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Zhang L, Yin L, Wu J, Wang X, Huang J, Li Q. Clinical influencing factors of vital pulp therapy on pulpitis permanent teeth with 2 calcium silicate-based materials: A randomized clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38015. [PMID: 38701294 PMCID: PMC11062667 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with traditional root canal therapy (RCT), vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a personalized and minimally invasive method for the treatment of pulpitis caused by dental caries. However, there are still no clear guidelines for VPT because high-quality randomized clinical trials are scarce. This prospective cohort study evaluated the clinical efficacy of VPT with the light-curable calcium silicate-based material TheraCal LC (TH) and bioceramic material iRoot BP Plus (BP) in reversible and irreversible pulpitis permanent teeth with carious exposures. METHODS 115 teeth with reversible or irreversible pulpitis caused by deep care were randomly divided into 2 groups. TheraCal LC and iRoot BP Plus were used for the pulp capping. Direct pulp capping (DPC), partial pulpotomy (PP) and full pulpotomy (FP) were performed based on observation of the exposed pulp. Postoperative discomforts were enquired and recorded via follow-up phone calls. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS The overall clinical success rate in the first year was 90.4% (47/52) in both groups. The TH group required less operating time, showed lower levels of pain, and had shorter pain duration post-operative (P < .001). According to the binary logistic regression model, preoperative pain duration was significantly correlated with the prognosis of VPT (P = .011). CONCLUSION VPT with TheraCal LC and iRoot BP Plus in pulpitis permanent carious teeth both achieved good clinical outcomes, and TheraCal LC can be easily operated for clinical use. Preoperative pain duration of the affected tooth might have a significant correlation with the prognosis of VPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Yin
- Institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quanli Li
- Institute of Oral Science, Department of Stomatology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Tez BÇ, Eliaçık BBK, Taşlı PN, Yılmaz H, Şahin F. Biocompatibility and Cytotoxicity of Pulp-Capping Materials on DPSCs, With Marker mRNA Expressions. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00113-8. [PMID: 38692961 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to (1) investigate biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of pulp-capping materials on viability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs); (2) determine angiogenic, odontogenic, and osteogenic marker mRNA expressions; and (3) observe changes in surface morphology of the hDPSCs using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). METHODS Impacted third molars were used to isolate the hDPSCs, which were treated with extract-release fluids of the pulp-capping materials (Harvard BioCal-Cap, NeoPUTTY MTA, TheraCal LC, and Dycal). Effects of the capping materials on cell viability were assessed using 3-(4,5-di-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxy-methoxy-phenyl)-2-(4-sulfo-phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and the apoptotic/necrotic cell ratios and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels from flow cytometry. Marker expressions (alkaline phosphatase [ALP], osteocalcin [OCN], collagen type I alpha 1 [Col1A], secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine [SPARC], osteonectin [ON], and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Changes in surface morphology of the hDPSCs were visualised by SEM. RESULTS The MTS assay results at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 indicated that Harvard BioCal-Cap, NeoPUTTY MTA, and TheraCal LC did not adversely affect cell viability when compared with the control group. According to the MTS assay results at day 14, no significant difference was found amongst Dycal, Harvard BioCal-Cap, NeoPUTTY MTA, and TheraCal LC affecting cell viability. Dycal was the only capping material that increased ROS level. High levels of VEGF expression were observed with Harvard BioCal-Cap, TheraCal LC, and NeoPUTTY MTA. NeoPUTTY MTA, and Dycal upregulated OCN expression, whereas TheraCal LC upregulated Col1A and SPARC expression. Only Dycal increased ALP expression. HDSCs were visualized in characteristic spindle morphology on SEM when treated with TheraCal LC and Harvard BioCal-Cap. CONCLUSIONS NeoPUTTY MTA and Harvard BioCal-Cap showed suitable biocompatibility values; in particular, these pulp-capping materials were observed to support the angiogenic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Çiçek Tez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | | - Pakize Neslihan Taşlı
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hazal Yılmaz
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Mahapatra J, Nikhade PP, Patel A, Mankar N, Taori P. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of TheraCal LC, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, and Biodentine As Direct Pulp Capping Materials in Patients With Pulpal Exposure in Posterior Teeth: A Triple-Blinded Randomized Parallel Group Clinical Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e55022. [PMID: 38558621 PMCID: PMC10979320 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The aim was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of TheraCal LC, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and Biodentine as direct pulp capping (DPC) materials in patients with pulpal exposure in the posterior teeth. Methodology A total of 54 samples were assessed for eligibility. Out of this, 12 teeth samples failed to meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, 42 teeth samples were selected which were randomly distributed into three groups (n = 14). Groups A, B, and C received the intervention of MTA, Biodentine, and TheraCal LC, respectively. The assessment was performed clinically to check for postoperative pain, tenderness, and neural sensibility, and the radiographs were used to check the presence of periodontal ligament (PDL) space widening, calcified barrier, and periapical radiolucency at the follow-up of 21 days, three months, and 12 months. The outcomes depended on the clinical and radiographic success rates recorded at 12 months of recall. Results Overall successful outcome of DPC clinically at different periods was 97.61% at three months and 88.09% at 12 months. A Chi-square test was used which showed that the difference was statistically nonsignificant. For groups A, B, and C, the success rate at follow-up came out to be 85.71%, 100%, and 78.57% at 12 months, respectively. The overall radiographic success rate of DPC at different time periods was 83.33% at three months and 88.09% at 12 months. A Chi-square test was used which showed that the difference was statistically nonsignificant. For groups A, B, and C, the success rate at follow-up came out to be 85.71%, 100%, and 78.57% at 12 months, respectively. Conclusion Resin-based calcium-silicate agent (TheraCal LC) showed good efficacy and can be used in practice with the predictability of a good success rate both clinically and radiographically. Thus, TheraCal LC can be utilized as an alternative to MTA or Biodentine in clinical practice, with the predictability of similar successful outcomes in patients with pulpal exposure in the posterior teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyeeta Mahapatra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pradnya P Nikhade
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Aditya Patel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nikhil Mankar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Prachi Taori
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Celiksoz O, Irmak O. Delayed vs. immediate placement of restorative materials over Biodentine and RetroMTA: a micro-shear bond strength study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:130. [PMID: 38273289 PMCID: PMC10811922 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03917-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) of various restorative materials applied on two different fast-setting calcium silicate-based materials and to evaluate the effect of restoration time on µSBS. METHODS A total of 180 acrylic blocks with a cavity in the center were randomly divided into 2 main groups according to the capping material to be used (Biodentine or RetroMTA). The specimens were also randomly divided into 3 groups according to the restoration time (3 min, 12 min, 24 h). After the specified waiting periods, glass hybrid material (EQUIA Forte HT), resin composite (Filtek Z550) and light-cured calcium silicate material (Theracal LC) were placed on the specimens with tygon tubes. The specimens were kept for 24 h and then subjected to µSBS test. Statistical analysis was performed by 3-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test for pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05). RESULTS There is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the µSBS values obtained by applying resin composite on RetroMTA after different setting times (24 h > 12 min > 3 min). The µSBS obtained for the Biodentine-resin composite at the end of the 3 min setting time is significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the µSBS values at 12 min and 24 h. For both calcium silicate cements, at the end of all time periods, the µSBS obtained when resin composite was applied at the end was higher than the other materials (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS For Biodentine-resin composite bonding, the manufacturer's recommendation of 12 min can be considered an appropriate time, whereas for RetroMTA-resin composite bonding, the µSBS increased as the waiting time increased. Regardless of the waiting time, it is recommended to prefer direct composite resin restoration over Biodentine and RetroMTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Celiksoz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Ozgur Irmak
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University, Guzelyurt, Cyprus
