1
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Iida N, Muranaka Y, Park JW, Sekine S, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Shiraishi Y, Oshima M, Takeda H. Sleeping Beauty transposon mutagenesis in mouse intestinal organoids identifies genes involved in tumor progression and metastasis. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:527-536. [PMID: 38177308 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
To identify genes important for colorectal cancer (CRC) development and metastasis, we established a new metastatic mouse organoid model using Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon mutagenesis. Intestinal organoids derived from mice carrying actively mobilizing SB transposons, an activating KrasG12D, and an inactivating ApcΔ716 allele, were transplanted to immunodeficient mice. While 66.7% of mice developed primary tumors, 7.6% also developed metastatic tumors. Analysis of SB insertion sites in tumors identified numerous candidate cancer genes (CCGs) identified previously in intestinal SB screens performed in vivo, in addition to new CCGs, such as Slit2 and Atxn1. Metastatic tumors from the same mouse were clonally related to each other and to primary tumors, as evidenced by the transposon insertion site. To provide functional validation, we knocked out Slit2, Atxn1, and Cdkn2a in mouse tumor organoids and transplanted to mice. Tumor development was promoted when these gene were knocked out, demonstrating that these are potent tumor suppressors. Cdkn2a knockout cells also metastasized to the liver in 100% of the mice, demonstrating that Cdkn2a loss confers metastatic ability. Our organoid model thus provides a new approach that can be used to understand the evolutionary forces driving CRC metastasis and a rich resource to uncover CCGs promoting CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Iida
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Muranaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Won Park
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kang-won National University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Shigeki Sekine
- Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Neal G Copeland
- Genetics Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nancy A Jenkins
- Genetics Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
- Nano-Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Haruna Takeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
- Cancer genes and genomes unit, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
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2
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Frumento D, Grossi G, Falesiedi M, Musumeci F, Carbone A, Schenone S. Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) for Glioblastoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1398. [PMID: 38338677 PMCID: PMC10855061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, many small molecules, usually characterized by heterocyclic scaffolds, have been designed and synthesized as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Among them, several compounds have been tested at preclinical and clinical levels to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is the most common and aggressive type of cancer originating in the brain and has an unfavorable prognosis, with a median survival of 15-16 months and a 5-year survival rate of 5%. Despite recent advances in treating GBM, it represents an incurable disease associated with treatment resistance and high recurrence rates. For these reasons, there is an urgent need for the development of new pharmacological agents to fight this malignancy. In this review, we reported the compounds published in the last five years, which showed promising activity in GBM preclinical models acting as TKIs. We grouped the compounds based on the targeted kinase: first, we reported receptor TKIs and then, cytoplasmic and peculiar kinase inhibitors. For each small molecule, we included the chemical structure, and we schematized the interaction with the target for some representative compounds with the aim of elucidating the mechanism of action. Finally, we cited the most relevant clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francesca Musumeci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Anna Carbone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (D.F.); (G.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.)
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Teraiya M, Perreault H, Chen VC. An overview of glioblastoma multiforme and temozolomide resistance: can LC-MS-based proteomics reveal the fundamental mechanism of temozolomide resistance? Front Oncol 2023; 13:1166207. [PMID: 37182181 PMCID: PMC10169742 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1166207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary type of lethal brain tumor. Over the last two decades, temozolomide (TMZ) has remained the primary chemotherapy for GBM. However, TMZ resistance in GBM constitutes an underlying factor contributing to high rates of mortality. Despite intense efforts to understand the mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, there is currently a poor understanding of the molecular processes of drug resistance. For TMZ, several mechanisms linked to therapeutic resistance have been proposed. In the past decade, significant progress in the field of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has been made. This review article discusses the molecular drivers of GBM, within the context of TMZ resistance with a particular emphasis on the potential benefits and insights of using global proteomic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Teraiya
- Chemistry Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Helene Perreault
- Chemistry Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vincent C. Chen
- Chemistry Department, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada
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4
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Antibody Profiling and In Silico Functional Analysis of Differentially Reactive Antibody Signatures of Glioblastomas and Meningiomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021411. [PMID: 36674927 PMCID: PMC9866115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on tumor-associated antigens in brain tumors are sparse. There is scope for enhancing our understanding of molecular pathology, in order to improve on existing forms, and discover new forms, of treatment, which could be particularly relevant to immuno-oncological strategies. To elucidate immunological differences, and to provide another level of biological information, we performed antibody profiling, based on a high-density protein array (containing 8173 human transcripts), using IgG isolated from the sera of n = 12 preoperative and n = 16 postoperative glioblastomas, n = 26 preoperative and n = 29 postoperative meningiomas, and n = 27 healthy, cancer-free controls. Differentially reactive antigens were compared to gene expression data from an alternate public GBM data set from OncoDB, and were analyzed using the Reactome pathway browser. Protein array analysis identified approximately 350-800 differentially reactive antigens, and revealed different antigen profiles in the glioblastomas and meningiomas, with approximately 20-30%-similar and 10-15%-similar antigens in preoperative and postoperative sera, respectively. Seroreactivity did not correlate with OncoDB-derived gene expression. Antigens in the preoperative glioblastoma sera were enriched for signaling pathways, such as signaling by Rho-GTPases, COPI-mediated anterograde transport and vesicle-mediated transport, while the infectious disease, SRP-dependent membrane targeting cotranslational proteins were enriched in the meningiomas. The pre-vs. postoperative seroreactivity in the glioblastomas was enriched for antigens, e.g., platelet degranulation and metabolism of lipid pathways; in the meningiomas, the antigens were enriched in infectious diseases, metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, and cell cycle. Antibody profiling in both tumor entities elucidated several hundred antigens and characteristic signaling pathways that may provide new insights into molecular pathology and may be of interest for the development of new treatment strategies.
