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Jiang W, He F, Ding G, Wu J. Elamipretide reduces pyroptosis and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:2843-2856. [PMID: 37081763 PMCID: PMC10493668 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Elamipretide (EPT), a novel mitochondria-targeted peptide, has been shown to be protective in a range of diseases. However, the effect of EPT in spinal cord injury (SCI) has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate whether EPT would inhibit pyroptosis and protect against SCI. METHODS After establishing the SCI model, we determined the biochemical and morphological changes associated with pyroptosis, including neuronal cell death, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and signal pathway levels. Furthermore, mitochondrial function was assessed with flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate that EPT improved locomotor functional recovery following SCI as well as reduced neuronal loss. Moreover, EPT inhibited nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and pyroptosis occurrence and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines levels following SCI. Furthermore, EPT alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species level. CONCLUSION EPT treatment may protect against SCI via inhibition of pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Guoming Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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Zhang B, Li M, Zhou G, Gu X, Xie L, Zhao M, Xu Q, Tan G, Zhang N. ZnO-NPs alleviate aflatoxin B 1-induced hepatoxicity in ducklings by promoting hepatic metallothionein expression. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114826. [PMID: 36989561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin widely present in animal feed and human food, posing a serious threat to animal and human health. This study was aim to illustrate the mechanism of the protective role of MT against AFB1-induced hepatotoxicity, as well as to explore the feasibility of enhancing the tolerance of poultry to AFB1 by upregulating the expression of hepatic MT. After being exposed to AFB1 (50 ng/kg) primary duckling hepatocytes, the cell viability, the antioxidant index (SOD and GPx) and the mRNA levels of MT downstream genes (PTGR, p53, TrxR, AR and Bcl-2) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased, while the intracellular formation of (AFBO)-DNA adduct content, apoptosis, and MDA content significantly (p < 0.05) increased. Interestingly, overexpression of MT in primary duckling hepatocytes markedly (p < 0.05) reversed the detrimental impact of AFB1 and increased the expression of MT downstream genes. HepG2 cells were applied to study the mechanism how MT works to relieve the hepatic toxicity of AFB1. The ZnO-NPs (20 μg/mL) + AFB1 (20 μg/mL) group significantly (p < 0.05) increased the cell viability, the expression of NRF2, NQO1 and SOD, and expression of MT and MTF-1, as well as significantly (p < 0.05) decreased LDH, ROS and apoptotic rate, comparing with the AFB1 group. While joint treatment with AFB1 and ZnO-NPs, the hepatic toxicity exerted by AFB1 alone was reversed, along with the translocation of MTF-1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and upregulated its expression. Duckling trails were further carried out. A total number of 96 1-day-old healthy Cherry Valley commercial ducklings were randomly allocated according to a 2 by 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with the main factors including oral administration of AFB1 (0 vs. 40 μg/kg) and dietary supplementation of ZnO-NPs (0 vs. 60 mg/kg) for 7 days. It showed that AFB1 exposure caused body weight loss (p < 0.05), impaired liver structure and failure in hepatic function (activity of ALT, AST and concentration of TP and GLU) (p < 0.05), and decreases in antioxidant capacity(activity of SOD, CAT and concentration of GSH) (p < 0.05), along with the decrease in hepatic concentration of Zn, increase in expression of apoptosis-related genes and protein CAS3 and mRNA Bcl-2 expression (p < 0.05), and suppressed mRNA levels of antioxidant-related genes MT, SOD1, NRF2, and NQO1 (p < 0.05). In accordance with the cell test, dietary supplementation with ZnO-NPs mitigated the toxicity exerted by AFB1. In conclusion, ZnO-NPs has the protective effects against AFB1-induced hepatocyte injury by activating the expression of MTF-1 and the ectopic induction of MT expression, providing detailed information on the detoxification ability of MT on AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiyu Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meiling Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guangteng Zhou
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Longqiang Xie
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingbiao Xu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gaoming Tan
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Niya Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Chen J, Chen T, Wang Y, Meng J, Tan G, Zhao Q, Feng S, Xu L, Pei Q. Oxidative stress disrupts the cytoskeleton of spinal motor neurons. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2870. [PMID: 36579576 PMCID: PMC9927851 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common and devastating central nervous disease, the treatment of which faces many challenges to the medical community and society as a whole. Treatment measures based on oxidative stress of spinal motor neurons during SCI are expected to help restore biological functions of neurons under injury conditions. However, to date, there are no systematic reports regarding oxidative stress on spinal motor neuron injury. Our aim is to better understand and explain the influences and mechanisms of oxidative stress on spinal motor neurons during SCI. METHODS We first exposed VSC4.1 motor neurons to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and evaluated the effects on cell viability, morphology, cycling, and apoptosis, with an emphasis on the changes to the cytoskeleton and the effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) on these changes. Then, we investigated the effects of NAC on these cytoskeletal changes in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that H2 O2 caused severe damage to the normal cytoskeleton, leading to a reduction in neurite length and number, rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, and disorder of the microtubules and neurofilaments in VSC4.1. Importantly, NAC attenuated the oxidative damage of spinal motor neurons in vitro and in vivo, promoting the recovery of hindlimb motor ability in mice with SCI at the early stage of injury. CONCLUSION This study shows that oxidative stress plays an important role in the cytoskeleton destruction of spinal motor neurons in SCI, and treatment of SCI on this basis is a promising strategy. These findings will help to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in spinal motor neuron injury in SCI and provide references for further research into the study of the pathology and underlying mechanism of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,School of Graduate, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yeyang Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Meng
