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Ding S, Cui J, Yan L, Ru C, He F, Chen A. Safflower Alleviates Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Inactivating NLRP3: A Combined Approach of Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2024; 18:e13826. [PMID: 39155275 PMCID: PMC11330698 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traditional Chinese medicinal plant, safflower, shows effective for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study is aimed at exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of safflower in the treatment of PAH. METHODS Network pharmacology approach and molecular docking were applied to identify the core active compounds, therapeutic targets, and potential signaling pathways of safflower against PAH. Meanwhile, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay was performed to determine the core compounds from safflower. Further, the mechanism of action of safflower on PAH was verified by in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS A total of 15 active compounds and 177 targets were screened from safflower against PAH. Enrichment analysis indicated that these therapeutic targets were mainly involved in multiple key pathways, such as TNF signaling pathway and Th17 cell differentiation. Notably, molecular docking revealed that quercetin (core compound in safflower) displayed highest binding capacity with NLRP3. In vivo, safflower exerted therapeutic effects on PAH by inhibiting right ventricular hypertrophy, inflammatory factor release, and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Mechanistically, it significantly reduced the expression of proangiogenesis-related factors (MMP-2, MMP-9, Collagen 1, and Collagen 3) and NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1) in PAH model. Similarly, these results were observed in vitro. Besides, we further confirmed that NLRP3 inhibitor had the same therapeutic effect as safflower in vitro. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that safflower mitigates PAH primarily by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This provides novel insights into the potential use of safflower as an alternative therapeutic approach for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibiao Ding
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryZhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jinyu Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineZhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Luning Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineZhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Chuhui Ru
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineZhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Fei He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineZhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Aifeng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineZhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Pan Y, Gu Z, Lyu Y, Yang Y, Chung M, Pan X, Cai S. Link between senescence and cell fate: Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and its effects on stem cell fate transition. Rejuvenation Res 2022; 25:160-172. [PMID: 35658548 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a form of durable cell cycle arrest elicited in response to a wide range of stimuli. Senescent cells remain metabolically active and secrete a variety of factors collectively termed senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP is highly pleiotropic and can impact numerous biological processes in which it has both beneficial and deleterious roles. The underlying mechanisms by which SASP exerts its pleiotropic influence remain largely unknown. SASP serves as an environmental factor, which regulates stem cell differentiation and alters its routine. The latter can potentially be accomplished through dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation, or reprogramming. Behavioral changes that cells undergo when exposed to SASP are involved in several senescence-associated physiological and pathological phenomena. These findings provide clues for identifying possible interventions to reduce the deleterious effects without interfering in the beneficial outcomes. Here, we discuss the multifaced effects of SASP and the changes occurring in cellular states upon exposure to SASP factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China;
| | - Zhenzhen Gu
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China;
| | - Yansi Lyu
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China;
| | - Yi Yang
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China;
| | - Manhon Chung
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 56694, Shanghai, China;
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- Shenzhen University, 47890, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China;
| | - Sa Cai
- Shenzhen University, 47890, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China, 518060;
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Zhou HY, Yang N, Sui H, Du XN, Luo Q, Zhao YJ, Zhou YW, Guan Q, Zhou Y, Qian HJ, Liu L, Wang DP, Lin HL. WITHDRAWN: The Role of the Vascular Niche in Organ Fibrosis and COVID-19-Related Organ Damage and the Countermeasures adopted by Chinese and Western Medicine. PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH - MODERN CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [PMCID: PMC8960293 DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2022.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
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any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article
Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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CTRP9 Mitigates the Progression of Arteriovenous Shunt-Induced Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in Rats. Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 2021:4971300. [PMID: 34858521 PMCID: PMC8598355 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4971300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is aimed at investigating the molecular mechanism of C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) and providing a new perspective in arteriovenous shunt-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH was established by an arteriovenous shunt placement performed in rats. Adenovirus(Ad)-CTRP9 and Ad-green fluorescent protein viral particles were injected into the rats through the tail vein. Following 12 weeks, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were measured and morphological analysis was conducted to confirm the establishment of the PAH model. The systemic elevation of CTRP9 maintained pulmonary vascular homeostasis and protected the rats from dysfunctional and abnormal remodeling. CTRP9 attenuated the pulmonary vascular remodeling in the shunt group by decreasing the mPAP and RVSP, which was associated with suppressed inflammation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix injury. In addition, CTRP9 dramatically increased the phosphorylation of AKT and p38-MAPK in the lung tissues of shunt-operated animals. These findings suggest a previously unrecognized effect of CTRP9 in pulmonary vascular homeostasis during PAH pathogenesis.