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5
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Ahmed M, Semreen AM, El-Huneidi W, Bustanji Y, Abu-Gharbieh E, Alqudah MAY, Alhusban A, Shara M, Abuhelwa AY, Soares NC, Semreen MH, Alzoubi KH. Preclinical and Clinical Applications of Metabolomics and Proteomics in Glioblastoma Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010348. [PMID: 36613792 PMCID: PMC9820403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a primary malignancy of the central nervous system that is classified by the WHO as a grade IV astrocytoma. Despite decades of research, several aspects about the biology of GB are still unclear. Its pathogenesis and resistance mechanisms are poorly understood, and methods to optimize patient diagnosis and prognosis remain a bottle neck owing to the heterogeneity of the malignancy. The field of omics has recently gained traction, as it can aid in understanding the dynamic spatiotemporal regulatory network of enzymes and metabolites that allows cancer cells to adjust to their surroundings to promote tumor development. In combination with other omics techniques, proteomic and metabolomic investigations, which are a potent means for examining a variety of metabolic enzymes as well as intermediate metabolites, might offer crucial information in this area. Therefore, this review intends to stress the major contribution these tools have made in GB clinical and preclinical research and highlights the crucial impacts made by the integrative "omics" approach in reducing some of the therapeutic challenges associated with GB research and treatment. Thus, our study can purvey the use of these powerful tools in research by serving as a hub that particularly summarizes studies employing metabolomics and proteomics in the realm of GB diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahlam M. Semreen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Alhusban
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohd Shara
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (M.H.S.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (M.H.S.); (K.H.A.)
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6
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Wei A, Wang L. Prediction of Synaptically Localized RNAs in Human Neurons Using Developmental Brain Gene Expression Data. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081488. [PMID: 36011399 PMCID: PMC9408096 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the nervous system, synapses are special and pervasive structures between axonal and dendritic terminals, which facilitate electrical and chemical communications among neurons. Extensive studies have been conducted in mice and rats to explore the RNA pool at synapses and investigate RNA transport, local protein synthesis, and synaptic plasticity. However, owing to the experimental difficulties of studying human synaptic transcriptomes, the full pool of human synaptic RNAs remains largely unclear. We developed a new machine learning method, called PredSynRNA, to predict the synaptic localization of human RNAs. Training instances of dendritically localized RNAs were compiled from previous rodent studies, overcoming the shortage of empirical instances of human synaptic RNAs. Using RNA sequence and gene expression data as features, various models with different learning algorithms were constructed and evaluated. Strikingly, the models using the developmental brain gene expression features achieved superior performance for predicting synaptically localized RNAs. We examined the relevant expression features learned by PredSynRNA and used an independent test dataset to further validate the model performance. PredSynRNA models were then applied to the prediction and prioritization of candidate RNAs localized to human synapses, providing valuable targets for experimental investigations into neuronal mechanisms and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wei
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Liangjiang Wang
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Center for Human Genetics, Clemson University, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-864-656-0733
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7
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Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B: an emerging group of cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:337. [PMID: 35879279 PMCID: PMC9314375 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (hnRNPA/B) is one of the core members of the RNA binding protein (RBP) hnRNPs family, including four main subtypes, A0, A1, A2/B1 and A3, which share the similar structure and functions. With the advance in understanding the molecular biology of hnRNPA/B, it has been gradually revealed that hnRNPA/B plays a critical role in almost the entire steps of RNA life cycle and its aberrant expression and mutation have important effects on the occurrence and progression of various cancers. This review focuses on the clinical significance of hnRNPA/B in various cancers and systematically summarizes its biological function and molecular mechanisms.
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8
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Approaching Sites of Action of Temozolomide for Pharmacological and Clinical Studies in Glioblastoma. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010001. [PMID: 35052681 PMCID: PMC8772814 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ), together with bulk resection and focal radiotherapy, is currently a standard of care for glioblastoma. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters, together with the mode of action of TMZ, make its biochemical and biological action difficult to understand. Accurate understanding of the mode of action of TMZ and the monitoring of TMZ at its anatomical, cellular, and molecular sites of action (SOAs) would greatly benefit precision medicine and the development of novel therapeutic approaches in combination with TMZ. In the present perspective article, we summarize the known ADME parameters and modes of action of TMZ, and we review the possible methodological options to monitor TMZ at its SOAs. We focus our descriptions of methodologies on mass spectrometry-based approaches, and all related considerations are taken into account regarding the avoidance of artifacts in mass spectrometric analysis during sampling, sample preparation, and the evaluation of results. Finally, we provide an overview of potential applications for precision medicine and drug development.