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Semprum-Clavier A, Rodriguez A, Salazar D, Afshari F, Manzotti A, Saleh-Hassan L, Viana M, Bedran-Russo A. Clinical Comparison of Three Indirect Pulp Capping Restorative Protocols: A Randomized Controlled Prospective Study. Oper Dent 2024; 49:11-19. [PMID: 38180467 DOI: 10.2341/22-094-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this prospective double-blind clinical trial was to compare clinical outcomes of indirect pulp capping restorative protocols on permanent teeth over a 12-month period. METHODS AND MATERIALS Deep carious lesions in permanent teeth (90) were randomly assigned to three indirect pulp capping protocols (n=30: TheraCal LC, Dycal, and no liner). All teeth were restored with resin composite. The outcome measures were pain (VAS scale) and success rate (pulp vitality based on percussion, palpation, cold test, and radiographic findings), collected at screening, intervention, and 24-hour, 7-day, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up visits. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in tooth sensitivity among the three indirect pulp capping protocols nor in success rates among the restorative protocols after 1 year of follow-up (p>0.1).The respective success rates, as defined by the tooth remaining vital, after 1 year were: 96.2% for TheraCal LC, 100% for Dycal, and 100% for no liner. CONCLUSIONS After 12-month evaluation, the success rate of indirect pulp capping therapy on permanent teeth was not affected by the pulp capping restorative protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Semprum-Clavier
- *Adriana Semprum-Clavier, DDS, MS, clinical associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1396-7520
| | - A Rodriguez
- Alexandra Rodriguez, DDS, MS, clinical associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D Salazar
- Daisy Salazar, DDS, MS, clinical associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - F Afshari
- Fatemeh Afshari, DDS, MS, clinical professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Manzotti
- Anna Manzotti, DDS, MS, clinical assistant professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L Saleh-Hassan
- Lina Saleh-Hassan, DDS, MS, clinical assistant professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Viana
- Marlos Viana, DDS, MS, adjunct associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Bedran-Russo
- Ana K Bedran-Russo, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Moradi Z, Abbasi M, Bahador A, Yekaninejad MS, Khanghah XM, Hoseini AP, Ranjbar Omrani L. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of different pulp capping liners. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2287019. [PMID: 38204476 PMCID: PMC10763819 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2287019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compares the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of five pulp capping liners. This in vitro study was conducted on Fuji II LC glass ionomer, Dycal, Calcimol LC, TheraCal LC, and ACTIVA BioACTIVE. For cytotoxicity, the (MTT) methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was performed on 3 samples from each group of human dental pulp cells (HDPSCs) after 24 h of incubation. The direct contact test (DCT) for antibacterial activity, 6 samples (3 for each material, and 3 for negative control), from each liner were made to evaluate Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus casei (L. casei), and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (alpha = 0.05). Data analysis showed that the cytotoxicity of the materials was significantly different (p < 0.001). Fuji II LC and ACTIVA BioACTIVE showed strong cytotoxicity, TheraCal LC moderate cytotoxicity, and Dycal and Calcimol LC slight cytotoxicity. The analysis also revealed a significant difference among the materials regarding antibacterial activity (p < 0.001). Tukey's test showed that the mean percentage of reduction in colony count was significant for all liners compared with the positive control (p < 0.001). The mean percentage of reduction in colony count for Dycal was significantly greater than that of Fuji II LC (p = 0.014), Calcimol LC (p = 0.003), and TheraCal LC (p = 0.001). ACTIVA BioACTIVE did not significantly differ from the other materials as regards antibacterial activity. Dycal showed significantly higher antibacterial activity than the other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Moradi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Institue, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abbasi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Institue, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Xaniar Mohammadi Khanghah
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirahmad Pahlavan Hoseini
- Department of Prosthodontics, Islamic Azad University Dental Branch of Medical sciences, Dental School, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Ranjbar Omrani
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Institue, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Taghvaei N, Ghavami-Lahiji M, Evazalipour M, Tayefeh Davalloo R, Zamani E. Ion release, biocompatibility, and bioactivity of resin-modified calcium hydroxide cavity liners. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:1034. [PMID: 38129851 PMCID: PMC10740215 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placement of liners near the pulp area is essential for therapeutic effects and maintaining pulp health while stimulating the formation of tertiary dentin. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the calcium release, pH, biocompatibility, solubility, and bioactivity of three resin-modified calcium hydroxide cavity liners. METHODS The disc specimens of each cavity liner were prepared using polyethylene molds of 7 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height (n = 10). Three light-cure liners evaluated include Ultra-Blend Plus (UB), Base-it (BI), and Master Dent (MD). The samples were then immersed in flasks containing 10 mL of distilled water. Calcium ion release, pH, and solubility were evaluated in two weeks of incubation. The cytotoxicity of extracts adjacent to the specimens was evaluated by MTT assay using NIH/3T3 cells after 1, 3, and 7 days of incubation. The ability to induce the nucleation of calcium phosphates (CaPs) after 28-day immersion in a simulated body fluid was investigated by SEM-EDX analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and repeated measures tests at the significant level of 0.05. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the release of calcium ions among the three liners investigated on days 1, 7, and 14 (p < 0.05). UB liners exhibited a significantly higher amount of calcium release than the other two liners, followed by BI, and MD. On day 1, there was no significant difference in the average pH among the three liners. However, after day 7, the MD liner showed a significant decrease in pH compared to the other two liners. BI liner demonstrated the highest level of biocompatibility, followed by the MD and UB liners. UB showed a high calcium release, solubility with no alkalizing activity, and the formation of more mature Ca-rich apatite deposits than the other two liners. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, the cavity liner material's performance is material dependent. It can impact ion release, biocompatibility, and bioactivity which are important factors to consider in clinical practice. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of different liner materials on oral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Taghvaei
- Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrsima Ghavami-Lahiji
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Evazalipour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Tayefeh Davalloo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ehsan Zamani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Islam R, Islam MRR, Tanaka T, Alam MK, Ahmed HMA, Sano H. Direct pulp capping procedures - Evidence and practice. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2023; 59:48-61. [PMID: 36880059 PMCID: PMC9985044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of direct pulp capping (DPC) is to promote pulp healing and mineralized tissue barrier formation by placing a dental biomaterial directly over the exposed pulp. Successful application of this approach avoids the need for further and more extensive treatment. In order to ensure a complete pulp healing with the placement of restorative materials, a mineralized tissue barrier must form to protect the pulp from microbial invasion. The formation of mineralized tissue barrier can only be induced when there is a significant reduction in pulp inflammation and infection. Consequently, promoting the healing of pulp inflammation may provide a favorable therapeutic opportunity to maintain the sustainability of DPC treatment. Mineralized tissue formation was observed as the favorable reaction of exposed pulp tissue against a variety of dental biomaterials utilized for DPC. This observation reveals an intrinsic capacity of pulp tissue for healing. Therefore, this review focuses on the DPC and its healing procedure as well as the materials used for DPC treatment and their mechanisms of action to promote pulpal healing. In addition, the factors that can affect the healing process of DPC, clinical considerations and future perspective has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Md Refat Readul Islam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, 72345 Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hidehiko Sano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