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Natural ingredients from Chinese materia medica for pulmonary hypertension. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:801-814. [PMID: 34844719 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe pathophysiological condition characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling and continuous increases in pulmonary artery pressure, which may eventually develop to right heart failure and death. Although newly discovered and incredible treatment strategies in recent years have improved the prognosis of PH, limited types of effective and economical drugs for PH still makes it as a life-threatening disease. Some drugs from Chinese materia medica (CMM) have been traditionally applied in the treatment of lung diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) derived from those medicines brings promising future for the prevention and treatment of PH. In this review, we summarized the pharmacological effects of APIs derived from CMM which are potent in treating PH, so as to provide new thoughts for initial drug discovery and identification of potential therapeutic strategies in alternative medicine for PH.
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Zhou HY, Sui H, Zhao YJ, Qian HJ, Yang N, Liu L, Guan Q, Zhou Y, Lin HL, Wang DP. The Impact of Inflammatory Immune Reactions of the Vascular Niche on Organ Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:750509. [PMID: 34776968 PMCID: PMC8585779 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.750509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a type of defense response against tissue damage, and can be mediated by lymphocytes and macrophages. Fibrosis is induced by tissue injury and inflammation, which leads to an increase in fibrous connective tissue in organs and a decrease in organ parenchyma cells, finally leading to organ dysfunction or even failure. The vascular niche is composed of endothelial cells, pericytes, macrophages, and hematopoietic stem cells. It forms a guiding microenvironment for the behavior of adjacent cells, and mainly exists in the microcirculation, including capillaries. When an organ is damaged, the vascular niche regulates inflammation and affects the repair of organ damage in a variety of ways, such as via its angiocrine function and transformation of myofibroblasts. In this paper, the main roles of vascular niche in the process of organ fibrosis and its mechanism of promoting the progress of fibrosis through inflammatory immunoregulation are summarized. It was proposed that the vascular niche should be regarded as a new therapeutic target for organ fibrosis, suggesting that antifibrotic effects could be achieved by regulating macrophages, inhibiting endothelial-mesenchymal transition, interfering with the angiocrine function of endothelial cells, and inhibiting the transformation of pericytes into myofibroblasts, thus providing new ideas for antifibrosis drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Sui
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang-Jianing Zhao
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-Jie Qian
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing Guan
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-Li Lin
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Da-Peng Wang
- Institude college of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Ameliorative Effects and Mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling: Network and Experimental Analyses. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4576071. [PMID: 34422208 PMCID: PMC8378953 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4576071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe and progressive cardiovascular disease. Its pathological mechanism is complex, and the common pathological feature is pulmonary vascular remodeling. The efficacy of existing therapeutic agents is limited. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of complex diseases. In this study, the approaches of network pharmacology combined with biological verification are employed to explore the role of Buyang huanwu decoction (BYHWD) in the treatment of PH. The active ingredients in BYHWD were first screened based on the ADME properties of the compounds. In turn, the mean of data mining was utilized to analyze the potential targets of BYHWD for the treatment of PH. On this basis, a series of interaction networks were constructed for searching the core targets. The genes including AKT1, MMP9, NOS3/eNOS, and EGFR were found to be possible key targets in BYHWD. The results of enrichment analysis showed that the targets of BYHWD focused on smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, which are classic biological processes involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling and are closely related to the PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway. The methods of biological experiments were adopted to verify the above results. The present study elucidated the mechanism of BYHWD in the treatment of PH and provided new ideas for the clinical use of TCM in the treatment of PH.