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9
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Mazarei M, Mohammadi Arvejeh P, Mozafari MR, Khosravian P, Ghasemi S. Anticancer Potential of Temozolomide-Loaded Eudragit-Chitosan Coated Selenium Nanoparticles: In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis and Gene Regulation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1704. [PMID: 34209471 PMCID: PMC8308158 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) is the main cause of death in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The use of nanocarriers for drug delivery applications is one of the known approaches to overcome drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the possible effect of selenium-chitosan nanoparticles loaded with TMZ on the efficacy of TMZ on the expression of MGMT, E2F6, and RELA genes and the rate of apoptosis in the C6 cell line. Selenium nanoparticles (SNPs) were loaded with TMZ and then they were coated by Eudragit® RS100 (Eud) and chitosan (CS) to prepare Se@TMZ/Eud-Cs. Physicochemical properties were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. Se@TMZ/Eud-Cs was evaluated for loading and release of TMZ by spectrophotometric method. Subsequently, SNPs loaded with curcumin (as a fluorophore) were analyzed for in vitro uptake by C6 cells. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay were measured by MTT assay and Annexin-PI methods. Finally, real-time PCR was utilized to determine the expression of MGMT, E2F6, and RELA genes. Se@TMZ/Eud-Cs was prepared with an average size of 200 nm as confirmed by the DLS and microscopical methods. Se@TMZ/Eud-Cs presented 82.77 ± 5.30 loading efficiency with slow and pH-sensitive release kinetics. SNPs loaded with curcumin showed a better uptake performance by C6 cells compared with free curcumin (p-value < 0.01). Coated nanoparticles loaded with TMZ showed higher cytotoxicity, apoptosis (p-value < 0.0001), and down-regulation of MGMT, E2F6, and RELA and lower IC50 value (p-value < 0.0001) than free TMZ and control (p-value < 0.0001) groups. Using Cs as a targeting agent in Se@TMZ/Eud-Cs system improved the possibility for targeted drug delivery to C6 cells. This drug delivery system enhanced the apoptosis rate and decreased the expression of genes related to TMZ resistance. In conclusion, Se@TMZ/Eud-Cs may be an option for the enhancement of TMZ efficiency in GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madineh Mazarei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 88157-13471, Iran; (M.M.); (P.M.A.)
| | - Pooria Mohammadi Arvejeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 88157-13471, Iran; (M.M.); (P.M.A.)
| | - M. R. Mozafari
- Supreme NanoBiotics Co. Ltd. and Supreme Pharmatech Co. Ltd., 399/90-95 Moo 13 Kingkaew Rd. Soi 25/1, T. Rachateva, A. Bangplee, Samutprakan 10540, Thailand;
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative (ANNI), Monash University LPO, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Pegah Khosravian
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 88157-13471, Iran
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 88157-13471, Iran; (M.M.); (P.M.A.)
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10
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The M, Käll L. Triqler for MaxQuant: Enhancing Results from MaxQuant by Bayesian Error Propagation and Integration. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:2062-2068. [PMID: 33661646 PMCID: PMC8041382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Error estimation for differential protein quantification by label-free shotgun proteomics is challenging due to the multitude of error sources, each contributing uncertainty to the final results. We have previously designed a Bayesian model, Triqler, to combine such error terms into one combined quantification error. Here we present an interface for Triqler that takes MaxQuant results as input, allowing quick reanalysis of already processed data. We demonstrate that Triqler outperforms the original processing for a large set of both engineered and clinical/biological relevant data sets. Triqler and its interface to MaxQuant are available as a Python module under an Apache 2.0 license from https://pypi.org/project/triqler/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew The
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München, Emil-Erlenmeyer Forum 5, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Lukas Käll
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology - KTH, Box 1031, 17121 Solna, Sweden
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Rotondo R, Oliva MA, Staffieri S, Castaldo S, Giangaspero F, Arcella A. Implication of Lactucopicrin in Autophagy, Cell Cycle Arrest and Oxidative Stress to Inhibit U87Mg Glioblastoma Cell Growth. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245843. [PMID: 33322048 PMCID: PMC7764785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we propose lactucopicrin (LCTP), a natural sesquiterpene lactone from Lactucavirosa, as a molecule able to control the growth of glioblastoma continuous cell line U87Mg. The IC50 of U87Mg against LCTP revealed a strong cytotoxic effect. Daily administration of LCTP showed a dose and time-dependent reduction of GBM cell growth and viability, also confirmed by inhibition of clonogenic potential and mobility of U87Mg cells. LCTP activated autophagy in U87Mg cells and decreased the phosphorylation of proliferative signals pAKT and pERK. LCTP also induced the cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, confirmed by decrease of CDK2 protein and increase of p53 and p21. LCTP stimulated apoptosis as evidenced by reduction of procaspase 6 and the increase of the cleaved/full-length PARP ratio. The pre-treatment of U87Mg cells with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which reversed its cytotoxic effect, showed the involvement of LCTP in oxidative stress. Finally, LCTP strongly enhanced the sensitivity of U87Mg cells to canonical therapy Temozolomide (TMZ) and synergized with this drug. Altogether, the growth inhibition of U87Mg GBM cells induced by LCTP is the result of several synergic mechanisms, which makes LCTP a promising adjuvant therapy for this complex pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Rotondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Antonietta Oliva
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Sabrina Staffieri
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Salvatore Castaldo
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
- Department of Radiologic, Oncologic and Anatomo Pathological Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Arcella
- I.R.C.C.S Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.S.); (S.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0865-915220
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12
