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Bhattacharya S, Gupta N, Flekalová A, Gordillo-Alarcón S, Espinel-Jara V, Fernández-Cusimamani E. Exploring Folklore Ecuadorian Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Components Focusing on Antidiabetic Potential: An Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1436. [PMID: 38891245 PMCID: PMC11174784 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health concern characterized by a deficiency in insulin production. Considering the systemic toxicity and limited efficacy associated with current antidiabetic medications, there is the utmost need for natural, plant-based alternatives. Herbal medicines have experienced exponential growth in popularity globally in recent years for their natural origins and minimal side effects. Ecuador has a rich cultural history in ethnobotany that plays a crucial role in its people's lives. This study identifies 27 Ecuadorian medicinal plants that are traditionally used for diabetes treatment and are prepared through infusion, decoction, or juice, or are ingested in their raw forms. Among them, 22 plants have demonstrated hypoglycemic or anti-hyperglycemic properties that are rich with bioactive phytochemicals, which was confirmed in several in vitro and in vivo studies. However, Bryophyllum gastonis-bonnieri, Costus villosissimus, Juglans neotropica, Pithecellobium excelsum, and Myroxylon peruiferum, which were extensively used in traditional medicine preparation in Ecuador for many decades to treat diabetes, are lacking in pharmacological elucidation. The Ecuadorian medicinal plants used to treat diabetes have been found to have several bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, fatty acids, aldehydes, and terpenoids that are mainly responsible for reducing blood sugar levels and oxidative stress, regulating intestinal function, improving insulin resistance, inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase, lowering gluconeogenic enzymes, stimulating glucose uptake mechanisms, and playing an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, there is a substantial lack of integrated approaches between the existing ethnomedicinal practices and pharmacological research. Therefore, this review aims to discuss and explore the traditional medicinal plants used in Ecuador for treating DM and their bioactive phytochemicals, which are mainly responsible for their antidiabetic properties. We believe that the use of Ecuadorian herbal medicine in a scientifically sound way can substantially benefit the local economy and industries seeking natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Bhattacharya
- Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Adéla Flekalová
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Salomé Gordillo-Alarcón
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Avda. 17 de Julio 5-21, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador;
| | - Viviana Espinel-Jara
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Avda. 17 de Julio 5-21, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador;
| | - Eloy Fernández-Cusimamani
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
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Roman S, Voaides C, Babeanu N. Exploring the Sustainable Exploitation of Bioactive Compounds in Pelargonium sp.: Beyond a Fragrant Plant. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4123. [PMID: 38140450 PMCID: PMC10748180 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This review article aims to present an overview regarding the volatile compounds in different scented species of Pelargonium and their biological activities, immunomodulatory activity, cytotoxic activity, high larvicidal activity and ethnopharmacological uses. Although the Pelargonium genus includes many species, we focused only on the scented ones, with the potential to be used in different domains. Pelargonium essential oil showed great properties as antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity (against K. pneumonie, S. aureus or E. coli strains) and antifungal activity (against many fungi including Candida sp.), the responsible compounds for these properties being tannins, flavones, flavonols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and coumarins. Due to the existence of bioactive constituents in the chemical composition of fresh leaves, roots, or flowers of Pelargonium sp. (such as monoterpenoid compounds-citronellol, geraniol, linalool, and flavonoids-myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol), this species is still valuable, the bio-compounds representing the base of innovative substitutes in food processing industry, nutraceuticals, or preventive human or veterinary medicine (substitute of antibiotics). Highlighting the volatile chemical composition and properties of this scented plant aims to rediscover it and to emphasize the vast spectrum of health-promoting constituents for a sustainable approach. Future research directions should point to the application of plant biotechnology with a significant role in conservation strategy and to stimulate commercial interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catalina Voaides
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (N.B.); Tel.: +40-722517767 (C.V.); +40-723210879 (N.B.)
| | - Narcisa Babeanu
- Correspondence: (C.V.); (N.B.); Tel.: +40-722517767 (C.V.); +40-723210879 (N.B.)