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangjiao Tan
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiurong Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shilong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinqin Pei
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
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4
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Wang T, Long Y, Ma L, Dong Q, Li Y, Guo J, Jin L, Di L, Zhang Y, Wang L, Hou Z. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals cellular heterogeneity from deep fascia in patients with acute compartment syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1062479. [PMID: 36741388 PMCID: PMC9889980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1062479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction High stress in the compartment surrounded by the deep fascia can cause acute compartment syndrome (ACS) that may result in necrosis of the limbs. The study aims to investigate the cellular heterogeneity of the deep fascia in ACS patients by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Methods We collected deep fascia samples from patients with ACS (high-stress group, HG, n=3) and patients receiving thigh amputation due to osteosarcoma (normal-stress group, NG, n=3). We utilized ultrasound and scanning electron microscopy to observe the morphologic change of the deep fascia, used multiplex staining and multispectral imaging to explore immune cell infiltration, and applied scRNA-seq to investigate the cellular heterogeneity of the deep fascia and to identify differentially expressed genes. Results Notably, we identified GZMK+interferon-act CD4 central memory T cells as a specific high-stress compartment subcluster expressing interferon-related genes. Additionally, the changes in the proportions of inflammation-related subclusters, such as the increased proportion of M2 macrophages and decreased proportion of M1 macrophages, may play crucial roles in the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory in the development of ACS. Furthermore, we found that heat shock protein genes were highly expressed but metal ion-related genes (S100 family and metallothionein family) were down-regulated in various subpopulations under high stress. Conclusions We identified a high stress-specific subcluster and variations in immune cells and fibroblast subclusters, as well as their differentially expressed genes, in ACS patients. Our findings reveal the functions of the deep fascia in the pathophysiology of ACS, providing new approaches for its treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yubin Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lijie Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Junfei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Luqin Di
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Zhiyong Hou, ; Ling Wang,
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Zhiyong Hou, ; Ling Wang,
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Luo H, Bao Z, Zhou M, Chen Y, Huang Z. Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates spinal cord injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammation via activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway. Neuroreport 2022; 33:451-462. [PMID: 35775321 PMCID: PMC9354723 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The secondary injury plays a vital role in the development of spinal cord injury (SCI), which is characterized by the occurrence of oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammatory response. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) has been involved in the modulation of antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response. However, its roles in SCI-induced injury are still unknown. We explored the therapeutic effect of NGR1 and its underlying mechanism after SCI by using behavioral, biochemical, and immunohistochemical techniques. The administration of NGR1 after SCI enhanced the neurological function, and mitigated tissue damage and motor neuron loss than those in SCI + vehicle group. Meanwhile, significantly increased expression of Nrf2 protein and HO-1 protein was found in the SCI + NGR1 group compared with those in the SCI + vehicle group. In addition, the inhibitory effects of oxidative stress, apoptotic neuron ratio, and neuronal inflammation in the SCI + NGR1 group can be partially reversed when the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway was inhibited by ML385. Our results indicate that the administration of NGR1 can attenuate oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammation by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway after SCI, thereby improving neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhaoxi Huang
- Orthopedics, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
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Maltol Promotes Mitophagy and Inhibits Oxidative Stress via the Nrf2/PINK1/Parkin Pathway after Spinal Cord Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1337630. [PMID: 35154562 PMCID: PMC8826207 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1337630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI), a fatal disease in the central nervous system, is characteristic of weak neuronal regeneration ability and complex pathological progress. Activation of oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis-mediated cell death significantly contributes to the progression of SCI. Current evidence suggests that maltol exerts natural antioxidative properties via obstructing OS and apoptosis. However, the significant effect of maltol on SCI treatment has never been evaluated yet. In our current study, we explored maltol administration that could trigger the expression of Nrf2 and promote the retranslocation of Nrf2 from the cytosol to the nucleus, which can subsequently obstruct OS signal and apoptosis-mediated neuronal cell death after SCI. Furthermore, we found that maltol treatment enhances PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in PC12 cells, facilitating the recovery of mitochondrial functions. Our findings propose that maltol could be a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment and management of SCI.