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Ross JA, Ahn BY, King J, Bressler KR, Senger DL, Thakor N. Eukaryotic initiation factor 5B (eIF5B) regulates temozolomide-mediated apoptosis in brain tumour stem cells (BTSCs). Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 98:647-652. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2019-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the deadliest cancers, owing in part to complex inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity and the presence of a population of stem-like cells called brain tumour stem cells (BTSCs/BTICs). These cancer stem cells survive treatment and confer resistance to the current therapies — namely, radiation and the chemotherapeutic, temozolomide (TMZ). TMZ induces cell death by alkylating DNA, and BTSCs resist this mechanism via a robust DNA damage response. Hence, recent studies aimed to sensitize BTSCs to TMZ using combination therapy, such as inhibition of DNA repair machinery. We have previously demonstrated in established GBM cell lines that eukaryotic initiation factor 5B (eIF5B) promotes the translation of pro-survival and anti-apoptotic proteins. Consequently, silencing eIF5B sensitizes these cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. However, established cell lines do not always recapitulate the features of human glioma. Therefore, we investigated this mechanism in patient-derived BTSCs. We show that silencing eIF5B leads to increased TMZ sensitivity in two BTSC lines: BT25 and BT48. Depletion of eIF5B decreases the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins in BT48 and sensitizes these cells to TMZ-induced activation of caspase-3, cleavage of PARP, and apoptosis. We suggest that eIF5B represents a rational target to sensitize GBM tumors to the current standard-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Ross
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bo Young Ahn
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer King
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kamiko R. Bressler
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Donna L. Senger
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Clark H. Smith Brain Tumour Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nehal Thakor
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Lachén-Montes M, Mendizuri N, Ausín K, Pérez-Mediavilla A, Azkargorta M, Iloro I, Elortza F, Kondo H, Ohigashi I, Ferrer I, de la Torre R, Robledo P, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E. Smelling the Dark Proteome: Functional Characterization of PITH Domain-Containing Protein 1 (C1orf128) in Olfactory Metabolism. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:4826-4843. [PMID: 33185454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Human Proteome Project (HPP) consortium aims to functionally characterize the dark proteome. On the basis of the relevance of olfaction in early neurodegeneration, we have analyzed the dark proteome using data mining in public resources and omics data sets derived from the human olfactory system. Multiple dark proteins localize at synaptic terminals and may be involved in amyloidopathies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have characterized the dark PITH domain-containing protein 1 (PITHD1) in olfactory metabolism using bioinformatics, proteomics, in vitro and in vivo studies, and neuropathology. PITHD1-/- mice exhibit olfactory bulb (OB) proteome changes related to synaptic transmission, cognition, and memory. OB PITHD1 expression increases with age in wild-type (WT) mice and decreases in Tg2576 AD mice at late stages. The analysis across 6 neurological disorders reveals that olfactory tract (OT) PITHD1 is specifically upregulated in human AD. Stimulation of olfactory neuroepithelial (ON) cells with PITHD1 alters the ON phosphoproteome, modifies the proliferation rate, and induces a pro-inflammatory phenotype. This workflow applied by the Spanish C-HPP and Human Brain Proteome Project (HBPP) teams across the ON-OB-OT axis can be adapted as a guidance to decipher functional features of dark proteins. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD018784 and PXD021634.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Lachén-Montes
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Naroa Mendizuri
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karina Ausín
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alberto Pérez-Mediavilla
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Neurobiology of Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Neurosciences Division, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Ibon Iloro
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Felix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Hiroyuki Kondo
- Division of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Izumi Ohigashi
- Division of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (CEXS-UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), CIBEROBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Robledo
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (CEXS-UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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14
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Amano N, Matsumoto K, Shimizu Y, Nakamura M, Tsumura H, Ishii D, Sato Y, Iwamura M. High HNRNPA3 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in patients treated with radical cystectomy. Urol Oncol 2020; 39:196.e1-196.e7. [PMID: 33160845 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to identify heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 (HNRNPA3) expression in bladder cancer and its relationship to clinicopathological findings and prognosis. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining for HNRNPA3 was performed on 122 archived radical cystectomy specimens, with immunoreactivity being stratified on a 0 to 3 scale. The percentage of HNRNPA3 expressing tumor cells was calculated and multiplied by the staining score over an average of 5 areas to obtain a semiquantitative H-score (maximum value: 300). HNRNPA3 expression was categorized as high (≥80) or low (<80). RESULTS The patients' median age was 70 years, and the median follow-up period was 39.4 months. High HNRNPA3 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P= 0.014) and S100A8, S100A9 and uroplakin III expression (P= 0.028, 0.002, and 0.047, respectively). Log-rank tests indicated that high HNRNPA3 expression was significantly associated with disease progression and cancer-specific death (P= 0.013 and 0.006, respectively). In the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, only lymph node metastasis was associated with disease progression and cancer-specific survival. CONCLUSION HNRNPA3 may be a new biomarker to predict biologically aggressive cancers and determine the appropriate treatment modality in patients after radical cystectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Amano
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Yuriko Shimizu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Marie Nakamura
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hideyasu Tsumura
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishii
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Iwamura
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
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15
