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Zeng YX, He YH, Jiang Y, Jia F, Zhao ZT, Wang XF. Minimally invasive endoscopic repair of rectovaginal fistula. World J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 14:1049-1059. [PMID: 36185557 PMCID: PMC9521462 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i9.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical techniques for repair of rectovaginal fistula (RVF) have been continually developed, but the ideal procedure remains unclear. Endoscopic repair is a novel and minimally invasive technique for RVF repair with increasing reporting.
AIM To review the current applications and preliminary outcomes of this technique for RVF repair, aiming to give surgeons an alternative in clinical practice.
METHODS Available articles were searched according to the search strategy. And the sample size, fistula etiology, fistula type, endoscopic repair approaches, operative time and hospital stay, follow-up period, complication and life quality assessment were selected for recording and further analysis.
RESULTS A total of 11 articles were eventually identified, involving 71 patients with RVFs who had undergone endoscopic repair. The principal causes of RVFs were surgery (n = 51, 71.8%), followed by obstetrics (n = 7, 9.8%), inflammatory bowel disease (n = 5, 7.0%), congenital (n = 3, 4.2%), trauma (n = 2, 2.8%), radiation (n = 1, 1.4%), and in two patients, the cause was unclear. Most fistulas were in a mid or low position. Several endoscopic repair methods were included, namely transanal endoscopic microsurgery, endoscopic clipping, and endoscopic stenting. Most patients underwent > 1-year follow-up, and the success rate was 40%-93%, and all cases reported successful closure. Few complications were mentioned, while postoperative quality of life assessment was only mentioned in one study.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, endoscopic repair of RVF is novel, minimally invasive and promising with acceptable preliminary effectiveness. Given its unique advantages, endoscopic repair can be an alternative technique for surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xian Zeng
- Department of Proctology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ying-Hua He
- Department of Proctology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Department of Proctology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Proctology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zi-Ting Zhao
- Department of Proctology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Proctology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Meyer J, Ris F, Parkes M, Davies J. Rectovaginal Fistula in Crohn's Disease: When and How to Operate? Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2022; 35:10-20. [PMID: 35069026 PMCID: PMC8763467 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Rectovaginal fistula (RVF) occurring during the course of Crohn's disease (CD) constitutes a therapeutic challenge and is characterized by a high rate of recurrence. To optimize the outcome of CD-related RVF repair, the best conditions for correct healing should be obtained. Remission of CD should be achieved with no active proctitis, the perianal CD activity should be minimized, and local septic complications should be controlled. The objective of surgical repair is to close the fistula tract with minimal recurrence and functional disturbance. Several therapeutic strategies exist and the approach should be tailored to the anatomy of the RVF and the quality of the local supporting tissues. Herein, we review the medical and surgical management of CD-related RVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Meyer
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland,Medical School, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Ris
- Division of Digestive Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland,Medical School, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Miles Parkes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Davies
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom,Address for correspondence Richard Justin Davies, MChir Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridge CB2 0QQUnited Kingdom
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Bensardi FZ, Kabura S, Layla E, El Bakouri A, Bouali M, El Hattabi K, Fadil A. Bartholin's gland abscess a rare cause of rectovaginal fistula: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 86:106344. [PMID: 34500248 PMCID: PMC8429961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rectovaginal fistula (RVF) is an abnormal communication between the vagina and the rectum. RVFs caused by Bartholin's gland infection are very rare. We present the case of recurrent rectovaginal fistula complicating a bartholin's gland abcess successfully treated with a Martius flap. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the possibility of complication of bartholin's gland infection by a rectovaginal fistula and the efficacy of Martius flap procedure for recurrent RVF of the low third part of the vagina. Observation It is a 30-year-old woman admitted to our department for recurrent RVF due to an abscess of the Bartholin's glands. She was previously treated with a vaginal advancement flap which failed with persistence of the fistula and its symptoms. The patient underwent a RVF repair by Martius flap with complete healing of the fistula. Discussion Rectovaginal fistula is a complex pathology with psycho-social, individual, family, religious and ethno-environmental repercussions. Its main aetiologies are obstetric, rectal surgery. Several techniques including the vaginal or anal advancement flap and the Martius flap are used for the treatment of rectovaginal fistulas. For recurrent fistulas, the Martius flap seems to be the most indicated with better results. Conclusion Rectovaginal fistula remain a challenge for surgeons and have major psycho-socio-economic repercussions for the patient. The complication of Bartholin's gland infection by rectovaginal fistula is rare. The Martius flap technique is the method of choice for recurrent rectovaginal fistulas of the lower third of the vagina or in association with other pathologies. Recovaginal fistula is a challenge for surgeons. The rectovaginale fistula due to Bartholin’s gland abcess is very rare Care must be taken during the management of this pathology which affetcs 2% of women during their life for avoiding that complication The Martius flap is the method of choice for the treatment of rectovaginale fistula of the low third inferior part of the vagina
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Affiliation(s)
- F Z Bensardi