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Song X, Segura-Egea JJ, Díaz-Cuenca A. Sol-Gel Technologies to Obtain Advanced Bioceramics for Dental Therapeutics. Molecules 2023; 28:6967. [PMID: 37836810 PMCID: PMC10574775 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to review the application of bioceramic materials in the context of current regenerative dentistry therapies, focusing on the latest advances in the synthesis of advanced materials using the sol-gel methodology. Chemical synthesis, processing and therapeutic possibilities are discussed in a structured way, according to the three main types of ceramic materials used in regenerative dentistry: bioactive glasses and glass ceramics, calcium phosphates and calcium silicates. The morphology and chemical composition of these bioceramics play a crucial role in their biological properties and effectiveness in dental therapeutics. The goal is to understand their chemical, surface, mechanical and biological properties better and develop strategies to control their pore structure, shape, size and compositions. Over the past decades, bioceramic materials have provided excellent results in a wide variety of clinical applications related to hard tissue repair and regeneration. Characteristics, such as their similarity to the chemical composition of the mineral phase of bones and teeth, as well as the possibilities offered by the advances in nanotechnology, are driving the development of new biomimetic materials that are required in regenerative dentistry. The sol-gel technique is a method for producing synthetic bioceramics with high purity and homogeneity at the molecular scale and to control the surfaces, interfaces and porosity at the nanometric scale. The intrinsic nanoporosity of materials produced by the sol-gel technique correlates with the high specific surface area, reactivity and bioactivity of advanced bioceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Song
- Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS), Joint CSIC-University of Seville Center, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Juan J. Segura-Egea
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain;
| | - Aránzazu Díaz-Cuenca
- Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS), Joint CSIC-University of Seville Center, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;
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Alzahrani AY, Al Tuwirqi AA, Bamashmous NO, Bakhsh TA, El Ashiry EA. Non-Destructive In Vitro Evaluation of an Internal Adaptation of Recent Pulp-Capping Materials in Permanent Teeth Using OCT and Micro-CT. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1318. [PMID: 37628317 PMCID: PMC10453480 DOI: 10.3390/children10081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess and compare the internal adaptation of various pulp-capping materials, namely TheraCal, Biodentine, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), on the dentin of permanent teeth through the utilization of micro-computed tomography (MCT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Thirty permanent molars were divided into three groups using a random process: group A (TheraCal), group B (Biodentine), and group C (MTA, which served as the control group). On the buccal surface of each tooth, a class V cavity of a standardized cylindrical shape was prepared. Subsequently, the respective pulp-capping material was applied to the cavity based on the assigned group, followed by restoration with composite resin. Based on the MCT results, it was observed that group A had a considerably larger gap volume in comparison to groups B and C (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in gap volume between groups B and C. Regarding the OCT findings, group A displayed a substantially higher level of light reflection than groups B and C (p < 0.001). Group C exhibited a significantly lower level of light reflection in comparison to group B (p < 0.001). Biodentine and MTA revealed similar outcomes in terms of how well they adhered to the dentinal surface in permanent teeth. Both materials exhibited superior performance in comparison to TheraCal. The utilization of OCT in clinical practice could be advantageous as it enables dentists to monitor and evaluate restorations during post-treatment follow-up. It is imperative to intensify efforts aimed at making OCT equipment more accessible and applicable, overcoming its current limitations, and allowing for its widespread utilization in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Y. Alzahrani
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
| | - Amani A. Al Tuwirqi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
| | - Nada O. Bamashmous
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
| | - Turki A. Bakhsh
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eman A. El Ashiry
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (N.O.B.); (E.A.E.A.)
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11
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Kim M, Lee SH, Shin DH. In Vitro Study of the Biological and Physical Properties of Dual-Cure Resin-Modified Calcium Silicate-Based Cement. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11050120. [PMID: 37232772 DOI: 10.3390/dj11050120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to compare the biological and mechanical properties of a novel dual-cure, resin-modified calcium silicate material, Theracal PT® (TP), with those of Theracal LC® (TL) and BiodentineTM (BD). METHODS The cell counting kit-8 was used on human dental pulp cells to test cell the viability of the three materials. Antibacterial activity of TP, TL, and BD against Enterococcus faecalis was investigated under anaerobic conditions. The ability of the materials to support odontogenic differentiation was studied by examining the relative gene expression of osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and Collagen I (ColI) using real-time polymerase chain reaction. For mechanical property tests, microhardness was evaluated using the Vickers microhardness (VHN) test, and the bond strength to the resin was evaluated using a shear bond test machine. RESULTS There was no significant difference in cell viability between TL and TP after 48 h, and BD showed the highest cell viability, while TP showed the highest antibacterial effect. At the 12-h time point, there was no significant difference in ColI and OCN expression between BD and TP, but TP showed a higher expression of OPN than BD. However, at the 48-h time point, ColI and OCN showed higher levels of expression for BD than for TP and TL. At the same time point, only OPN had a higher diffusion for TP than for BD. TP demonstrated a VHN of approximately 30-35. This value was higher than that of TL and lower than that of BD. In contrast to VHN, the shear bond strength to resin was significantly higher for TL and TP than for BD. CONCLUSION TP showed lower biocompatibility than BD but higher OPN expression and antibacterial effects than BD and TL. TP showed higher shear bond strength than BD and higher VHN than TL and BD at the 24-h time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Dong X, Xu X. Bioceramics in Endodontics: Updates and Future Perspectives. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030354. [PMID: 36978746 PMCID: PMC10045528 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioceramics, with excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility, have been widely used in dentistry, particularly in endodontics. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is the most widely used bioceramic in endodontics. Recently, many new bioceramics have been developed, showing good potential for the treatment of endodontic diseases. This paper reviews the characteristics of bioceramics and their applications in various clinical endodontic situations, including root-end filling, root canal therapy, vital pulp therapy, apexification/regenerative endodontic treatment, perforation repair, and root defect repair. Relevant literature published from 1993 to 2023 was searched by keywords in PubMed and Web of Science. Current evidence supports the predictable outcome of MTA in the treatment of endodontic diseases. Although novel bioceramics such as Biodentine, EndoSequence, and calcium-enriched mixtures have shown promising clinical outcomes, more well-controlled clinical trials are still needed to provide high-level evidence for their application in endodontics. In addition, to better tackle the clinical challenges in endodontics, efforts are needed to improve the bioactivity of bioceramics, particularly to enhance their antimicrobial activity and mechanical properties and reduce their setting time and solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-028-85503494
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13
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Kato G, Gomes PS, Neppelenbroek KH, Rodrigues C, Fernandes MH, Grenho L. Fast-Setting Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Cements-Integrated Antibacterial, Irritation and Cytocompatibility Assessment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:450. [PMID: 36614788 PMCID: PMC9822223 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) are endodontic materials widely used in vital pulp-capping approaches. Concerning the clinical application, the reduced set time and pre-mixed formulations are relevant characteristics during the operative management of pulpal exposure, aiming to optimise the work time and improve cross-infection/asepsis control. Additionally, clinical success seems to be greatly dependent on the biological performance of the materials that directly contact the living pulp. As such, this work approaches an integrative biological characterisation (i.e., antibacterial, irritation, and cytocompatibility assays) of three fast-setting CSCs-BiodentineTM, TotalFill® BC RRM™ Fast Putty, and Theracal LC®. These cements, after setting for 24 h, presented the expected topography and elemental composition (assessed by scanning electron microscopy, coupled with EDS analysis), in accordance with the information of the manufacturer. The set cements displayed a significant and similar antibiofilm activity against S. mutans, in a direct contact assay. Twenty-four-hour eluates were not irritant in the standardised CAM assay, but elicited distinct dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity profiles on fibroblastic cells-i.e., Biodentine was devoid of toxicity, TotalFill presented a slight dose-dependent initial toxicity that was easily overcome, and Theracal LC was deleterious at high concentrations. When compared to long-setting ProRoot MTA cement, which highlighted the pursued integrative approach, Biodentine presented a similar profile, but TotalFill and Theracal LC displayed a poorer performance regarding antibiofilm activity/cytocompatibility features, and Theracal LC suggested eventual safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Kato
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/Requimte, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Sousa Gomes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/Requimte, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek
- Department of Periodontics and Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Rodrigues
