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Wang K, Cheng Z, Qiao D, Xie F, Zhao S, Zhang B. Polysaccharide-dextrin thickened fluids for individuals with dysphagia: recent advances in flow behaviors and swallowing assessment methods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38556920 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2330711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The global aging population has brought about a pressing health concern: dysphagia. To effectively address this issue, we must develop specialized diets, such as thickened fluids made with polysaccharide-dextrin (e.g., water, milk, juices, and soups), which are crucial for managing swallowing-related problems like aspiration and choking for people with dysphagia. Understanding the flow behaviors of these thickened fluids is paramount, and it enables us to establish methods for evaluating their suitability for individuals with dysphagia. This review focuses on the shear and extensional flow properties (e.g., viscosity, yield stress, and viscoelasticity) and tribology (e.g., coefficient of friction) of polysaccharide-dextrin-based thickened fluids and highlights how dextrin inclusion influences fluid flow behaviors considering molecular interactions and chain dynamics. The flow behaviors can be integrated into the development of diverse evaluation methods that assess aspects such as flow velocity, risk of aspiration, and remaining fluid volume. In this context, the key in-vivo (e.g., clinical examination and animal model), in-vitro (e.g., the Cambridge Throat), and in-silico (e.g., Hamiltonian moving particles semi-implicit) evaluation methods are summarized. In addition, we explore the potential for establishing realistic assessment methods to evaluate the swallowing performance of thickened fluids, offering promising prospects for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongling Qiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengwei Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Siming Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Binjia Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Kim HN, Kim JY. A Systematic Review of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Models in Rodents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094987. [PMID: 34067192 PMCID: PMC8125817 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a condition characterized by swallowing difficulty in the mouth and pharynx, which can be due to various factors. Animal models of oropharyngeal dysphagia are essential to confirm the cause-specific symptoms, pathological findings, and the effect of treatment. Recently, various animal models of dysphagia have been reported. The purpose of this review is to organize the rodent models of oropharyngeal dysphagia reported to date. The articles were obtained from Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library, and selected following the PRISMA guideline. The animal models in which oropharyngeal dysphagia was induced in rats or mice were selected and classified based on the diseases causing oropharyngeal dysphagia. The animal used, method of inducing dysphagia, and screening methods and results were collected from the selected 37 articles. Various rodent models of oropharyngeal dysphagia provide distinctive information on atypical swallowing. Applying and analyzing the treatment in rodent models of dysphagia induced from various causes is an essential process to develop symptom-specific treatments. Therefore, the results of this study provide fundamental and important data for selecting appropriate animal models to study dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Na Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea;
| | - Ji-Youn Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-820-4376
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El-Gamal M, Salama M, Collins-Praino LE, Baetu I, Fathalla AM, Soliman AM, Mohamed W, Moustafa AA. Neurotoxin-Induced Rodent Models of Parkinson's Disease: Benefits and Drawbacks. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:897-923. [PMID: 33765237 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by cardinal motor impairments, including akinesia and tremor, as well as by a host of non-motor symptoms, including both autonomic and cognitive dysfunction. PD is associated with a death of nigral dopaminergic neurons, as well as the pathological spread of Lewy bodies, consisting predominantly of the misfolded protein alpha-synuclein. To date, only symptomatic treatments, such as levodopa, are available, and trials aiming to cure the disease, or at least halt its progression, have not been successful. Wong et al. (2019) suggested that the lack of effective therapy against neurodegeneration in PD might be attributed to the fact that the molecular mechanisms standing behind the dopaminergic neuronal vulnerability are still a major scientific challenge. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is critical for developing effective therapy. Thirty-five years ago, Calne and William Langston (1983) raised the question of whether biological or environmental factors precipitate the development of PD. In spite of great advances in technology and medicine, this question still lacks a clear answer. Only 5-15% of PD cases are attributed to a genetic mutation, with the majority of cases classified as idiopathic, which could be linked to exposure to environmental contaminants. Rodent models play a crucial role in understanding the risk factors and pathogenesis of PD. Additionally, well-validated rodent models are critical for driving the preclinical development of clinically translatable treatment options. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms, similarities and differences, as well as advantages and limitations of different neurotoxin-induced rat models of PD. In the second part of this review, we will discuss the potential future of neurotoxin-induced models of PD. Finally, we will briefly demonstrate the crucial role of gene-environment interactions in PD and discuss fusion or dual PD models. We argue that these models have the potential to significantly further our understanding of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Gamal