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Gulliver C, Hoffmann R, Baillie GS. The enigmatic helicase DHX9 and its association with the hallmarks of cancer. Future Sci OA 2020; 7:FSO650. [PMID: 33437516 PMCID: PMC7787180 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2020-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Much interest has been expended lately in characterizing the association between DExH-Box helicase 9 (DHX9) dysregulation and malignant development, however, the enigmatic nature of DHX9 has caused conflict as to whether it regularly functions as an oncogene or tumor suppressor. The impact of DHX9 on malignancy appears to be cell-type specific, dependent upon the availability of binding partners and activation of inter-connected signaling pathways. Realization of DHX9's pivotal role in the development of several hallmarks of cancer has boosted the enzyme's potential as a cancer biomarker and therapeutic target, opening up novel avenues for exploring DHX9 in precision medicine applications. Our review discusses the ascribed functions of DHX9 in cancer, explores its enigmatic nature and potential as an antineoplastic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Gulliver
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Science, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Science, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Philips Research Europe, High Tech Campus, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - George S Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Science, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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16
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Goker Bagca B, Ozates NP, Asik A, Caglar HO, Gunduz C, Biray Avci C. Temozolomide treatment combined with AZD3463 shows synergistic effect in glioblastoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:1497-1504. [PMID: 33109342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is used in the standard therapy regimen for patients with glioblastoma (GBM). However, some GBM patients do not respond to TMZ therapy. The combining therapeutic agents in GBM treatment are attracting considerable interest due to TMZ resistance. This study aims to identify the combinatorial effect of TMZ and AZD3463 on the viability of the T98G GBM cells. The cytotoxic effects of compounds were determined by using WST-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine apoptosis and cell cycle profiles after treatments. Real-time PCR was used to identify mRNA expression of genes in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway after treatments. IC50 concentrations of TMZ and AZD3463 were found to be 1.54 mM and 529 nM after incubation for 48 h, respectively. The combination treatment showed a synergistic effect on reducing the viability of GBM cells. Each one of TMZ, AZD3463, and combination treatments induced apoptosis. Treatments, either alone or the combination of these agents, caused the cell cycle arrest in distinct phases. TMZ and AZD3463 treatments, either alone or in combination, downregulated mRNA expression of genes in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The combination of TMZ with AZD3463 may increase the efficacy of single TMZ treatment in GBM cells due to decreased expression of genes in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway that is responsible for drug resistance and intratumoral heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakiye Goker Bagca
- Ege University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Pinar Ozates
- Ege University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aycan Asik
- Ege University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Onur Caglar
- Ege University, Health Science Institute, Department of Stem Cell, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Gunduz
- Ege University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cigir Biray Avci
- Ege University, Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Bornova, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
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17
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Morimachi M, Hirabayashi K, Takanashi Y, Kawanishi A, Saika T, Ueyama Y, Nakagohri T, Nakamura N, Suzuki H, Kagawa T. Low expression of DDX5 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Clin Pathol 2020; 74:741-745. [PMID: 33097588 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal malignancies. Hence, there is a need for new markers and treatment strategies. P68/DEAD box protein 5 (DDX5) is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD box protein family. It is a prognostic marker for several cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and clinical relevance of DDX5 in PDAC. METHODS DDX5 expression in tissue microarray blocks containing 230 PDAC samples was examined using immunohistochemical analysis. DDX5 expression was considered high when more than 50% of the cells were stained and low when less than 50% of the cells were stained. We investigated the association between DDX5 expression and clinicopathological parameters, including patient survival. RESULTS The nuclei of normal pancreatic ducts, normal acinar cells and PDAC cells were stained positive for DDX5 although the intensity and distribution of DDX5 expression varied. Islet cells showed strong and diffuse staining of DDX5. DDX5 expression was low and high in 148 (64.3%) and 82 cases (35.7%), respectively. Low DDX5 expression was significantly associated with an advanced pT factor (pT2-pT3: tumour size,>20 mm), lymphatic involvement, advanced tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (stages IIB, III, and IV), and venous involvement. In addition, the multivariate analysis revealed that DDX5 expression is an independent prognostic factor for PDAC. CONCLUSION These results suggest that DDX5 plays an important role in tumour invasiveness and PDAC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Morimachi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Hirabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yumi Takanashi
- Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Aya Kawanishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Saika
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yumiko Ueyama
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Nakagohri
- Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoya Nakamura
- Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatehiro Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
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18