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/Requimte, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Liliana Grenho
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/Requimte, University of Porto, 4100-007 Porto, Portugal
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LIGHT-CURED CALCIUM SILICATE BASED-CEMENTS AS PULP THERAPEUTIC AGENTS: A META-ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL STUDIES. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2022; 22:101776. [PMID: 36494107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the clinical performance of light-cured calcium silicate-based cement for direct or indirect pulp capping. The research question was as follows: in teeth with deep caries lesions, does the use of resin-modified calcium silicate-containing composites improve the radiological success and prevent irreversible pulpitis and pulpal necrosis compared with other pulp-capping agents? MATERIALS AND METHODS The following databases were screened until September 2021: PubMed, Web of Science, Scielo, Scopus, Embase, and The Cochrane Library. Randomized clinical trials reporting the clinical evaluation of a resin-modified calcium silicate material as an agent for pulp therapy were included. Meta-analysis was performed using the Rev Manager v5.4.1 software. The risk difference and 95% confidence interval of the dichotomous outcome (restoration failure or success) were calculated for comparison. RESULTS Ten studies were considered for qualitative analysis and meta-analysis. Studies evaluating the performance of light-cured calcium silicate-based cement from 1 month to a maximum follow-up period of 36 months and comparing it with the performance of CaOH, mineral trioxide aggregate, or Biodentine were included. In the global analysis for direct pulp capping at 6-month follow-up, no statistical differences were observed between the experimental group using the light-cured calcium silicate-based cement and control group (P = .28). However, at 12-month follow-up, global analysis favored the control group (P < .001). For indirect pulp capping, at 6- and 24-month follow-ups, no statistically significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups (P = .88; P = .21). CONCLUSIONS Light-cured calcium silicate-based cement showed a limited clinical performance as a direct pulp capping agent, especially when evaluated in the long term. However, using it as an indirect pulp capping agent may be a reliable and easy-to-use option for restoring teeth with deep caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This systematic review provides evidence that supports the use of light-cured calcium silicate-based cement as an indirect pulp capping agent.
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15
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Kot K, Kucharski Ł, Marek E, Safranow K, Lipski M. Alkalizing Properties of Six Calcium-Silicate Endodontic Biomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6482. [PMID: 36143794 PMCID: PMC9503290 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium silicate-based cements (CSC), are self-setting hydraulic biomaterials widely used for reparative procedures in dentistry and endodontics. These materials possess physical properties, such as ion release, porosity, solubility, and radiopacity. Their biological properties are connected to their alkalizing activity and calcium release capacity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six calcium silicate-based materials were selected for this study: TheraCal LC (Bisco Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA), MTA Plus (PrevestDenpro, Jammu, India Avalon Biomed Inc., Bradenton, FL, USA), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France), RetroMTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea), MTA Flow (Ultradent Products, Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA), and OrthoMTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea). The pH was analyzed immediately after immersion (baseline) and after 1 h, 3 h, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 1 year with a pH meter, previously calibrated with solutions of known pH. All testing materials had alkaline pH. RESULTS Analysis of the tested materials showed statistically significant differences in terms of pH changes as a function of the time showed a gradual rise in the pH of all materials. CONCLUSIONS All tested materials exhibited continuous hydroxyl ion release resulting in a rise in pH until the end of time of experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kot
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kucharski
- Department of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Marek
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Lipski
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Mahapatra J, Nikhade P, Patel A, Taori P, Relan K. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Light-Cured Calcium Hydroxide and a Fourth-Generation Calcium Silicate Cement (TheraCal LC) as Indirect Pulp Capping Materials in Patients With Deep Carious Lesions: A Randomized Parallel-Group Clinical Trial. Cureus 2022; 14:e28882. [PMID: 36225416 PMCID: PMC9541392 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The current study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of light-cured calcium hydroxide and a fourth-generation calcium silicate cement (TheraCal LC®) as indirect pulp capping (IPC) materials in patients with deep carious lesions. Materials and methods A total of 28 patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=14). Group A was managed by light-cured calcium hydroxide, while group B was treated with TheraCal LC (a fourth-generation calcium silicate cement). Clinical examination was conducted to check for postoperative pain, tenderness, and neural sensibility, and radiographical examination was conducted to check for periodontal ligament space widening, presence of calcific barrier, and periapical radiolucency at patient recall of 21 days, three months, and six months. Primary and secondary outcome variables were based on clinical and radiographical success rates noted at six months’ follow-up. Results Success rate for light-cured calcium hydroxide group at follow-up came out to be 0% at 21 days, 85.71% at three months, and 92.85% at six months. The success rate for TheraCal LC group came out to be 0% at 21 days, 92.85% at three months, and 100% at six months. The overall success rate for IPC procedure was 89.28% at three months’ follow-up and 96.42% at six months’ follow-up for both groups. The difference was statistically non-significant at the end of three and six months’ follow-up. Conclusion Within the limitations of our study, it was concluded that TheraCal LC can be used alternatively with light-cured calcium hydroxide in IPC, with a predictability of similar success outcome in patients with deep carious lesions.
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The Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Effect of Biodentine™ on Human THP-1 Cells and Dental Pulp Stem Cells: In Vitro Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2656784. [PMID: 36093401 PMCID: PMC9462999 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2656784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulp tissue affected by deep caries and trauma can be protected by vital pulp therapies in which pulp regeneration success depends on the degree of pulp inflammation and the presence of regenerative signals. Reparative dentinogenesis requires dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) activity which can be stimulated by many bioactive molecules to repair the dentine, mediating a balance between the inflammatory response and the reparative events. Therefore, this study was performed in order to investigate the immune-inflammatory effect of Biodentine capping material on DPSCs and macrophages. Method THP-1, a human monocytic cell line, was differentiated to macrophages, and flow cytometry was used to analyze the expressions of specific macrophage markers. LPS-mediated infection was created for macrophages and DPSCs followed by treatment with Biodentine. CBA array was used to investigate the cytokine secretion followed by qPCR. Migration potential of treated DPSCs was also determined. Results Our results showed that THP-1 cell line was successfully differentiated into macrophages as shown by surface marker expression. CBA array and qPCR results showed that Biodentine-treated DPSCs and macrophages upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokines and downregulated proinflammatory cytokines. Also, Biodentine enhances the migration potential of treated DPSCs. Conclusion Biodentine capping material mediated the polarization of M1 to M2 macrophages suggestive of tissue repair properties of macrophages and enhanced the anti-inflammatory cytokines of DPSCs responsible for dentine-pulp regeneration.
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Dental Pulp Response to Different Types of Calcium-Based Materials Applied in Deep Carious Lesion Treatment—A Clinical Study. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020051. [PMID: 35645259 PMCID: PMC9149999 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp vitality preservation in dental caries treatment is a major goal in odontotherapy. The main objective of this study was to compare dental pulp tissue responses to vital therapies in deep carious lesions, using different calcium-based materials. An ambispective study was conducted on 47 patients. Ninety-five teeth with deep carious lesions were treated. Among them, 25 (26.32%) were diagnosed with pulpal exposures and treated by direct pulp capping. Indirect pulp capping was applied when pulp exposure was absent (n = 70; 73.68%). Fifty teeth (52.63%) were treated with TheraCal LC (prospective study), 31 teeth (32.63%) with Calcimol LC, and 14 teeth (14.74%) with Life Kerr AC (retrospective study). The results show that the survival rate for dental pulp was 100% for Life Kerr AC, 92% for TheraCal LC, and 83.87% for Calcimol LC, without significant differences. Apparently, self-setting calcium hydroxide material provided better dental pulp response than the two light-cured materials, regardless of their composition, that is, either calcium -hydroxide or calcium silicate-based. We will need a significant number of long-term clinical studies with the highest levels of evidence to determine the most adequate biomaterials for vital pulp therapies.