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The Preventive Effects of Quercetin on Preterm Birth Based on Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:193-202. [PMID: 34231170 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has shown that quercetin prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced preterm birth. This study aims to clarify the potential targets and biological mechanisms of quercetin in preventing preterm birth. We used bioinformatics databases to collect the candidate targets for quercetin and preterm birth. The biological functions and enriched pathways of the intersecting targets were analyzed by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses. Then, the hub targets were identified by cytoscape plugin cytoHubba from the protein-protein interaction network. We obtained 105 targets for quercetin in preventing preterm birth. The biological processes of the intersecting targets are mainly involved in steroid metabolic process, drug metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process, omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway, positive regulation of cell migration, negative regulation of apoptotic process, and positive regulation of cell proliferation. The highly enriched pathways were steroid hormone biosynthesis, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, proteoglycans in cancer, focal adhesion, and arachidonic acid metabolism. The ten hub targets for quercetin in preventing preterm birth were AKT serine/threonine kinase 1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, epidermal growth factor receptor, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, estrogen receptor 1, heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 8, androgen receptor, and matrix metallopeptidase 9. Molecular docking analysis showed good bindings between these proteins and quercetin. In conclusion, these findings highlight the key targets and molecular mechanisms of quercetin in preventing preterm birth.
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Dagher O, Mury P, Thorin-Trescases N, Noly PE, Thorin E, Carrier M. Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin to Alleviate Endothelial Dysfunction in Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:658400. [PMID: 33860002 PMCID: PMC8042157 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.658400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium occupies a catalog of functions that contribute to the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. It is a physically active barrier between circulating blood and tissue, a regulator of the vascular tone, a biochemical processor and a modulator of coagulation, inflammation, and immunity. Given these essential roles, it comes to no surprise that endothelial dysfunction is prodromal to chronic age-related diseases of the heart and arteries, globally termed cardiovascular diseases (CVD). An example would be ischemic heart disease (IHD), which is the main cause of death from CVD. We have made phenomenal advances in treating CVD, but the aging endothelium, as it senesces, always seems to out-run the benefits of medical and surgical therapies. Remarkably, many epidemiological studies have detected a correlation between a flavonoid-rich diet and a lower incidence of mortality from CVD. Quercetin, a member of the flavonoid class, is a natural compound ubiquitously found in various food sources such as fruits, vegetables, seeds, nuts, and wine. It has been reported to have a wide range of health promoting effects and has gained significant attention over the years. A growing body of evidence suggests quercetin could lower the risk of IHD by mitigating endothelial dysfunction and its risk factors, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, accumulation of senescent endothelial cells, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). In this review, we will explore these pathophysiological cascades and their interrelation with endothelial dysfunction. We will then present the scientific evidence to quercetin's anti-atherosclerotic, anti-hypertensive, senolytic, and anti-EndoMT effects. Finally, we will discuss the prospect for its clinical use in alleviating myocardial ischemic injuries in IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olina Dagher
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pauline Mury
- Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Pierre Emmanuel Noly
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Thorin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Carrier
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Xi L, Ruan L, Yao X, Zhang D, Yuan H, Li Q, Yan C. SIRT1 promotes pulmonary artery endothelial cell proliferation by targeting the Akt signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:179. [PMID: 33101469 PMCID: PMC7579766 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and obliterative pulmonary vascular remodeling; however, the pathogenesis of the disease is not completely understood. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a histone deacetylase involved in cell survival and metabolism. The present study explored the potential role of SIRT1 in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAECs) under hypoxic conditions. In vitro HPAECs were cultured and exposed to hypoxic conditions. Subsequently, SIRT1 expression levels were measured via western blotting, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated, and the interaction between SIRT1 and Akt was assessed via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. In addition, the effects of SIRT1 on cell proliferation and apoptosis were also investigated. The results indicated that hypoxia induced SIRT1 expression in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells, which may be associated with ROS generation. SIRT1 expression activated the Akt signaling pathway, which increased the expression levels of Bcl-2 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in HPAECs. Moreover, SIRT1 promoted HPAEC proliferation and inhibited HPAEC apoptosis. ROS generation enhanced the SIRT1/Akt axis, which was essential for epithelial cell injury under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, blocking SIRT1 may reduce hypoxia-induced pathological damage in HPAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liandong Xi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Beijing Miyun Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical University, Beijing 101500, P.R. China