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Kumar A, P N, Kumar M, Jose A, Tomer V, Oz E, Proestos C, Zeng M, Elobeid T, K S, Oz F. Major Phytochemicals: Recent Advances in Health Benefits and Extraction Method. Molecules 2023; 28:887. [PMID: 36677944 PMCID: PMC9862941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent scientific studies have established a relationship between the consumption of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols, isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, etc., with health benefits such as prevention of diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. This has led to the popularization of phytochemicals. Nowadays, foods containing phytochemicals as a constituent (functional foods) and the concentrated form of phytochemicals (nutraceuticals) are used as a preventive measure or cure for many diseases. The health benefits of these phytochemicals depend on their purity and structural stability. The yield, purity, and structural stability of extracted phytochemicals depend on the matrix in which the phytochemical is present, the method of extraction, the solvent used, the temperature, and the time of extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi 284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmal P
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Anina Jose
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vidisha Tomer
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Emel Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Zographou, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tahra Elobeid
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Sneha K
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Alonso AM, Reyes-Maldonado OK, Puebla-Pérez AM, Arreola MPG, Velasco-Ramírez SF, Zúñiga-Mayo V, Sánchez-Fernández RE, Delgado-Saucedo JI, Velázquez-Juárez G. GC/MS Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, and Antimicrobial Effect of Pelargonium peltatum (Geraniaceae). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113436. [PMID: 35684374 PMCID: PMC9181846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the increase in antibiotic resistance demands searching for new compounds with antimicrobial activity. Phytochemicals found in plants offer an alternative to this problem. The genus Pelargonium contains several species; some have commercial use in traditional medicine such as P. sinoides, and others such as P. peltatum are little studied but have promising potential for various applications such as phytopharmaceuticals. In this work, we characterized the freeze-dried extracts (FDEs) of five tissues (root, stem, leaf, and two types of flowers) and the ethyl acetate fractions from leaf (Lf-EtOAc) and flower (Fwr-EtOAc) of P. peltatum through the analysis by thin-layer chromatography (T.L.C.), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), phytochemicals quantification, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity. After the first round of analysis, it was observed that the FDE-Leaf and FDE-Flower showed higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities compared to the other FDEs, for which FDE-Leaf and FDE-Flower were fractionated and analyzed in a second round. The antioxidant activity determined by ABTS showed that Lf-EtOAc and Fwr-EtOAc had the lowest IC50 values with 27.15 ± 1.04 and 28.11 ± 1.3 µg/mL, respectively. The content of total polyphenols was 264.57 ± 7.73 for Lf-EtOAc and 105.39 ± 4.04 mg G.A./g FDE for Fwr-EtOAc. Regarding the content of flavonoid, Lf-EtOAc and Fw-EtOAc had the highest concentration with 34.4 ± 1.06 and 29.45 ± 1.09 mg Q.E./g FDE. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (M.I.C.) of antimicrobial activity was evaluated: Lf-EtOAc and Fwr-EtOAc were effective at 31.2 µg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and 62.5 µg/mL for Salmonella enterica, while for the Enterococcus feacalis strain, Fwr-EtOAc presented 31.2 µg/mL of M.I.C. According to the GC-MS analysis, the main compounds were 1,2,3-Benzenetriol (Pyrogallol), with 77.38% of relative abundance in the Lf-EtOAc and 71.24% in the Fwr-EtOAc, followed by ethyl gallate (13.10%) in the Fwr-EtOAc and (Z)-9-Octadecenamide (13.63% and 6.75%) in both Lf-EtOAc and Fwr-EtOAc, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan-Misael Alonso
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Procesos Biotecnológicos, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara CP 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Oscar Kevin Reyes-Maldonado
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Avanzada, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara CP 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (O.K.R.-M.); (S.F.V.-R.)
| | - Ana María Puebla-Pérez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara CP 44430, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Martha Patricia Gallegos Arreola
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, División de Genética, I.M.S.S., Sierra Mojada 800, Independencia Oriente, Guadalajara CP 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Sandra Fabiola Velasco-Ramírez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Avanzada, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara CP 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (O.K.R.-M.); (S.F.V.-R.)
