Research (MWL), Department of Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 8, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
| | - Leif Kari
- The Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory for Sound and Vibration Research (MWL), Department of Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 8, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;
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Nguyen Duy H, Rimdusit N, Tran Quang T, Phan Minh Q, Vu Trung N, Nguyen TN, Nguyen TH, Rimdusit S, Ougizawa T, Tran Thi T. Improvement of thermal properties of Vietnam deproteinized natural rubber via graft copolymerization with styrene/acrylonitrile and diimide transfer hydrogenation. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hieu Nguyen Duy
- School of Chemical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Niratchaporn Rimdusit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Tung Tran Quang
- School of Chemical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Quyet Phan Minh
- School of Chemical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Nam Vu Trung
- School of Chemical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thi Nhan Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thu Ha Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Sarawut Rimdusit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Toshiaki Ougizawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - Thuy Tran Thi
- School of Chemical Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
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Improvement of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Vietnam Deproteinized Natural Rubber via Graft Copolymerization with Methyl Methacrylate. INT J POLYM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9037827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the improvement of the thermal and mechanical properties of Vietnam deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) via graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). The graft copolymerization was achieved successfully in latex stage using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHPO) and tetra-ethylenepentamine (TEPA) as radical initiators at 30°C. By grafting with various MMA feeds and initiator concentration of 6.6×10−5 mol/g-rubber, the highest grafting efficiency and conversion were achieved at MMA of 15 wt.% per kg of rubber, 68% and 90%, respectively. The structure of grafted copolymers was characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR-ATR, and GPC, and thermal properties were investigated through DSC and TGA measurements. These showed that graft copolymers were more stable and rigid than DPNR. Storage modulus (G′) of graft copolymer was found to double that of DPNR, which contributed to the formation of graft copolymer. After sulfur vulcanization, the mechanical properties of DPNR-graft-PMMA, such as tensile strength, tear strength, and hardness, were improved significantly. Curing behaviors of the graft copolymers were found to be remarkably better than virgin DPNR.
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