de Moraes ATL, Quaresma MCA, Silva TF, Sousa NWA, Menezes SAF, Ribeiro ALR, Pinheiro JDJV. Traumatic enucleation of the left globe after a road traffic accident - A case report of an uncommon occurrence in maxillofacial trauma.
Int J Surg Case Rep 2020;
78:133-139. [PMID:
33340981 PMCID:
PMC7750125 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.12.011]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sometimes the orbital mechanisms to protect the globe fail.
Although rare, globe avulsion can occur after maxillofacial blunt trauma.
Despite all efforts, permanent major sequels can occur after facial trauma.
Introduction
Serious injuries of the globe are uncommon in closed maxillofacial trauma, as the anatomical configuration of the orbit offers important protective mechanisms against external trauma. Thus, the objective of this work is to report a case of a rare traumatic enucleation of the globe resulting from maxillofacial blunt trauma.
Presentation of case
A 42-year-old man was hit by a car with a major complaint of facial pain. The patient had several facial fractures including: Le Fort I, naso-orbit-ethmoidal, anterior sinus wall and an exposed fracture of the orbit-zygomatic complex (OZC). The patient underwent to open reduction and internal fixation of facial fractures and enucleation of the left globe, however, evolved with postoperative infection and complications associated with, a so far unknown, type 2 diabetes. After secondary surgeries for removal infected bones and diabetes control, all injuries were fully healed, and the patient remained with major sequels.
Discussion
In this case, we hypothesized a high-energy trauma resulting in multiple facial fractures, especially involving the OZC, dislocated the thick lateral wall of the orbit within the orbital cavity and reduced the orbital volume. This resulted in an exaggerated increase in intraorbital pressure, which exceeded the capacity of all anatomical protective mechanisms of the globe, and pushed the globe outwards, causing a complete avulsion.
Conclusion
Besides all anatomical structures to protect the globe, rarely high energy maxillofacial trauma can cause severe damage to the globe resulting in loss of vision and globe avulsion.
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