| | - Victor Zúñiga-Mayo
- Campus Montecillo, CONACyT-Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco CP 56230, Estado de Mexico, Mexico;
| | - Rosa E. Sánchez-Fernández
- Laboratorio Nacional de Investigación y Servicio Agroalimentario y Forestal (LANISAF), Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Mexico-Texcoco km 38.5, Texcoco CP 56230, Mexico;
| | - Jorge-Iván Delgado-Saucedo
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara CP 44430, Jalisco, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (J.-I.D.-S.); (G.V.-J.)
| | - Gilberto Velázquez-Juárez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Avanzada, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara CP 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (O.K.R.-M.); (S.F.V.-R.)
- Correspondence: (J.-I.D.-S.); (G.V.-J.)
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Susanna D, Balakrishnan RM, Ponnan Ettiyappan J. Comprehensive insight into the extract optimization, phytochemical profiling, and biological evaluation of the medicinal plant Nothapodytes foetida. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Laser Light Treatment Improves the Mineral Composition, Essential Oil Production and Antimicrobial Activity of Mycorrhizal Treated Pelargoniumgraveolens. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061752. [PMID: 35335116 PMCID: PMC8954123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelargonium graveolens, rose-scented geranium, is commonly used in the perfume industry. P. graveolens is enriched with essential oils, phenolics, flavonoids, which account for its tremendous biological activities. Laser light treatment and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation can further enhance the phytochemical content in a significant manner. In this study, we aimed to explore the synergistic impact of these two factors on P. graveolens. For this, we used four groups of surface-sterilized seeds: (1) control group1 (non-irradiated; non-colonized group); (2) control group2 (mycorrhizal colonized group); (3) helium-neon (He-Ne) laser-irradiated group; (4) mycorrhizal colonization coupled with He-Ne laser-irradiation group. Treated seeds were growing in artificial soil inculcated with Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833, in a climate-controlled chamber. After 6 weeks, P. graveolens plants were checked for their phytochemical content and antibacterial potential. Laser light application improved the mycorrhizal colonization in P. graveolens plants which subsequently increased biomass accumulation, minerals uptake, and biological value of P. graveolens. The increase in the biological value was evident by the increase in the essential oils production. The concomitant application of laser light and mycorrhizal colonization also boosted the antimicrobial activity of P. graveolens. These results suggest that AMF co-treatment with laser light could be used as a promising approach to enhance the metabolic content and yield of P. graveolens for industrial and pharmaceutical use.
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Khunnawutmanotham N, Chimnoi N, Nangkoed P, Hasakunpaisarn A, Wiwattanapaisarn W, Techasakul S. Facile Extraction of Three Main Indole Alkaloids from
Mitragyna speciosa
by Using Hot Water. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisachon Khunnawutmanotham
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis Chulabhorn Research Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet6, Talat Bang Khen Lak Si, Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Nitirat Chimnoi
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chulabhorn Research Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Phonchanok Nangkoed
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis Chulabhorn Research Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet6, Talat Bang Khen Lak Si, Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Anuch Hasakunpaisarn
- Office of Police Forensic Science Royal Thai PoliceHenry Dunant Road, Patumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Waraporn Wiwattanapaisarn
- Office of Police Forensic Science Royal Thai PoliceHenry Dunant Road, Patumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Supanna Techasakul
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis Chulabhorn Research Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet6, Talat Bang Khen Lak Si, Bangkok 10210 Thailand
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Chrysargyris A, Maggini R, Incrocci L, Pardossi A, Tzortzakis N. Copper Tolerance and Accumulation on Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér. Grown in Hydroponic Culture. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081663. [PMID: 34451709 PMCID: PMC8398543 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is a major health issue concerning the commercial production of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) that are used for the extraction of bioactive molecules. Copper (Cu) is an anthropogenic contaminant that, at toxic levels, can accumulate in plant tissues, affecting plant growth and development. On the other hand, plant response to metal-induced stress may involve the synthesis and accumulation of beneficial secondary metabolites. In this study, hydroponically grown Pelargonium graveolens plants were exposed to different Cu concentrations in a nutrient solution (4, 25, 50, 100 μM) to evaluate the effects Cu toxicity on plant growth, mineral uptake and distribution in plants, some stress indicators, and the accumulation of bioactive secondary metabolites in leaf tissues. P. graveolens resulted in moderately tolerant Cu toxicity. At Cu concentrations up to 100 μM, biomass production was preserved and was accompanied by an increase in phenolics and antioxidant capacity. The metal contaminant was accumulated mainly in the roots. The leaf tissues of Cu-treated P. graveolens may be safely used for the extraction of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Chrysargyris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3603, Cyprus;
| | - Rita Maggini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Luca Incrocci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (L.I.); (N.T.)