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Effect of Bioinductive Cavity Liners on Shear Bond Strength of Dental Composite to Dentin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3283211. [PMID: 35342752 PMCID: PMC8956379 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3283211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the influence of Dycal, Lime-Lite, TheraCal LC, Biodentine, resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), and Activa BioActive as the pulp capping material on the shear bond strength of resin composite to dentin. Methods A total of 70 extracted caries-free molars were randomly assigned to seven groups. Six test groups were covered with various protective liners: Dycal, TheraCal LC, Lime-Lite, Activa BioActive, Biodentine, and RMGIC. The control group received no liner pretreatment. Each sample was bonded to resin composite using the total-etch Tetric N bond adhesive. The samples were then tested for shear bond strength using the universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min until bond failure occurred. The data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test followed by the Tamhane post hoc test for pairwise comparisons of the groups. Results Independent of the type of the applied liner, all groups exhibited inferior SBS to dentin compared to the control group. TheraCal and RMGIC showed significantly higher shear bond strength than Biodentine and Dycal, which showed the lowest shear bond strength. Lime-Lite and Activa also had significantly lower SBS results than TheraCal. The mode of fracture was predominantly cohesive in Dycal, Biodentine, and TheraCal and adhesive in Activa. Conclusion This present study concludes that the bond strength of resin composite to dentin can be affected differently using various types of liners.
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Ali M, Okamoto M, Watanabe M, Huang H, Matsumoto S, Komichi S, Takahashi Y, Hayashi M. Biological properties of lithium-containing surface pre-reacted glass fillers as direct pulp-capping cements. Dent Mater 2021; 38:294-308. [PMID: 34953627 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surface pre-reacted glass fillers (S-PRG) can release different types of ions and in our previous study, we modified these fillers with lithium chloride (S-PRG/Li-100 mM) to induce reparative dentin formation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Here, we assessed the biological performance of S-PRG/Li-100 mM and compared it with that of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and S-PRG without additives. METHODS In vivo studies were conducted on male Wistar rats using Masson's trichrome staining in pulp-capped molars. The test materials were implanted subcutaneously to evaluate their capacity for vascularization and biocompatibility. The ability of the test materials to form apatite was tested by immersing them in simulated body fluid. Rhodamine-B staining was conducted to assess their sealing ability in bovine teeth, while their antibacterial activity was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei in terms of colony-forming units and by live/dead staining. RESULTS Masson's trichrome staining and tissue-implantation tests confirmed the biocompatibility of S-PRG/Li-100 mM and it was similar to that of MTA and S-PRG; inflammation regression was observed 14 days after operation in the subcutaneous tissues. S-PRG/Li-100 mM promoted the formation of apatite on its surface. Both the S-PRG groups showed higher sealing capability and bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity against oral bacterial biofilms than MTA. SIGNIFICANCE Lithium-containing surface pre-reacted glass cements exhibit better antibacterial and sealing capabilities than MTA, suggesting their potential as high-performance direct pulp-capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manahil Ali
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, P.O. 11111 Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Motoki Okamoto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Masakatsu Watanabe
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hailing Huang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Sayako Matsumoto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shungo Komichi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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21
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Effect of Magnesium on Dentinogenesis of Human Dental Pulp Cells. Int J Biomater 2021; 2021:6567455. [PMID: 34840576 PMCID: PMC8616686 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6567455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducing therapeutic ions into pulp capping materials has been considered a new approach for enhancing regeneration of dental tissues. However, no studies have been reported on its dentinogenic effects on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). This study was designed to investigate the effects of magnesium (Mg2+) on cell attachment efficiency, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of HDPCs. HDPCs were cultured with 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, 4 mM, and 8 mM concentrations of supplemental Mg2+ and 0 mM (control). Cell attachment was measured at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 hours. Cell proliferation rate was evaluated at 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days. Crystal violet staining was used to determine cell attachment and proliferation rate. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was assessed using the fluorometric assay at 7, 10, and 14 days. Mineralization of cultures was measured by Alizarin red staining. Statistical analysis was done using multiway analysis of variance (multiway ANOVA) with Wilks' lambda test. Higher cell attachment was shown with 0.5 mM and 1 mM at 16 hours compared to control (P < 0.0001). Cells with 0.5 mM and 1 mM supplemental Mg2+ showed significantly higher proliferation rates than control at 7, 10, 14, and 21 days (P < 0.0001). However, cell proliferation rates decreased significantly with 4 mM and 8 mM supplemental Mg2+ at 14 and 21 days (P < 0.0001). Significantly higher levels of ALP activity and mineralization were observed in 0.5 mM, 1 mM, and 2 mM supplemental Mg2+ at 10 and 14 days (P < 0.0001). However, 8 mM supplemental Mg2+ showed lower ALP activity compared to control at 14 days (P < 0.0001), while 4 mM and 8 mM supplemental Mg2+showed less mineralization compared to control (P < 0.0001). The study indicated that the optimal (0.5–2 mM) supplemental Mg2+ concentrations significantly upregulated HDPCs by enhancing cell attachment, proliferation rate, ALP activity, and mineralization. Magnesium-containing biomaterials could be considered for a future novel dental pulp-capping additive in regenerative endodontics.
