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He B, Chen D, Zhang X, Yang R, Yang Y, Chen P, Shen Z. Antiatherosclerotic effects of corilagin via suppression of the LOX-1/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. J Nat Med 2022; 76:389-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen S, Wu X, Li T, Li Y, Wang B, Cheng W, Teng Y, Yang J, Meng H, Wang L, Lu Z, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Zhao M. Atheroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Postmarketing Chinese Patent Formulas in Atherosclerosis Models: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:4010607. [PMID: 34873408 PMCID: PMC8643251 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4010607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some postmarketing Chinese patent formulas have been widely used to treat atherosclerosis (AS) and play critical roles in Chinese healthcare. However, the usage of these herbs is yet controversial due to unclear effects and lack of understanding of the mechanism of action. With the modernization of traditional Chinese formulas, we are to elucidate the atheroprotective properties of these remedies from successful postmarketing experiments in vivo. METHODS In this systematic review, we critically searched the databases, applied stringent criteria, assessed the methodological quality, and examined the current evidence in vivo. RESULTS Consequently, 60 studies were included in the present qualitative synthesis. Data on models, high-fat diet, intervention time, outcome measures, efficacy, and mechanisms were collected. Finally, 23 formulas that could alleviate AS were correlated to the amelioration of plaques, improvement of plaque stability, modification of lipid level and lipid metabolism, and the effects of anti-inflammation and antioxidant stress with multiple components and targets. However, the methodological quality was low and incomplete among the included literature. CONCLUSIONS Thus, taken together, the studies on postmarketing Chinese patent formulas would provide a novel approach to improve the treatment of AS, and rigorously designed studies would provide high-quality evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Baofu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Weiting Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yu Teng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yangyang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yahong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mingjing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
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LOX-1: Regulation, Signaling and Its Role in Atherosclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8070218. [PMID: 31336709 PMCID: PMC6680802 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis has long been known to be a chronic inflammatory disease. In addition, there is intense oxidative stress in atherosclerosis resulting from an imbalance between the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inadequate anti-oxidant defense forces. The excess of the oxidative forces results in the conversion of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) to oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), which is highly atherogenic. The sub-endothelial deposition of ox-LDL, formation of foamy macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration, and deposition of collagen are central pathophysiologic steps in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. Ox-LDL exerts its action through several different scavenger receptors, the most important of which is LOX-1 in atherogenesis. LOX-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that binds to and internalizes ox-LDL. This interaction results in variable downstream effects based on the cell type. In endothelial cells, there is an increased expression of cellular adhesion molecules, resulting in the increased attachment and migration of inflammatory cells to intima, followed by their differentiation into macrophages. There is also a worsening endothelial dysfunction due to the increased production of vasoconstrictors, increased ROS, and depletion of endothelial nitric oxide (NO). In the macrophages and VSMCs, ox-LDL causes further upregulation of the LOX-1 gene, modulation of calpains, macrophage migration, VSMC proliferation and foam cell formation. Soluble LOX-1 (sLOX-1), a fragment of the main LOX-1 molecule, is being investigated as a diagnostic marker because it has been shown to be present in increased quantities in patients with hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease. LOX-1 gene deletion in mice and anti-LOX-1 therapy has been shown to decrease inflammation, oxidative stress and atherosclerosis. LOX-1 deletion also results in damage from ischemia, making LOX-1 a promising target of therapy for atherosclerosis and related disorders. In this article we focus on the different mechanisms for regulation, signaling and the various effects of LOX-1 in contributing to atherosclerosis.
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Li W, Zhi W, Zhao J, Li W, Zang L, Liu F, Niu X. Cinnamaldehyde attenuates atherosclerosis via targeting the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway in high fat diet-induced ApoE−/− mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:4001-4009. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00396g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde is a flavor isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia Presl and exerts anti-inflammation effects in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Wenbing Zhi
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jinmeng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Lulu Zang
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Niu
- School of Pharmacy
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- P.R. China
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