| | - Alberto Pardossi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3603, Cyprus;
- Correspondence: (L.I.); (N.T.)
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Tabatabaeichehr M, Mortazavi H. The Effectiveness of Aromatherapy in the Management of Labor Pain and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Ethiop J Health Sci 2020; 30:449-458. [PMID: 32874088 PMCID: PMC7445940 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i3.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aromatherapy as an alternative and complementary medicine is a well-known method for reducing the symptoms of various physiological processes such as labor experience. The aim of this study was to systematically review the currently available evidences evaluating the use of aromatherapy for management of labor pain and anxiety. METHODS In a systematic review, 5 databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scientific Information Database [SID]) were searched, from database inception up to December 2019. Keywords used included (aromatherapy OR ""essential oil" OR "aroma*") AND (pain OR anxiety) AND (labor OR delivery). Using the Cochrane Collaboration's 'Risk of bias' method; the risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 33 studies were verified to meet our inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies were conducted in Iran. Aromatherapy was applied using inhalation, massage, footbath, birthing pool, acupressure, and compress. The most popularly used essential oil in the studies was lavender (13 studies), either as a single essential oil or in a combination with other essential oils. Most of included studies confirmed the positive effect of aromatherapy in reducing labor pain and anxiety. CONCLUSION The evidences from this study suggest that aromatherapy, as a complementary and alternative modality, can help in relieving maternal anxiety and pain during labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbubeh Tabatabaeichehr
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamed Mortazavi
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Department of Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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The Antioxidant Polysaccharide from Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino Adjusts the Immune Response of Mice Infected by Bacteria. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2719483. [PMID: 32148535 PMCID: PMC7049844 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2719483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino is a herbal medicine and it is recorded that its water extract can be used to treat acute diseases caused by bacterial infections. In order to understand the polysaccharide of Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino (SMP), FT-IR and HPLC methods were performed to determine the basic chemical structure and monosaccharide compositions of SMP. The antioxidant capacity of SMP was analyzed by monitoring both the scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS free radical. To investigate the effects of SMP on the acute bacterial disease, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SMP on E. coli or S. aureus were detected; meanwhile, mice were administrated with SMP for 7 days and then infected with E. coli or S. aureus, and the parameters were measured at the 9th day. Results showed that SMP was a furanose which was mainly composed of glucose (60.3%) and had certain antioxidant activities. Both MIC values of SMP on E. coli and S. aureus were 250 ml/mL, which means that SMP has no direct antibacterial effects. The mice experiments revealed that SMP had potential effects on immunomodulatory by reducing WBC and the expression of serum IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α and increasing IgM of E. coli or S. aureus infected mice. These findings supported the effect of Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino in folk use with scientific evidence.
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Essential Oils and Their Natural Active Compounds Presenting Antifungal Properties. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203713. [PMID: 31619024 PMCID: PMC6832927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The current rise in invasive fungal infections due to the increase in immunosuppressive therapies is a real concern. Moreover, the emergence of resistant strains induces therapeutic failures. In light of these issues, new classes of antifungals are anticipated. Therefore, the plant kingdom represents an immense potential of natural resources to exploit for these purposes. The aim of this review is to provide information about the antifungal effect of some important essential oils, and to describe the advances made in determining the mechanism of action more precisely. Finally, the issues of toxicity and resistance of fungi to essential oils will be discussed.
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