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Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Okihara T, Irie M, Matsukawa A, Pedano MS, Maruo Y, Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B. Development of self-adhesive pulp-capping agents containing a novel hydrophilic and highly polymerizable acrylamide monomer. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:5320-5329. [PMID: 32458954 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown the clinical success of hydraulic calcium-silicate cements (hCSCs) for direct and indirect pulp capping and root repair. However, hCSCs have various drawbacks, including long setting time, poor mechanical properties, low bond strength to dentin, and relatively poor handling characteristics. To overcome these limitations, a light-curable, resin-based hCSC (Theracal LC, Bisco) was commercially introduced; however, it did not exhibit much improvement in bond strength. We developed a light-curable self-adhesive pulp-capping material that contains the novel acrylamide monomer N,N'-{[(2-acrylamido-2-[(3-acrylamidopropoxy)methyl]propane-1,3-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(propane-1,3-diyl)}diacrylamide (FAM-401) and the functional monomer 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-MET). Two experimental resin-based hCSCs containing different calcium sources (portlandite: Exp_Pl; tricalcium silicate cement: Exp_TCS) were prepared, and the commercial hCSCs Theracal LC and resin-free hCSC Biodentine served as controls. The performance of each cement was evaluated based on parameters relevant for vital pulp therapy, such as curing degree on a wet surface, mechanical strength, as determined using a three-point bending test, shear bond strength to dentin, cytotoxicity, as determined using an MTT assay, and the amount of calcium released, as determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Both experimental cements cured on wet surfaces and showed relatively low cytotoxicity. Furthermore, their flexural and shear bond strength to dentin were significantly higher than those of the commercial references. High calcium release was observed for both Exp_Pl and Biodentine. Thus, Exp_Pl as a new self-adhesive pulp-capping agent performed better than the commercial resin-based pulp-capping agent in terms of mechanical strength, bond strength, and calcium release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health Research Institute, 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan. and Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Nagaoka
- Okayama University Dental School, Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takumi Okihara
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Division of Applied Chemistry, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masao Irie
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biomaterials, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Mariano Simón Pedano
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7 blok a - bus 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yukinori Maruo
- Okayama University Hospital, Department of Occlusion and Removable Prosthodontics, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 7 blok a - bus 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Tomographic Evaluation of the Internal Adaptation for Recent Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp Capping Materials in Primary Teeth. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5523145. [PMID: 34046496 PMCID: PMC8128549 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5523145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the internal adaptation of recent pulp capping materials (TheraCal and Biodentine) relative to MTA when used as indirect pulp capping for primary teeth. Materials and Methods Thirty primary molars were randomly allocated into three groups, group (A) was TheraCal, group (B) was Biodentine, and MTA was the control group (C). A standardized round class-V cavity (1.5 mm diameter and 2 mm depth) was prepared using a milling machine on the buccal surface of each tooth with the pulpal floor located on the dentin. Then, pulp-capping materials were applied. Finally, all teeth were restored by composite restoration. The internal adaptation of the pulp-capping materials to the dentinal surface was investigated by microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) to determine the internal gap volume, and by optical coherence tomography (OCT) to determine the high-intensity reflection of light from the floor. Results Based on Micro-CT findings, TheraCal showed significantly higher internal gap volume than both MTA and Biodentine (p < 0.001), while MTA and Biodentine did not show a significant difference in the gap volume. Based on the OCT findings, TheraCal showed a significantly higher intensity of light reflection than both MTA and Biodentine (p < 0.001); however, there was no significant difference between MTA and Biodentine. Pearson's correlation test showed that there was a strong positive correlation between Micro-CT and OCT (r = 0.686, N = 30, p < 0.001). Conclusions Biodentine and MTA showed a comparable result in terms of their internal adaptation on the dentinal surface of the primary teeth, and both were better than TheraCal. There is a moderate to a strong positive correlation between Micro-CT and OCT in the measurement of internal adaptation of the tested pulp capping materials. OCT can be helpful and beneficial for the clinical setting and allow dentists to screen and evaluate restorations during follow-up.
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Andrei M, Vacaru RP, Coricovac A, Ilinca R, Didilescu AC, Demetrescu I. The Effect of Calcium-Silicate Cements on Reparative Dentinogenesis Following Direct Pulp Capping on Animal Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092725. [PMID: 34066444 PMCID: PMC8125639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp vitality is a desideratum for preserving the health and functionality of the tooth. In certain clinical situations that lead to pulp exposure, bioactive agents are used in direct pulp-capping procedures to stimulate the dentin-pulp complex and activate reparative dentinogenesis. Hydraulic calcium-silicate cements, derived from Portland cement, can induce the formation of a new dentin bridge at the interface between the biomaterial and the dental pulp. Odontoblasts are molecularly activated, and, if necessary, undifferentiated stem cells in the dental pulp can differentiate into odontoblasts. An extensive review of literature was conducted on MedLine/PubMed database to evaluate the histological outcomes of direct pulp capping with hydraulic calcium-silicate cements performed on animal models. Overall, irrespective of their physico-chemical properties and the molecular mechanisms involved in pulp healing, the effects of cements on tertiary dentin formation and pulp vitality preservation were positive. Histological examinations showed different degrees of dental pulp inflammatory response and complete/incomplete dentin bridge formation during the pulp healing process at different follow-up periods. Calcium silicate materials have the ability to induce reparative dentinogenesis when applied over exposed pulps, with different behaviors, as related to the animal model used, pulpal inflammatory responses, and quality of dentin bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Andrei
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Raluca Paula Vacaru
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Anca Coricovac
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Radu Ilinca
- Division of Biophysics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andreea Cristiana Didilescu
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (R.P.V.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-722536798
| | - Ioana Demetrescu
- Department of General Chemistry, University Politehnica Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Pedano MS, Yoshihara K, Li X, Camargo B, Van Landuyt K, Van Meerbeek B. Experimental resin-modified calcium-silicate cement containing N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide monomer for pulp tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112105. [PMID: 34082929 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Our study aimed to measure (1) the flexural strength, (2) shear bond strength to dentin, (3) pH, and (4) calcium (Ca) release of a series of innovative resin-modified calcium-silicate pulp-capping cements (Rm-CSCs). Using an ex-vivo human vital tooth-culture model, we additionally assessed (5) their pulp-healing initiation when brought in direct contact with human dental pulp tissue. METHODOLOGY Three experimental Rm-CSCs, being referred to 'Exp_HEAA', 'Exp_GDM' and 'Exp_HEAA/GDM', contained either 20 wt% N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide (HEAA), 20 wt% glycerol dimethacrylate (GDM) or 10 wt% HEAA plus 10 wt% GDM, added to a common base composition consisting of 25 wt% urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), 10 wt% 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-MET), and 5 wt% N,N'-{[(2-acrylamido-2-[(3-acrylamidopropoxy)methyl] propane-1,3-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis-(propane-1,3-diyl)}diacrylamide (FAM-401). As Ca source and radiopacifier, 37 wt% tricalcium silicate powder (TCS) and 3 wt% zirconium oxide (ZrO 2) were respectively added. RESULTS All three experimental Rm-CSCs revealed a significantly higher flexural strength and shear bond strength to dentin (p < 0.05) than the commercial reference Rm-CSC TheraCal LC (Bisco). Exp_HEAA presented with a significantly higher Ca release and pH at 24 h compared with the other Rm-CSCs (p < 0.05). At 1 week, the Ca release and pH of Exp_HEAA and Exp_HEAA/GDM was significantly higher than those of Exp_GDM and TheraCal LC (p < 0.05). Using the ex-vivo human vital tooth culture model, Exp_HEAA revealed pulp-healing initiation capacity as documented by nestin and collagen-I expression. CONCLUSIONS Depending on the formulation, the innovative Rm-CSCs performed favorably for primary properties of relevance regarding pulp capping, this more specifically in terms of flexural strength, bond strength to dentin, as well as alkaline pH and Ca release. However, only Exp_HEAA revealed pulp-healing initiation in direct contact with human dental pulp tissue in the ex-vivo human vital tooth-culture model. This promising outcome for Exp_HEAA should be attributed to the combined use of (1) a novel hydrophilic acrylamide monomer, enabling sufficient polymerization while maintaining adequate hydrophilicity, with (2) the functional monomer 4-MET, possessing chemical bonding potential to dentin, and (3) tricalcium silicate powder to achieve an alkaline pH and to release Ca in a sufficient and controlled way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano S Pedano
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kumiko Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health Research Institute, 2217-14 Hayashi-Cho, Takamaysu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Xin Li
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernardo Camargo
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Van Landuyt
