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High Expression of CUL9 Is Prognostic and Predictive for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in High-Risk Stage II and Stage III Colon Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163843. [PMID: 36010837 PMCID: PMC9406063 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the clinical implications of CUL9 expression on the prognosis and the predictive value for adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer. A total of 1078 consecutive patients treated with radical resection from 2008 to 2012 were included. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens were used as immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CUL9. For all patients, high expression of CUL9 was identified as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR = 1.613, 95% CI 1.305−1.993, p < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.570, 95% CI 1.159−2.128, p = 0.004). The prognostic value of high CUL9 expression was confirmed in an independent validation cohort from the GEO database. The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed among patients with high-risk stage II and stage III disease. Those with high CUL9 expression from the full dose group had better disease-free survival (HR = 0.477, 95% CI 0.276−0.825, p = 0.006) than those from the reduced dose group. The interaction test between CUL9 expression and the treatment reached significance and was not confounded by T stage, N stage and histopathological grade. In general, high expression of CUL9 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with colon cancer. In those with high-risk stage II and stage III disease, high expression of CUL9 was associated with the benefit from standard 6-months adjuvant chemotherapy regimens.
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2
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Yang L, WenTao T, ZhiYuan Z, Qi L, YuXiang L, Peng Z, Ke L, XiaoNa J, YuZhi P, MeiLing J, QingYang F, GuoDong H, YueXiang W, JianMin X. Cullin-9/p53 mediates HNRNPC degradation to inhibit erastin-induced ferroptosis and is blocked by MDM2 inhibition in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:3210-3221. [PMID: 35505093 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer associated death worldwide. Ferroptosis is a newly defined form of regulated cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides and exerts an increased attention for cancer treatment. However, little is known about ferroptosis in CRC. In this study, through whole genome sequencing and external differential differentiated expression analysis, we identify CUL9 as a novel important modulator for ferroptosis in CRC. Here we demonstrated that CUL9 can binds p53 to ubiquitylate heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C for degradation. Overexpression of CUL9 increases resistance to erastin-induced ferroptosis. Then, we discovered this resistance was mediated by CUL9-HNRNPC-MATE1 negative loop, which can provide us with a novel target to overcome drug resistance to ferroptosis activators. Finally, we found that targeting MDM2 was developed as an effective strategy to destroy precious drug-resistant CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tang WenTao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang ZhiYuan
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Luo YuXiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ke
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia XiaoNa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pang YuZhi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji MeiLing
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng QingYang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - He GuoDong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang YueXiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xu JianMin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Huang W, Chen Y, Chang W, Ren L, Tang W, Zheng P, Wu Q, Liu T, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xu J. HER2 positivity as a biomarker for poor prognosis and unresponsiveness to anti-EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:993-1002. [PMID: 34156520 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of HER2 positivity in prognosis and unresponsiveness to anti-EGFR therapy for colorectal cancer. METHODS Patients who underwent primary CRC tumor resection were included. HER2 status of CRC was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization tests. Comparison of survival analysis between HER2 positivity and negativity was evaluated by a stratified log-rank test and summarized with the use of Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards methods. The treatment effects of cetuximab were further compared in full subgroup analyses. RESULT 1240 patients were enrolled, including 763 with stage I-III CRC and 477 with stage IV CRC. 57 (4.6%) CRC patients presented HER2 positivity in the entire cohort. The survival analysis showed that patients with HER2 positivity had significantly worse disease-free survival and overall survival in stage III and IV CRC. The multivariable analysis also confirmed that HER2 positivity was a significantly independent risk factor in stage III and IV CRC. Univariate and multivariable survival analysis showed no prognostic significance of HER2 positivity in stage I-II CRC patients. Prespecified subgroup analysis showed no favorable trends in progression-free survival and overall survival for cetuximab in the patients with HER2 positivity, KRAS/NRAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic CRC (interaction P values = 0.005 and 0.014). CONCLUSION For stage III and IV CRC patients, HER2 positivity was confirmed as an independent prognostic risk factor. It could help predict the unresponsiveness to anti-EGFR therapy for metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbai Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijiao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenju Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive, Shanghai, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive, Shanghai, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Liu K, Wang JF, Zhan Y, Kong DL, Wang C. Prognosis model of colorectal cancer patients based on NOTCH3, KMT2C, and CREBBP mutations. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:79-88. [PMID: 33708426 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers. The aim of our study was to explore its related mutations, identify novel mutation markers, and construct predictive models for postoperative CRC patients, so as to provide evidence for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CRC. Methods A total 50 CRC patients were collected, and the mutations in tissue samples were detected through next-generation sequencing (NGS). Meanwhile, 246 CRC cases with complete mutation data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Afterwards, the co-mutations in both clinical and TCGA cohorts were identified, and the high-frequency mutation genes were selected. