A Simple Bone Cyst in Cervical Vertebrae of an Adolescent Patient

A Bone Cyst in the Cervical Region of the Vertebral Column: A Report of a Rare Case

Of all primary spine tumors, 15% are benign osteolytic lesions known as aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs). Owing to the involvement of surrounding neurovascular structures and the potential for cervical spine instability, ABCs in the cervical spine represent a relatively uncommon clinical entity with surgical resection that is extremely challenging. This report details a case of an ABC in the cervical spine affecting a 10-year-old child who presented at the Medical Services Center at Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University. The patient manifested with neck pain, a history of trauma, limitations in cervical motion, and neurological changes over the course of clinical follow-up. Diagnostic measures included radiography and computed tomography. The child underwent surgery to stabilize the cervical spine and to excise both the tumor and the affected vertebrae. Given the high recurrence rate of previously described lesions, various additional techniques have been utilized in conjunction with surgical resection, such as radiation and embolization. This paper further discusses the patient's progress, the chosen treatment, and the range of available options. More research is needed to develop evidence-based treatment plans for cervical spine ABCs in younger patients.

Unilateral facet fixation as a salvage procedure: Report of two cases with cervical primary bone tumors with extensive bone destruction

We describe cases of two patients with primary cervical bone tumors that resulted in extensive destruction of bones of the region. In the first patient, the tumor and its growth resulted in the destruction of C3-C5 vertebral bodies and the unilateral destruction of facets and pedicles. In the second case, there was focal destruction of the body and odontoid process and unilateral pedicle and facet of C2. Tumor resection and spinal stabilization were the aims of the surgery. In both cases, unilateral fixation of facets was done. In the first patient, multi-segmental transarticular fixation by Camille's technique was done, and in the second patient, unilateral lateral mass plate and screw fixation was done by the Goel technique. Solid bone fusion of spinal segments was observed at more than a 2-year follow-up in both cases. Based on this experience, it appears that unilateral facetal fixation can provide firm stability and can be used when other more frequently and popularly used techniques are either not available or possible.

Simple bone cyst of spinal vertebrae: two case reports and literature review

Simple bone cyst (SBC) is not a common lesion in the spine and especially in the vertebral body. We intend to report two cases of SBC located in the vertebral body, and review the literature. Two cases include a 24 year-old male and 26 year-old male with vertebral body lesion of T12 and L5 vertebrae,retrospectively. Both lesions were found to be SBC and confirmed by pathology. Both cases were managed with surgery, the cavity was filled with bone graft and posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation with pedicle screws, and rods were carried out. There was no recurrence. There have been 21 cases of SBCs in English literature, and only 8 cases have been reported in the vertebral body. SBC is a rare benign lesion in the spine and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis when suggested by radiologic investigations.

Clival simple bone cyst: Rare pathological entity (case report)

Background:

Clival cystic lesions are not frequently seen in neurosurgery. Cystic lesion in the clivus can be part of a neoplastic process such as chordoma, chondrosarcoma, plasmacytoma, or metastasis. Rare types of pure cystic clival lesions include simple bone cysts and arachnoid cysts, which are asymptomatic most of the time and do not cause symptoms until they reach a large size.

Case Description:

This is a case report of a healthy 53-year-old male patient with a clival cystic lesion. The patient underwent surgical drainage and wall resection of the clival lesion with no postoperative complications. Intraoperative finding raised the possibility of the diagnosis of an arachnoid cyst. However, the pathology findings indicated a simple bone cyst.

Conclusion:

Simple bone cyst and arachnoid cyst in the clivus are rare, they should be considered in the diagnosis of clival cystic lesions.

Unicameral bone cysts: Current concepts

Unicameral bone cysts (UBC) or simple/solitary bone cysts are benign fluid filled cavities that enlarge over time, resulting in thinning of the bone. Usually these cysts are reported in the metaphyseal areas of long bones with open physes. 85% of UBCs occur almost exclusively in children and adolescents. UBCs are more aggressive in the first decade of life and correspondingly the recurrence rate for these patients is four times that for adolescents. The proximal humerus and femur account for almost 90% of these cases. UBCs are classified as active when they are within 1 cm of the physis and latent as they progress to a diaphyseal location. Differential diagnoses for UBC include aneurysmal bone cyst, fibrous dysplasia, enchondroma, and intraosseous ganglia. By the time of skeletal maturity most UBCs tend to resolve. Nonoperative treatment may be a viable option for many patients with small or symptomatic lesions. Interventions include steroid injection, open curettage and bone grafting, decompression and percutaneous injection of marrow or graft substitutes.