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Manaspon C, Jongwannasiri C, Chumprasert S, Sa-Ard-Iam N, Mahanonda R, Pavasant P, Porntaveetus T, Osathanon T. Human dental pulp stem cell responses to different dental pulp capping materials. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:209. [PMID: 33902558 PMCID: PMC8074430 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01544-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Direct pulp capping is a vital pulp therapy for a pin-point dental pulp exposure. Applying a pulp capping material leads to the formation of a dentin bridge and protects pulp vitality. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of four dental materials, DyCal®, ProRoot® MTA, Biodentine™, and TheraCal™ LC in vitro. Methods Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPs) were isolated and characterized. Extraction medium was prepared from the different pulp capping materials. The hDP cytotoxicity, proliferation, and migration were examined. The odonto/osteogenic differentiation was determined by alkaline phosphatase, Von Kossa, and alizarin red s staining. Osteogenic marker gene expression was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results ProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ generated less cytotoxicity than DyCal® and TheraCal™ LC, which were highly toxic. The hDPs proliferated when cultured with the ProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ extraction media. The ProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ extraction medium induced greater cell attachment and spreading. Moreover, the hDPs cultured in the ProRoot® MTA or Biodentine™ extraction medium migrated in a similar manner to those in serum-free medium, while a marked reduction in cell migration was observed in the cells cultured in DyCal® and TheraCal™ LC extraction media. Improved mineralization was detected in hDPs maintained in ProRoot® MTA or Biodentine™ extraction medium compared with those in serum-free medium. Conclusion This study demonstrates the favorable in vitro biocompatibility and bioactive properties of ProRoot® MTA and Biodentine™ on hDPs, suggesting their superior regenerative potential compared with DyCal® and TheraCal™. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01544-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawan Manaspon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chavin Jongwannasiri
- Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Sujin Chumprasert
- Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Sa-Ard-Iam
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rangsini Mahanonda
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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27
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Arandi NZ, Thabet M. Minimal Intervention in Dentistry: A Literature Review on Biodentine as a Bioactive Pulp Capping Material. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5569313. [PMID: 33884264 PMCID: PMC8041541 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5569313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Root canal treatment has been the treatment of choice for carious pulp exposures. In the perspective of minimally invasive dentistry and preventive endodontics, a direct pulp capping procedure with a reliable bioactive material may be considered an alternative approach provided that the pulp status is favorable. However, the treatment of pulp exposure by pulp capping is still a controversial issue with no clear literature available on this topic, leaving the concerned practitioner more confused than satisfied. Biodentine is a relatively new bioactive material explored for vital pulp therapy procedures. This article discusses its role in direct pulp capping procedures. A thorough literature search of the database was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus using the keywords preventive endodontics, calcium silicate cement, direct pulp capping, Biodentine, and vital pulp therapy. Reference mining of the articles that were identified was used to locate other papers and enrich the findings. No limits were imposed on the year of publication, but only articles in English were considered. This paper is aimed at reviewing the current literature on Biodentine as a direct pulp capping material. The review will provide a better understanding of Biodentine's properties and can aid in the decision-making process for maintaining the vitality of exposed dental pulp with minimal intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naji Ziad Arandi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Arab American University, Jenin, State of Palestine
| | - Mohammad Thabet
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, State of Palestine
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28
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Akbiyik SY, Bakir EP, Bakir S. Evaluation of the Bond Strength of Different Pulp Capping Materials to Dental Adhesive Systems: An In Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ORAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/2320206821997983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the bond strengths of pulp capping materials (Dycal, ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, TheraCal LC, Calcimol LC, and ApaCal ART) and different adhesive systems (Gluma 2 Bond, Clearfil SE Protect, Gluma Self Etch, Clearfil S 3 Bond Plus, Gluma Bond Universal, Clearfil S 3 Bond Universal). Materials and Methods: Two hundred fifty-two acrylic blocks were prepared in which cylindrical cavities of 4 × 2 mm 3 were formed. Pulp capping materials were placed in the cavities. Different adhesive systems were applied to each pulp capping material group. After applying the composite resin, the shear bond strength (SBS) values of the specimens were determined in the Instron test device. Fracture types were evaluated using a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed by Shapiro–Wilk’s and Kruskal–Wallis H test. Results: There is a statistically significant difference between pulp capping materials in terms of SBS values ( P < .05). Dycal’s SBS was found significantly lower than other materials, and the highest bond strength was observed in Calcimol LC material. Although there is no statistically significant difference ( P > .05) between the adhesive agent groups in terms of SBS, Gluma 2 Bond showed the highest bond strength value. Conclusion: In traditional pulp capping materials such as Dycal, MTA, and Biodentine, using a two-step self-etch adhesive system can result in higher bond strength values. In resin-based TheraCal LC,, ApaCal ART, and Calcimol LC materials, it may be recommended to use a two-step etch and rinse adhesive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Yazici Akbiyik
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Elif Pınar Bakir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - S¸eyhmus Bakir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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29
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Park SM, Rhee WR, Park KM, Kim YJ, Ahn J, Knowles JC, Kim J, Shin J, Jang TS, Jun SK, Lee HH, Lee JH. Calcium Silicate-Based Biocompatible Light-Curable Dental Material for Dental Pulpal Complex. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030596. [PMID: 33673632 PMCID: PMC7997209 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries causes tooth defects and clinical treatment is essential. To prevent further damage and protect healthy teeth, appropriate dental material is a need. However, the biocompatibility of dental material is needed to secure the oral environment. For this purpose, biocompatible materials were investigated for incorporated with dental capping material. Among them, nanomaterials are applied to dental materials to enhance their chemical, mechanical, and biological properties. This research aimed to study the physicochemical and mechanical properties and biocompatibility of a recently introduced light-curable mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-like material without bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA). To overcome the compromised mechanical properties in the absence of Bis-GMA, silica nanoparticles were synthesized and blended with a dental polymer for the formation of a nano-network. This material was compared with a conventional light-curable MTA-like material that contains Bis-GMA. Investigation of the physiochemical properties followed ISO 4049. Hydroxyl and calcium ion release from the materials was measured over 21 days. The Vickers hardness test and three-point flexural strength test were used to assess the mechanical properties. Specimens were immersed in solutions that mimicked human body plasma for seven days, and surface characteristics were analyzed. Biological properties were assessed by cytotoxicity and biomineralization tests. There was no significant difference between the tested materials with respect to overall physicochemical properties and released calcium ions. The newly produced material released more calcium ions on the third day, but 14 days later, the other material containing Bis-GMA released higher levels of calcium ions. The microhardness was reduced in a low pH environment, and differences between the specimens were observed. The flexural strength of the newly developed material was significantly higher, and different surface morphologies were detected. The recently produced extract showed higher cell viability at an extract concentration of 100%, while mineralization was clear at the conventional concentration of 25%. No significant changes in the physical properties between Bis-GMA incorporate material and nanoparticle incorporate materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min Park
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (S.-M.P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Woo-Rim Rhee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (W.-R.R.); (K.-M.P.)
| | - Kyu-Min Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (W.-R.R.); (K.-M.P.)
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (S.-M.P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Junyong Ahn
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (S.-M.P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LT, UK
| | - Jongbin Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Jisun Shin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (S.-M.P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Tae-Su Jang
- Department of Pre-medi, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Soo-Kyung Jun
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (S.-M.P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (W.-R.R.); (K.-M.P.)
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Hanseo University, 46. Hanseo 1-ro, Haemi-Myun, Seosan 31962, Chungcheognam-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-K.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-41-550-3081 (S.-K.J. & H.-H.L. & J.-H.L.); Fax: +82-41-559-7839 (S.-K.J. & H.-H.L. & J.-H.L.)
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (S.-M.P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (W.-R.R.); (K.-M.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.-K.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-41-550-3081 (S.-K.J. & H.-H.L. & J.-H.L.); Fax: +82-41-559-7839 (S.-K.J. & H.-H.L. & J.-H.L.)
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (S.-M.P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (W.-R.R.); (K.-M.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.-K.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-41-550-3081 (S.-K.J. & H.-H.L. & J.-H.L.); Fax: +82-41-559-7839 (S.-K.J. & H.-H.L. & J.-H.L.)