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Cai HQ, Liu AS, Zhang MJ, Liu HJ, Meng XL, Qian HP, Wan JH. Identifying Predictive Gene Expression and Signature Related to Temozolomide Sensitivity of Glioblastomas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:669. [PMID: 32528873 PMCID: PMC7258082 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is considered a standard chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma (GBM). Characterizing the biological molecules and signaling pathways involved in TMZ sensitivity would be helpful for selecting therapeutic schemes and evaluating prognosis for GBM. Thus, in the present study, we selected 34 glioma cell lines paired with specific IC50 values of TMZ obtained from CancerRxGene and RNA-seq data downloaded from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia to identify genes related to TMZ sensitivity. The results showed that 1,373 genes were related to the response of GBM cells to TMZ. Biological function analysis indicated that epithelial–mesenchymal transition, Wnt signaling, and immune response were the most significantly activated functions in TMZ-resistant cell lines. Additionally, negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase was enriched in TMZ-sensitive glioma cell lines. We also preliminarily observed a synergistic effect of combination treatment comprising TMZ and a telomerase inhibitor in vitro. We identified six genes (MROH8, BET1, PTPRN2, STC1, NKX3-1, and ARMC10) using the random survival forests variable hunting algorithm based on the minimum error rate of the gene combination and constructed a gene expression signature. The signature was strongly related to GBM clinical characteristics and exhibited good prognosis accuracy for both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) datasets. Patients in the high score group had a shorter survival time than those in the low score group (11.2 vs. 22.2 months, hazard ratio = 7.31, p = 4.59e−11) of the TCGA dataset. The CGGA dataset was selected as a validation group with 40 patients in the high score set and 43 patients in the low score set (12.5 vs. 28.8 months, hazard ratio = 3.42, p = 8.61e−5). Moreover, the signature showed a better prognostic value than MGMT promoter methylation in both datasets. We also developed a nomogram for clinical use that integrated the TMZ response signature and four other risk factors to individually predict patient survival after TMZ chemotherapy. Overall, our study provides promising therapeutic targets and potential guidance for adjuvant therapy of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ang-Si Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hou-Jie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Li Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Peng Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Hai Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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19
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Uysal-Onganer P, MacLatchy A, Mahmoud R, Kraev I, Thompson PR, Inal JM, Lange S. Peptidylarginine Deiminase Isozyme-Specific PAD2, PAD3 and PAD4 Inhibitors Differentially Modulate Extracellular Vesicle Signatures and Cell Invasion in Two Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041495. [PMID: 32098295 PMCID: PMC7073130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive adult brain tumour with poor prognosis. Roles for peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) in GBM have recently been highlighted. Here, two GBM cell lines were treated with PAD2, PAD3 and PAD4 isozyme-specific inhibitors. Effects were assessed on extracellular vesicle (EV) signatures, including EV-microRNA cargo (miR21, miR126 and miR210), and on changes in cellular protein expression relevant for mitochondrial housekeeping (prohibitin (PHB)) and cancer progression (stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM-1) and moesin), as well as assessing cell invasion. Overall, GBM cell-line specific differences for the three PAD isozyme-specific inhibitors were observed on modulation of EV-signatures, PHB, STIM-1 and moesin protein levels, as well as on cell invasion. The PAD3 inhibitor was most effective in modulating EVs to anti-oncogenic signatures (reduced miR21 and miR210, and elevated miR126), to reduce cell invasion and to modulate protein expression of pro-GBM proteins in LN229 cells, while the PAD2 and PAD4 inhibitors were more effective in LN18 cells. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for deiminated proteins relating to cancer, metabolism and inflammation differed between the two GBM cell lines. Our findings highlight roles for the different PAD isozymes in the heterogeneity of GBM tumours and the potential for tailored PAD-isozyme specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Uysal-Onganer
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK;
| | - Amy MacLatchy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK; (A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Rayan Mahmoud
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK; (A.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Igor Kraev
- Electron Microscopy Suite, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK;
| | - Paul R. Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
| | - Jameel M. Inal
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK;
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)207-911-5000 (ext. 64832)
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20
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Ghantasala S, Gollapalli K, Epari S, Moiyadi A, Srivastava S. Glioma tumor proteomics: clinically useful protein biomarkers and future perspectives. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:221-232. [PMID: 32067544 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1731310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite being rare cancers, gliomas account for a significant number of cancer-related deaths. Identification and treatment of these tumors at an early stage would greatly improve the therapeutic outcomes. There is an urgent need for diagnostic and prognostic markers, which can identify disease early and discriminate the subtypes of these tumors thereby improving the existing treatment modalities.Areas covered: In this article, we have reviewed published literature on proteomics biomarkers for gliomas and their importance in diagnosis or prognosis. Proteomic studies for the discovery of protein, autoantibody biomarkers, and biological pathway alterations in serum, CSF and tumor biopsies have been discussed in this review.Expert opinion: The rapid development in the field of mass spectrometry and increased sensitivity and reproducibility in assays has led to the identification and quantification of large number of proteins very precisely. Though genomic markers are the prime focus in the classification of gliomas, incorporating protein markers would further improve the existing classification. In this regard, data mining and studies on large cohorts of glioma patients would help in the identification of diagnostic and prognostic markers ultimately translating to the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saicharan Ghantasala
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Kishore Gollapalli
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.,Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology & Disease, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sridhar Epari
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Aliasgar Moiyadi
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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21