- Service of Emergency of the Visceral Surgery, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre, Morocco; Hassan II University of Casablanca, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Morocco; Department of Surgery, Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital Centre, Morocco
| | - S Kabura
- Service of Emergency of the Visceral Surgery, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre, Morocco; Hassan II University of Casablanca, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Morocco; Department of Surgery, Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital Centre, Morocco
| | - ElAttar Layla
- Service of Emergency of the Visceral Surgery, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre, Morocco; Hassan II University of Casablanca, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Morocco; Department of Surgery, Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital Centre, Morocco
| | - A El Bakouri
- Service of Emergency of the Visceral Surgery, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre, Morocco; Hassan II University of Casablanca, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Morocco; Department of Surgery, Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital Centre, Morocco
| | - M Bouali
- Service of Emergency of the Visceral Surgery, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre, Morocco; Hassan II University of Casablanca, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Morocco; Department of Surgery, Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital Centre, Morocco
| | - K El Hattabi
- Service of Emergency of the Visceral Surgery, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre, Morocco; Hassan II University of Casablanca, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Morocco; Department of Surgery, Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital Centre, Morocco
| | - A Fadil
- Service of Emergency of the Visceral Surgery, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Centre, Morocco; Hassan II University of Casablanca, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Morocco; Department of Surgery, Ibn Rochd-Casablanca University Hospital Centre, Morocco
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Nikolic M, Stift A, Reinisch W, Vogelsang H, Matic A, Müller C, von Strauss Und Torney M, Riss S. Allogeneic expanded adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of rectovaginal fistulas in Crohn's disease. Colorectal Dis 2021; 23:153-158. [PMID: 32810356 PMCID: PMC7891611 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Crohn's disease (CD)-related rectovaginal fistulas (RVFs) are rare, challenging to treat and associated with a high morbidity. Due to a significant lack of data, we aimed to analyse the safety and feasibility of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in the treatment of CD-related RVF. METHOD Four consecutive patients with CD-related RVF underwent treatment with expanded allogeneic ASCs extracted from a healthy donor in a tertiary referral centre in 2019. None of the patients had an intestinal diversion at the time of the treatment. Follow-up was performed 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS The median operation time was 45 min with a median hospital stay of 3 days. No intra-operative complications occurred. Three patients (75%) developed recurrent RVF after a median follow-up of 19 days. Two patients required surgical treatment including loose seton drainage due to discharge and pain. One patient developed recurrence of symptoms after 10 days, but refused further surgical therapy. Only one patient (25%) showed healing of the RVF, with re-epithelialization of both the vaginal and rectal opening and absence of clinical symptoms. CONCLUSION Expanded allogeneic ASC therapy represents a novel safe treatment option for CD-associated RVF. Although efficacy appears limited, further controlled studies are required to draw robust conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nikolic
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Stift
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Reinisch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Vogelsang
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Matic
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Müller
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M von Strauss Und Torney
- Department of Visceral Surgery, St Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Clarunis University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Riss
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Fu J, Liang Z, Zhu Y, Cui L, Chen W. Surgical repair of rectovaginal fistulas: predictors of fistula closure. Int Urogynecol J 2019; 30:1659-1665. [PMID: 31468097 PMCID: PMC6795627 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-019-04082-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis We report the clinical outcome of surgical repair for rectovaginal fistula (RVF) carried out by one operative team. We also investigate the predictive factors for fistula healing. Methods A retrospective cohort of 63 patients underwent local surgical repair of RVF during January 2008 and December 2017 by one operative group. The clinical features of the patients were reviewed. The association between fistula closure and diverse clinical parameters, including operative method, fistula location, prior repair, and diverting stoma, was analyzed. Results Sixty-three consecutive patients underwent 80 local surgical repairs by our surgical team. Forty-five patients eventually healed after an average of 1.22 procedures. The overall success rate per procedure was 71.2%, whereas the closure rate of the first operation was 55.5% (n = 35). The etiology of the fistula did not impact on the success rate of surgical repair. The history of prior repair predicted a lower success rate on both overall procedure (RR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.41–0.85, p = 0.008) and the first repair in our institution (RR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.31–0.80, p = 0.003). There was no difference in closure rate between the stoma group and the non-stoma group. Nevertheless, among the 15 patients who underwent more than one operation in our center, a diverting stoma seemed to be necessary (10 patients healed in the stoma group and none of the patients healed in the non-stoma group, p = 0.02). Conclusions History of prior surgical repair is a risk factor for failure. Diverting stoma did not increase the overall closure rate, but it seemed to be necessary for patients in whom the first operation failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Fu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhonglin Liang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yilian Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Long Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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