| | - Lin Ruan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200; P.R. China.,Department of Surgery, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200; P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Yuan
- The Third Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200; P.R. China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Cuihuan Yan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200; P.R. China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
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Impact of Nutrition on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010169. [PMID: 31936113 PMCID: PMC7019983 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by sustained vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, inflammation, and in situ thrombosis. Although there have been important advances in the knowledge of the pathophysiology of PAH, it remains a debilitating, limiting, and rapidly progressive disease. Vitamin D and iron deficiency are worldwide health problems of pandemic proportions. Notably, these nutritional alterations are largely more prevalent in PAH patients than in the general population and there are several pieces of evidence suggesting that they may trigger or aggravate disease progression. There are also several case reports associating scurvy, due to severe vitamin C deficiency, with PAH. Flavonoids such as quercetin, isoflavonoids such as genistein, and other dietary polyphenols including resveratrol slow the progression of the disease in animal models of PAH. Finally, the role of the gut microbiota and its interplay with the diet, host immune system, and energy metabolism is emerging in multiple cardiovascular diseases. The alteration of the gut microbiota has also been reported in animal models of PAH. It is thus possible that in the near future interventions targeting the nutritional status and the gut dysbiosis will improve the outcome of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College Central South University Zhuzhou Hunan China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College Central South University Zhuzhou Hunan China
| | - Fan Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College Central South University Zhuzhou Hunan China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College Central South University Zhuzhou Hunan China
| | - Shuhong Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College Central South University Zhuzhou Hunan China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College Central South University Zhuzhou Hunan China
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Wang J, Yan G, Guo H, Zhu Y, Shui X, He Y, Chen C, Lei W. ITE promotes hypoxia-induced transdifferentiation of human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells possibly by activating transforming growth factor-β/Smads and MAPK/ERK pathways. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19567-19577. [PMID: 31297875 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the transdifferentiation of human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAECs) into smooth muscle like (SM-like) cells under hypoxic conditions and reveal the role of endogenous small molecular compound 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylicacid methyl ester (ITE) in this process. HPAECs were treated by hypoxia and hypoxia + ITE with different durations. The endothelial markers (CD31 and VE-cad) and smooth muscle markers (α-SMA, SM22α, and OPN) were investigated by immunofluorescence double staining, and their expressions, along with the differentiation regulators transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) ligands and downstream signals including TGF-β1, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP2), BMP9, Samd2/3, ERK, and p38 MAPK, were determined by Western blot analysis. The viability and proliferation of HPAECs were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assays. As a result, hypoxia induced HPAECs transdifferentiation from paving-stone-like into polygonal or spindle cells, whose number increased greatly after additional ITE stimulation for 7 days. Compared with the normoxic HPAECs, the expression of endothelial markers reduced and smooth muscle markers were enhanced with the extension of hypoxia + ITE treatment, and meanwhile the cell viability increased significantly. Hypoxia could promote expression of TGF-β1 protein rather than BMP2 and BMP9, and regulate phosphorylation levels of Samd2/3, ERK and p38 MAPK in different manners. In conclusion, ITE can promote the hypoxia-induced transdifferentiation of HPAECs into SM-like cells via TGF-β/Smads and MAPK/ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guosen Yan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haixu Guo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaorong Shui
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuan He
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Can Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Semen KO, Bast A. Towards improved pharmacotherapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Can diet play a role? Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 30:159-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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15
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Kim JK, Park SU. Quercetin and its role in biological functions: an updated review. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:856-863. [PMID: 30233284 PMCID: PMC6141818 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
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