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Teixeira FC, Bruxel F, Azambuja JH, Berenguer AM, Stefani MA, Sévigny J, Spanevello RM, Battastini AMO, Teixeira HF, Braganhol E. Development and characterization of CD73-siRNA-loaded nanoemulsion: effect on C6 glioma cells and primary astrocytes. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 25:408-415. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1705485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C. Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, UFPEL, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bruxel
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Nanobiotecnologia e Nanotoxicologia, UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Juliana H. Azambuja
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, UFPEL, Pelotas, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Marco A. Stefani
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Département de microbiologie-infectiologie et d’immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Roselia M. Spanevello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, UFPEL, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ana M. O. Battastini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Helder F. Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, UFPEL, Pelotas, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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22
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Manfredi M, Brandi J, Di Carlo C, Vita Vanella V, Barberis E, Marengo E, Patrone M, Cecconi D. Mining cancer biology through bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:733-747. [PMID: 31398064 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1654862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Discovery proteomics for cancer research generates complex datasets of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance in human cancer. With the advent of high-resolution mass spectrometers, able to identify thousands of proteins in complex biological samples, only the application of bioinformatics can lead to the interpretation of data which can be relevant for cancer research. Areas covered: Here, we give an overview of the current bioinformatic tools used in cancer proteomics. Moreover, we describe their applications in cancer proteomics studies of cell lines, serum, and tissues, highlighting recent results and critically evaluating their outcomes. Expert opinion: The use of bioinformatic tools is a fundamental step in order to manage the large amount of proteins (from hundreds to thousands) that can be identified and quantified in a cancer biological samples by proteomics. To handle this challenge and obtain useful data for translational medicine, it is important the combined use of different bioinformatic tools. Moreover, a particular attention to the global experimental design, and the integration of multidisciplinary skills are essential for best setting of tool parameters and best interpretation of bioinformatics output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Manfredi
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Translation Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy
| | - Jessica Brandi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Claudia Di Carlo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Virginia Vita Vanella
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy
| | - Elettra Barberis
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy.,ISALIT , Novara , Italy
| | - Emilio Marengo
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy.,ISALIT , Novara , Italy
| | - Mauro Patrone
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
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23
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Chai RC, Li YM, Zhang KN, Chang YZ, Liu YQ, Zhao Z, Wang ZL, Chang YH, Li GZ, Wang KY, Wu F, Wang YZ. RNA processing genes characterize RNA splicing and further stratify lower-grade glioma. JCI Insight 2019; 5:130591. [PMID: 31408440 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant expression of RNA processing genes may drive the alterative RNA profile in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). Thus, we aimed to further stratify LGGs based on the expression of RNA processing genes. METHODS This study included 446 LGGs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, training set) and 171 LGGs from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA, validation set). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression algorithm was conducted to develop a risk-signature. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to study the prognosis value of the risk-signature. RESULTS Among the tested 784 RNA processing genes, 276 were significantly correlated with the OS of LGGs. Further LASSO Cox regression identified a 19-gene risk-signature, whose risk score was also an independently prognosis factor (P<0.0001, multiplex Cox regression) in the validation dataset. The signature had better prognostic value than the traditional factors "age", "grade" and "WHO 2016 classification" for 3- and 5-year survival both two datasets (AUCs > 85%). Importantly, the risk-signature could further stratify the survival of LGGs in specific subgroups of WHO 2016 classification. Furthermore, alternative splicing events for genes such as EGFR and FGFR were found to be associated with the risk score. mRNA expression levels for genes, which participated in cell proliferation and other processes, were significantly correlated to the risk score. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the role of RNA processing genes for further stratifying the survival of patients with LGGs and provide insight into the alternative splicing events underlying this role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chao Chai
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases and
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Nan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qing Liu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Wang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Hao Chang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Guan-Zhang Li
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Kuan-Yu Wang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Wang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases and.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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24