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Time-Dependent Response of Human Deciduous Tooth-Derived Dental Pulp Cells Treated with TheraCal LC: Functional Analysis of Gene Interactions Compared to MTA. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020531. [PMID: 32075286 PMCID: PMC7074006 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulp capping material should facilitate hard tissue regeneration on the injured pulp tissue. TheraCal LC (TC) was recently developed. Although TC has shown reliable clinical outcomes after direct pulp capping, there are still remaining concerns regarding its detrimental effect on pulp cells. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the gene expression of human deciduous tooth-derived dental pulp cells exposed to TC compared to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The cells were cultured and exposed to TC and MTA for 24 and 72 h. Next, total RNA was isolated. QuantSeq 3′ mRNA-sequencing was used to examine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in exposed to TC and MTA. Functional analysis of DEGs was performed using bioinformatics analysis. In gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis, cells in TC for 24 h presented significantly enriched immune response (p < 0.001) and inflammatory response (p < 0.01) compared to MTA. TC showed enriched positive regulation of cell migration at 72 h (p < 0.001). In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction (p = 1.19 × 10−7) and calcium signaling pathway (p = 2.96 × 10−5) were confirmed in the shared DEGs in TC. In conclusion, DEGs in TC may be involved in pathways associated with osteoclastogenesis and osteoclastic differentiation.
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Raina A, Sawhny A, Paul S, Nandamuri S. Comparative evaluation of the bond strength of self-adhering and bulk-fill flowable composites to MTA Plus, Dycal, Biodentine, and TheraCal: an in vitro study. Restor Dent Endod 2020; 45:e10. [PMID: 32110539 PMCID: PMC7030959 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of a self-adhering flowable composite (Dyad Flow) and a bulk-fill flowable composite (Smart Dentin Replacement [SDR]) to several pulp-capping materials, including MTA Plus, Dycal, Biodentine, and TheraCal. Materials and Methods Eighty acrylic blocks with 2-mm-deep central holes that were 4 mm in diameter were prepared and divided into 2 groups (n = 40 each) according to the composite used (Dyad Flow or SDR). They were further divided into 4 sub-groups (n = 10 each) according to the pulp-capping agent used. SBS was tested using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance. A p value of < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results A statistically significant difference (p = 0.040) was found between Dyad Flow and SDR in terms of bond strength to MTA Plus, Dycal, Biodentine, and TheraCal. Conclusions Among the 8 sub-groups, the combination of TheraCal and SDR exhibited the highest SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakrati Raina
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rama Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asheesh Sawhny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rama Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurav Paul
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rama Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sridevi Nandamuri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rama Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Primus CM, Tay FR, Niu LN. Bioactive tri/dicalcium silicate cements for treatment of pulpal and periapical tissues. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:35-54. [PMID: 31146033 PMCID: PMC6717675 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over 2500 articles and 200 reviews have been published on the bioactive tri/dicalcium silicate dental materials. The indications have expanded since their introduction in the 1990s from endodontic restorative and pulpal treatments to endodontic sealing and obturation. Bioactive ceramics, based on tri/dicalcium silicate cements, are now an indispensable part of the contemporary dental armamentarium for specialists including endodontists, pediatric dentists, oral surgeons andfor general dentists. This review emphasizes research on how these materials have conformed to international standards for dental materials ranging from biocompatibility (ISO 7405) to conformance as root canal sealers (ISO 6876). Potential future developments of alternative hydraulic materials were included. This review provides accurate materials science information on these important materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The broadening indications and the proliferation of tri/dicalcium silicate-based products make this relatively new dental material important for all dentists and biomaterials scientists. Presenting the variations in compositions, properties, indications and clinical performance enable clinicians to choose the material most suitable for their cases. Researchers may expand their bioactive investigations to further validate and improve materials and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Primus
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA.
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Li-Na Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Hena, China
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Abou ElReash A, Hamama H, Abdo W, Wu Q, Zaen El-Din A, Xiaoli X. Biocompatibility of new bioactive resin composite versus calcium silicate cements: an animal study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:194. [PMID: 31438924 PMCID: PMC6704669 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to compare the biocompatibility of three bioactive materials, namely ACTIVA bioactive restorative resin composite, iRoot BP plus and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Angelus-HP. Methods Seventy-five Wistar male rats were subjected to subcutaneous implantation of four polyethylene tubes; one empty tube was used as control (Group 1), and the other tubes were filled with ACTIVA (Group 2), iRoot BP (Group 3) and MTA-HP (Group 4). Then, the rats were subdivided into 3 groups according to the sacrification time into one, two and 4 weeks (n = 25 rats). Tissue specimens were submitted to histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of α-SMA and caspase 3. Results The one-way Anova test revealed that ACTIVA group exhibited minimal inflammation in comparison to calcium silicate cements (iRoot BP and MTA-HP groups). iRoot BP group significantly revealed a more severe degree of chronic inflammation in comparison to other groups (P < 0.05). ACTIVA group showed marked regression of inflammation and fibrosis comparable to the control, while iRoot BP group revealed remarkable fibrosis and calcification, with less degrees in MTA-HP group (P < 0.05). Immunostaining of both α-SMA and caspase 3 revealed lower indexes in ACTIVA group consistent with the control (P < 0.05). Conclusions ACTIVA showed a higher degree of biocompatibility to subcutaneous tissues in comparison to both iRoot BP and MTA-HP cements in regard to decrease the intensity of inflammation, with subsequent fibrous connective tissue remodeling and better healing patterns. Clinical significance Preliminary data suggests that the application of ACTIVA in retrograde fillings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Abou ElReash
- Department of Endodontic, Xiangya School of stomatology, Central South University, Xiangya Road No 72. Kaifu, Changsha, 410078, Hunan province, China
| | - Hamdi Hamama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Qiqi Wu
- Department of Endodontic, Xiangya School of stomatology, Central South University, Xiangya Road No 72. Kaifu, Changsha, 410078, Hunan province, China
| | - Ahmed Zaen El-Din
- Department of Conservative Dentistry. Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, International Coastal Road, Gamasa City, Mansoura, Dakhliya, Egypt
| | - Xie Xiaoli
- Department of Endodontic, Xiangya School of stomatology, Central South University, Xiangya Road No 72. Kaifu, Changsha, 410078, Hunan province, China.
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Fathy SM. Remineralization ability of two hydraulic calcium-silicate based dental pulp capping materials: Cell-independent model. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e360-e366. [PMID: 31110616 PMCID: PMC6522110 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate remineralizing ability of two hydraulic calcium-silicate cements (Biodentine and TheraCal LC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Artificial carious lesions were introduced into the pulpal floors (1-1.5 mm) and axial walls of occlusal prepared cavity halves through pH cycling. Cycling was made through demineralizing solution (pH 3), for 8 hours and remineralizing solution (pH 7) for 16 hours. The total period of pH cycling was 14 days. Prepared cavities with the tested materials seated directly on the pulpal floor and in contact with the axial walls were stored in phosphate buffer solutions (PBS) (pH 7.2-7.4). The changes in the weight percentages (wt%) of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were detected using SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with reference to sound dentin after three intervals (one week, 3 and 6 months). Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS Demineralized dentin, next to Biodentine, showed statistically higher intensities of Ca and P wt% after the three periods of incubation (p< 0.05). Surface mapping of both tested cements and their adjacent demineralized dentin showed increase in overall distribution of previous ions. SEM of subsurface layer under both materials showed filling of most intra-tubular areas with rod-like mineralized structure without significant difference. CONCLUSIONS Biodentine has a higher ability to enrich the artificial carious dentin with significantly higher mineral contents available for remineralization. Both pulp-capping materials have significantly induced remineralization of demineralized dentin beneath them after total period of incubation. Key words:Artificial Caries, Hydraulic Cements, pH Cycling, Remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M Fathy
- Dental Biomaterials Dept., Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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