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Mohamad Najib NH, Yahaya MF, Das S, Teoh SL. The effects of metallothionein in paraquat-induced Parkinson disease model of zebrafish. Int J Neurosci 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34623211 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1990916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease caused by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Metallothionein has been shown to act as a neuroprotectant in various brain injury. Thus, this study aims to identify the effects of full-length human metallothionein 2 peptide (hMT2) in paraquat-induced brain injury in the zebrafish. METHODOLOGY A total of 80 adult zebrafish were divided into 4 groups namely control, paraquat-treated, pre-hMT2-treated, and post-hMT2-treated groups. Fish were treated with paraquat intraperitoneally every 3 days for 15 days. hMT2 were injected intracranially on day 0 (pre-treated group) and day 16 (post-treated group). Fish were sacrificed on day 22 and the brains were collected for qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry analysis. RESULTS qPCR analysis showed that paraquat treatment down-regulated the expression of genes related to dopamine activity and biosynthesis (dat and th1) and neuroprotective agent (bdnf). Paraquat treatment also up-regulated the expression of the mt2, smtb and proinflammatory genes (il-1α, il-1β, tnf-α and cox-2). hMT2 treatment was able to reverse the effects of paraquat. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the paraquat and pre-hMT2-treated groups. However, lipid peroxidation increased in the post-hMT2-treated group. Paraquat treatment also led to a reduction of dopaminergic neurons while their numbers showed an increase following hMT2 treatment. CONCLUSION Paraquat has been identified as one of the pesticides that can cause the death of dopaminergic neurons and affect dopamine biosynthesis. Treatment with exogenous hMT2 could reverse the effects of paraquat in the zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Haliza Mohamad Najib
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mata-Bermudez A, Ríos C, Burelo M, Pérez-González C, García-Martínez BA, Jardon-Guadarrama G, Calderón-Estrella F, Manning-Balpuesta N, Diaz-Ruiz A. Amantadine prevented hypersensitivity and decreased oxidative stress by NMDA receptor antagonism after spinal cord injury in rats. Eur J Pain 2021; 25:1839-1851. [PMID: 33982314 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NP) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling condition, without an effective treatment. Hyperexcitability of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and oxidative stress have been reported to be associated with pain development. Amantadine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has been proposed as a potential therapy for NP. However, its use has not been tested for NP after SCI. METHODS To produce SCI, 120 female Wistar rats were used, a contusion injury to the T10 and T12 thoracic vertebrae was performed from heights of 6.25 mm and 12.5 mm. Nociceptive behaviour, was evaluated with the use of von Frey filaments for 31 days. The final products of lipid peroxidation (LP) and concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the injured tissue were quantified by fluorescence spectrophotometry. The antinociceptive effect of the acute (15 days after the injury) and chronic (once daily for three days immediately after the injury) with amantadine (6.25-50 mg/Kg. I.p.) was determined. Finally, the LP and GSH were quantified in the injured tissue. RESULTS Acute treatment with amantadine reduced nociceptive behaviour. Concomitantly, LP was decreased by Amantadine treatment while GSH increased in the injured tissue. Similar effects were observed with chronic treatment with amantadine. CONCLUSIONS Data from this study suggested that the antinociceptive effects of amantadine treatment are modulated through oxidative stress and excitotoxicity reduction associated with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors activation. SIGNIFICANCE This study suggests that acute treatment with amantadine decreases hypersensitivity threshold and frequency of hypersensitivity response in a dose-dependent manner, in rats with SCI, by decreasing oxidative stress. Since amantadine is an easily accessible drug and has fewer adverse effects than current treatments for hypersensitivity threshold and frequency of hypersensitivity response, amantadine could represent a safe and effective therapy for the treatment of neuropathic pain. However, further research is required to provide evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Mata-Bermudez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Ciudad de México, México.,Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Masha Burelo
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cuauhtémoc Pérez-González
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química Orgánica, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Gustavo Jardon-Guadarrama
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Norman Manning-Balpuesta
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Araceli Diaz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Ciudad de México, México
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Metallothioneins in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Importance in Pathogenesis and Potential Therapy Target. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 2021:6665697. [PMID: 33987146 PMCID: PMC8093040 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6665697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunological disorders, increased oxidative stress, and damage to the epithelial barrier play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), it is increasingly common to use biological drugs that selectively affect individual components of the inflammatory cascade. However, administering the medicines currently available does not always result in obtaining and maintaining remission, and it may also lead to the development of resistance to a given agent over time. Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to the group of low molecular weight proteins, which, among others, regulate the inflammation and homeostasis of heavy metals as well as participating in the regulation of the intensity of oxidative stress. The results of the studies conducted so far do not clearly indicate the role of MTs in the process of inflammation in patients with IBD. However, there are reports that suggest the possibility of using MTs as a potential target in the treatment of this group of patients.