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Cruz-Rivera YE, Perez-Morales J, Santiago YM, Gonzalez VM, Morales L, Cabrera-Rios M, Isaza CE. A Selection of Important Genes and Their Correlated Behavior in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 65:193-205. [PMID: 30040709 PMCID: PMC6087431 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In 2017, approximately 5 million Americans were living with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and it is estimated that by 2050 this number could increase to 16 million. In this study, we apply mathematical optimization to approach microarray analysis to detect differentially expressed genes and determine the most correlated structure among their expression changes. The analysis of GSE4757 microarray dataset, which compares expression between AD neurons without neurofibrillary tangles (controls) and with neurofibrillary tangles (cases), was casted as a multiple criteria optimization (MCO) problem. Through the analysis it was possible to determine a series of Pareto efficient frontiers to find the most differentially expressed genes, which are here proposed as potential AD biomarkers. The Traveling Sales Problem (TSP) model was used to find the cyclical path of maximal correlation between the expression changes among the genes deemed important from the previous stage. This leads to a structure capable of guiding biological exploration with enhanced precision and repeatability. Ten genes were selected (FTL, GFAP, HNRNPA3, COX1, ND2, ND3, ND4, NUCKS1, RPL41, and RPS10) and their most correlated cyclic structure was found in our analyses. The biological functions of their products were found to be linked to inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases and some of them had not been reported for AD before. The TSP path connects genes coding for mitochondrial electron transfer proteins. Some of these proteins are closely related to other electron transport proteins already reported as important for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazeli E Cruz-Rivera
- The Applied Optimization Group/Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Jaileene Perez-Morales
- Department of Basic Science-Biochemistry Division, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Yaritza M Santiago
- The Applied Optimization Group/Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Valerie M Gonzalez
- The Applied Optimization Group/Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Luisa Morales
- Public Health Program, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Mauricio Cabrera-Rios
- The Applied Optimization Group/Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
| | - Clara E Isaza
- The Applied Optimization Group/Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.,Public Health Program, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
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25
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LncRNA CASC7 inhibits the progression of glioma via regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:564-570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Towner RA, Smith N, Saunders D, Brown CA, Cai X, Ziegler J, Mallory S, Dozmorov MG, Coutinho De Souza P, Wiley G, Kim K, Kang S, Kong DS, Kim YT, Fung KM, Wren JD, Battiste J. OKN-007 Increases temozolomide (TMZ) Sensitivity and Suppresses TMZ-Resistant Glioblastoma (GBM) Tumor Growth. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:320-335. [PMID: 30468988 PMCID: PMC6251232 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) remains a challenge using conventional chemotherapy, such as temozolomide (TMZ), and is often ineffective as a result of drug resistance. We have assessed a novel nitrone-based agent, OKN-007, and found it to be effective in decreasing tumor volumes and increasing survival in orthotopic GBM xenografts by decreasing cell proliferation and angiogenesis and increasing apoptosis. In this study, we assessed combining OKN-007 with TMZ in vivo in a human G55 GBM orthotopic xenograft model and in vitro in TMZ-resistant and TMZ-sensitive human GBM cell lines. For the in vivo studies, magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess tumor growth and vascular alterations. Percent animal survival was also determined. For the in vitro studies, cell growth, IC50 values, RNA-seq, RT-PCR, and ELISA were used to assess growth inhibition, possible mechanism-of actions (MOAs) associated with combined OKN-007 + TMZ versus TMZ alone, and gene and protein expression levels, respectively. Microarray analysis of OKN-007-treated rat F98 glioma tumors was also carried out to determine possible MOAs of OKN-007 in glioma-bearing animals either treated or not treated with OKN-007. OKN-007 seems to elicit its effect on GBM tumors via inhibition of tumorigenic TGF-β1, which affects the extracellular matrix. When combined with TMZ, OKN-007 significantly increases percent survival, decreases tumor volumes, and normalizes tumor blood vasculature in vivo compared to untreated tumors and seems to affect TMZ-resistant GBM cells possibly via IDO-1, SUMO2, and PFN1 in vitro. Combined OKN-007 + TMZ may be a potentially potent treatment strategy for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rheal A Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Nataliya Smith
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Debra Saunders
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Chase A Brown
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Xue Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jadith Ziegler
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Graham Wiley
- Clinical Genomics Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kyeongsoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea; Oblato, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Doo-Sik Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kar-Ming Fung
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - James Battiste
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of NeurologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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27
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Imaging and Histopathologic Nuances of Epithelioid Glioblastoma. Case Rep Surg 2018; 2018:1285729. [PMID: 29951334 PMCID: PMC5987230 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1285729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A 27-year-old male without significant past medical history presented following collapse resulting from a syncopal episode at work. There was an episode of vomiting, and one of tonic-clonic seizure activity, which was spontaneously resolved after approximately one minute. His neurologic exam was nonfocal, with full strength in the bilateral upper and lower extremities, and no sensory deficits were elicited. MRI studies demonstrated a 4.7 cm rim-enhancing cystic mass in the right temporal-parietal region, with resultant mass effect and edema. At surgery, intraoperative pathologic consultation favoured a primary glial neoplasm. Subsequent complete histologic examination on permanent sections confirmed the presence of glioblastoma, with a morphologic pattern and immunohistochemical profile most consistent with epithelioid glioblastoma (WHO grade IV). Epithelioid glioblastoma is a rare, especially aggressive variant of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma, recognized in the 2016 World Health Organization classification. Approximately 50% of such tumors harbour the BRAF V600E mutation, which has also been observed in some melanomas where selective inhibitors have demonstrated a therapeutic role. The especially aggressive behaviour and poor clinical outcome typically observed for this variant of glioblastoma demonstrate the importance of emerging areas relevant to neurooncology, specifically those of proteomic characterization and therapeutic nanomedicine.
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