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis was performed, and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) predictive models were constructed. Results In all, 18 out of 238 co-mutation genes mutated in at least 20% of the samples and were selected out as common high-frequency mutation genes. They were significantly enriched in 460 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 87 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways (P<0.05), which were closely related to the occurrence and development of CRC. Among the 18 genes, NOTCH3, histone lysine methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C), and cAMP-response element binding protein-BP (CREBBP) were respectively associated with tumor position, stage, and PFS (P<0.05), and could be considered as potential biomarkers of CRC. Finally, OS and PFS predictive models were constructed and verified using the 50 clinical cases, with both models demonstrating high fitting degrees useful for predicting the OS and PFS of CRC patients. Conclusions NOTCH3, KMT2C, and CREBBP were found to be prospective biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. The prognosis prediction models had high sensitivity and could be used to predict the OS and PFS of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie-Fu Wang
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Zhan
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Da-Lu Kong
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Colorectal Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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5
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Pessoa LS, Heringer M, Ferrer VP. ctDNA as a cancer biomarker: A broad overview. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 155:103109. [PMID: 33049662 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in fluids has gained attention because ctDNA seems to identify tumor-specific abnormalities, which could be used for diagnosis, follow-up of treatment, and prognosis: the so-called liquid biopsy. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive approach and presents the sum of ctDNA from primary and secondary tumor sites. It has been possible not only to quantify the amount of ctDNA but also to identify (epi)genetic changes. Specific mutations in genes have been identified in the plasma of patients with several types of cancer, which highlights ctDNA as a possible cancer biomarker. However, achieving detectable concentrations of ctDNA in body fluids is not an easy task. ctDNA fragments present a short half-life, and there are no cut-off values to discriminate high and low ctDNA concentrations. Here, we discuss the use of ctDNA as a cancer biomarker, the main methodologies, the inherent difficulties, and the clinical predictive value of ctDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Santos Pessoa
- Brain's Biomedicine Laboratory, Paulo Niemeyer State Brain Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Center for Experimental Surgery, Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manoela Heringer
- Brain's Biomedicine Laboratory, Paulo Niemeyer State Brain Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valéria Pereira Ferrer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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6
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De Mattia E, Bignucolo A, Toffoli G, Cecchin E. Genetic Markers of the Host to Predict the Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Targeted Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4249-4273. [PMID: 31298142 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712151417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of anti-EGFR (cetuximab and panitumumab) and antiangiogenic (bevacizumab, regorafeninb, ramucirumab, and aflibercept) agents in the therapeutic armamentarium of the metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) has significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy and patients survival. However, despite the great improvements achieved in the patients life expectation, the high inter-individual heterogeneity in the response to the targeted agents still represent an issue for the management of advanced CRC patients. Even if the role of tumor genetic mutations as predictive markers of drug efficacy has been well-established, the contribution of the host genetic markers is still controversial. Promising results regard the germ-line immune-profile, inflammation and tumor microenvironment. Inherent variations in KRAS 3'UTR region as well as EGF/ EGFR genes were investigated as markers of cetuximab effectiveness. More recently interesting data in the field of anti- EGFR agents were generated also for germ-line variants in genes involved in inflammation (e.g. COX-2, LIFR, IGF1 signaling), immune system (e.g., FCGRs, IL-1RA), and other players of the RAS signaling, including the Hippo pathway related genes (e.g. Rassf, YAP, TAZ). Host genetic variants in VEGF-dependent (i.e., EGF, IGF-1, HIF1α, eNOS, iNOS) and -independent (i.e., EMT cascade, EGFL7) pathways, with specific attention on inflammation and immune system-related factors (e.g., IL-8, CXCR-1/2, CXCR4-CXCL12 axis, TLRs, GADD34, PPP1R15A, ANXA11, MKNK1), were investigated as predictive markers of bevacizumab outcome, generating some promising results. In this review, we aimed to summarize the most recent literature data regarding the potential role of common and rare inhered variants in predicting which CRC patients will benefit more from a specifically targeted drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Mattia
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Alessia Bignucolo
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
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7
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Song K, Lu H, Jin L, Wang K, Guo W, Zheng H, Li K, He C, You T, Fu Y, Yang J, Zhao W, Guo Z. Qualitative Ras pathway signature for cetuximab therapy reveals resistant mechanism in colorectal cancer. FEBS J 2020; 287:5236-5248. [PMID: 32216031 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cetuximab therapy, which heavily relies on the activation of Ras pathway, has been used in KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA wild-type colorectal cancer (CRC) (Ras-normal). However, the response rate only reached 60%, due to false-negative mutation detection and mutation-like transcriptome features in wild-type patients. Herein, by integrating RNA-seq, microarray, and mutation data, we developed a Ras pathway signature by characterizing KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA mutations to identify the hidden nonresponders from the Ras-normal patients by mutation detection. Using public and in-house data of CRC patients treated with cetuximab, discovery of the signature could identify cetuximab-resistant samples from the Ras-normal samples. Cetuximab resistance-related genes, such as PTEN, were significantly and frequently mutated in the identified Ras-activated samples, whereas two cetuximab sensitivity-related genes, APC and TP53, showed comutation and significantly higher mutation frequencies in the remaining Ras-normal samples. Furthermore, all the NF1- and BCL2L1-mutated samples were identified as Ras-activated from the Ras-normal samples by the Ras pathway signature with significantly under-regulated expression. Genes co-expressed with the two genes were both involved in Ras signaling pathway, the out-of-control of which could be attributed by the genes' loss-of-function mutations. To improve the treatment of cetuximab in CRC, NF1 and BCL2L1 could be used as complementary detection technique to those applied in clinical. In conclusion, the proposed Ras pathway signature could identify the hidden CRC patients resistant to cetuximab therapy and help to reveal resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Haibo Lu