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Yu HT, Zhen J, Leng JY, Cai L, Ji HL, Keller BB. Zinc as a countermeasure for cadmium toxicity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:340-346. [PMID: 32284539 PMCID: PMC8027184 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an important environmental pollutant and long-term Cd exposure is closely related to autoimmune diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and hepatic dysfunction. Zinc (Zn) is an essential metal that plays key roles in protein structure, catalysis, and regulation of their function. Numerous studies have shown that Zn can reduce Cd toxicity; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been extensively explored. Preclinical studies have revealed direct competition for sarcolemmal uptake between these two metals. Multiple sarcolemmal transporters participate in Cd uptake, including Zn transporters, calcium channels, and DMT1 (divalent metal transporter 1). Zn also induces several protective mechanisms, including MT (metallothionein) induction and favorable redox homeostasis. This review summarizes current knowledge related to the role of Zn and metal transporters in reducing Cd toxicity and discusses potential future directions of related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Yu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Juan Zhen
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Ji-Yan Leng
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Hong-Lei Ji
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Cincinnati Children's Heart Institute, Greater Louisville and Western Kentucky Practice, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Zhang LJ, Chen Y, Wang LX, Zhuang XQ, Xia HC. Identification of potential oxidative stress biomarkers for spinal cord injury in erythrocytes using mass spectrometry. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1294-1301. [PMID: 33318408 PMCID: PMC8284302 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.301487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a hallmark of secondary injury associated with spinal cord injury. Identifying stable and specific oxidative biomarkers is of important significance for studying spinal cord injury-associated secondary injury. Mature erythrocytes do not contain nuclei and mitochondria and cannot be transcribed and translated. Therefore, mature erythrocytes are highly sensitive to oxidative stress and may become a valuable biomarker. In the present study, we revealed the proteome dynamics of protein expression in erythrocytes of beagle dogs in the acute and subacute phases of spinal cord injury using mass spectrometry-based approaches. We found 26 proteins that were differentially expressed in the acute (0-3 days) and subacute (7-21 days) phases of spinal cord injury. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were involved in glutathione metabolism, lipid metabolism, and pentose phosphate and other oxidative stress pathways. Western blot assays validated the differential expression of glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase. This result was consistent with mass spectrometry results, suggesting that erythrocytes can be used as a novel sample source of biological markers of oxidative stress in spinal cord injury. Glutathione synthetase, transaldolase, and myeloperoxidase sourced from erythrocytes are potential biomarkers of oxidative stress after spinal cord injury. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Centre of Ningxia Medical University, China (approval No. 2017-073) on February 13, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jian Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University; Department of Neurosurgery; Ningxia Human Stem Cell Research Institute, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University; Department of Neurosurgery; Ningxia Human Stem Cell Research Institute, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lu-Xuan Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - He-Chun Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery; Ningxia Human Stem Cell Research Institute, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Zinc promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 defense pathway and inhibiting inflammation of NLRP3 in nerve cells. Life Sci 2020; 245:117351. [PMID: 31981629 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study the specific therapeutic effect of zinc on spinal cord injury (SCI) and its specific protective mechanism. MAIN METHODS The effects of zinc ions on neuronal cells were examined in a mouse SCI model and in vitro. In vivo, neurological function was assessed by Basso Mouse Scaleat (BMS) at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days after spinal cord injury. The number of neurons and histomorphology were observed by nissl staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE). The chromatin and mitochondrial structure of neurons were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)-related antioxidant protein and NLRP3 inflammation-related protein were detected in vivo and in vitro by western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF), respectively. KEY FINDINGS Zinc treatment promoted motor function recovery on days 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after SCI. In addition, zinc reduces the mitochondrial void rate in spinal neuronal cells and promotes neuronal recovery. At the same time, zinc reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde in spinal cord tissue after SCI, while increasing superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione peroxidase production. Zinc treatment resulted in up-regulation of Nrf2/Ho-1 levels and down-regulation of nlrp3 inflammation-associated protein expression in vitro and in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE Zinc has a protective effect on spinal cord injury by inhibiting oxidative damage and nlrp3 inflammation. Potential mechanisms may include activation of the Nrf 2/Ho-1 pathway to inhibit nlrp3 inflammation following spinal cord injury. Zinc has the potential to treat SCI.
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Ameliorative effects of echinacoside against spinal cord injury via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. Life Sci 2019; 237:116978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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