- The GI Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Liangliang Jin
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Wenbing Guo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Hailong Zheng
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Keru Li
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Chuchu He
- The GI Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, China
| | - Tianyi You
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Yelin Fu
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, China
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8
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Gao L, Xu J, He G, Huang J, Xu W, Qin J, Zheng P, Ji M, Chang W, Ren L, Wei Y, Xu J, Liang C. CCR7 high expression leads to cetuximab resistance by cross-talking with EGFR pathway in PI3K/AKT signals in colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2531-2543. [PMID: 31815051 PMCID: PMC6895444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab (C225), an anti-Epidermal Growth Factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody, has been widely used as a routine treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); However, many patients who initially respond to cetuximab acquire resistance. The purpose of this study was to characterize new mechanism of acquired Cetuximab resistance. Firstly, tissue microarrays (TMA) comprising 191 CRC patients was constructed to evaluate the expression of chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) by using immunohistochemistry (IHC). In CRC tumor tissues, CCR7 was significantly over-expressed compared with paired normal tissues (P < 0.001), and correlated with the infiltration depth (P = 0.03) and the regional lymph node metastasis (P = 0.006). Significant differences were also found in forms of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between normal and tumor tissues (P < 0.001). More interestingly, EGFR was also highly expressed and co-localized with CCR7 in the tumor tissues from the patients who were insensitive to Cetuximab treatment. Secondly, we further explored the relationship between CCR7 expression and Cetuximab resistance by two CCR7 positive CRC cell lines, Caco-2 with wild-type KRAS (KRASwt ) and HCT116 with mutated KRAS (KRASG13D ). By the treatment of secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC, an exogenous high-affinity legend of CCR7), the inhibition rate of Cetuximab significantly decreased in both cells. Furthermore, the activation of SLC/CCR7 axis promoted epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) in CRC tumor cells by increasing the expression of Twist and β-catenin. By using of CCR7 neutralizing antibody and p-AKT inhibitor rescued the above effects. These findings suggested that CCR7 was a key factor in those CRC patients, who have poorer reaction to Cetuximab. So combined inhibition of CCR7 and p-AKT will represent a rational therapeutic strategy for Cetuximab resistance patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Gao
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Anethesiology, Cancer Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jietian Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guodong He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Weiyue Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Qin
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Meiling Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wenju Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chunmin Liang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jingan District Hospital Affiliated to Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, P. R. China
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9
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Giordano G, Remo A, Porras A, Pancione M. Immune Resistance and EGFR Antagonists in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1089. [PMID: 31370270 PMCID: PMC6721348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
: Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) either alone or in combination with chemotherapy in patients with RAS wild type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has revolutionized the treatment of CRC, but with less results than initially envisaged. In recent years, the discovery of multiple pathways leading to the escape from anti-EGFR therapy has revealed an enormous complexity and heterogeneity of human CRC due to the intrinsic genomic instability and immune/cancer cell interaction. Therefore, understanding the mechanistic basis of acquired resistance to targeted therapies represents a major challenge to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with CRC. The latest findings strongly suggest that complex molecular alterations coupled with changes of the immune tumor microenvironment may substantially contribute to the clinical efficacy of EGFR antagonist. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings that contribute to both primary and acquired anti-EGFR therapy resistance. In addition, we analyze how strategies aiming to enhance the favorable effects in the tumor microenvironment may contribute to overcome resistance to EGFR therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Giordano
- U.O.C. Medical Oncology, Ospedali Riuniti, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 251 Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Remo
- Pathology Unit, Mater Salutis Hospital AULSS9, "Scaligera", 37122 Verona, Italy
| | - Almudena Porras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Massimo Pancione
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
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10
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Liquid biopsy for predictive mutational profiling of solid cancer: The pathologist’s perspective. J Biotechnol 2019; 297:66-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Blanco J, Karass M. An editorial on the TAILOR trial-further support for the addition of cetuximab to FOLFOX-4 in the treatment of RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 6:S114. [PMID: 30740435 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Blanco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Michael Karass
- Department of Internal Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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