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. .,Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Ahmed M Fathalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amira M Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wael Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Basic Medical Science, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology and Marcs Institute for Brain and Behaviour, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Chemmarappally JM, Pegram HCN, Abeywickrama N, Fornari E, Hargreaves AJ, De Girolamo LA, Stevens B. A co-culture nanofibre scaffold model of neural cell degeneration in relevance to Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2767. [PMID: 32066745 PMCID: PMC7026118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) aim to delay progression or replace damaged neurons by restoring the original neuronal structures. The poor regenerative capacity of neural tissue highlights the need for the development of cellular environments to model the pathogenesis of PD. In the current work, we have characterised the growth, survival and response to PD mimetics of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and U-87MG glioblastoma cell lines cultured on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Jeffamine® doped polyacrylonitrile (PJ) nano-scaffolds. Differentiation induced by a range of agents was evaluated by immunoassays of neural protein biomarkers. PAN and PJ nanofibre scaffolds provided suitable three-dimensional (3D) environment to support the growth, differentiation and network formation of dopaminergic neuron- and astrocyte-like cell populations, respectively. The scaffolds selectively supported the survival and differentiation of both cell populations with prolonged neuronal survival when exposed to PD mimetics in the presence of astrocytes in a co-culture model. Such 3D nanoscaffold-based assays could aid our understanding of the molecular basis of PD mimetic-induced Parkinsonism and the discovery of neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Chemmarappally
- Innovations in Surfaces, Materials and Related Technologies (iSMART), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK.,Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre (IBRC), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Henry C N Pegram
- Innovations in Surfaces, Materials and Related Technologies (iSMART), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK.,Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre (IBRC), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Neranga Abeywickrama
- Innovations in Surfaces, Materials and Related Technologies (iSMART), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Enzo Fornari
- Innovations in Surfaces, Materials and Related Technologies (iSMART), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Alan J Hargreaves
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre (IBRC), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Luigi A De Girolamo
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre (IBRC), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Bob Stevens
- Innovations in Surfaces, Materials and Related Technologies (iSMART), College of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, NG11 8NS, UK.
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In Silico and In Vivo Studies on Quercetin as Potential Anti-Parkinson Agent. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1195:1-11. [PMID: 32468451 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32633-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among older individuals. Several researchers have suggested that iron chelators which cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) might have clinical efficacy in treating PD. Therefore, efforts are made not only in order to improve the effect of L-dopa but also to introduce drugs which provide anti-parkinsonian and neuroprotective effects. In this study, quercetin, a flavonoid, exhibited noticeable neuroprotective effects via iron induced-oxidative stress-dependent apoptotic pathways. Our results suggested that quercetin significantly decreased the catalepsy and exhibited neuroprotective effects in rotenone-induced Parkinson. A model of rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats produced the decrease in glutathione, SOD, catalase, and serum iron concentration and the increase in H2O2 and lipid peroxidation activity. Quercetin efficiently halted the deleterious toxic effects of L-dopa, revealing normalization of catalepsy and rotarod score, in addition to amelioration of neurochemical parameters, indicating benefit of both symptomatic and neuroprotective therapies. In silico molecular docking studies have also shown that quercetin could be an ideal potential drug target for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase and human catechol-O-methyltransferase. In conclusion, quercetin possesses strong iron-chelating abilities and could be recommended as a disease-modifying therapy when administered in combination with L-dopa, early on in the course of Parkinson's disease.
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Gould FDH, Lammers AR, Mayerl CJ, German RZ. Specific Vagus Nerve Lesion Have Distinctive Physiologic Mechanisms of Dysphagia. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1301. [PMID: 31920925 PMCID: PMC6920241 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Swallowing is complex at anatomical, functional, and neurological levels. The connections among these levels are poorly understood, yet they underpin mechanisms of swallowing pathology. The complexity of swallowing physiology means that multiple failure points may exist that lead to the same clinical diagnosis (e.g., aspiration). The superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) are branches of the vagus that innervate different structures involved in swallowing. Although they have distinct sensory fields, lesion of either nerve is associated clinically with increased aspiration. We tested the hypothesis that despite increased aspiration in both case, oropharyngeal kinematic changes and their relationship to aspiration would be different in RLN and SLN lesioned infant pigs. We compared movements of the tongue and epiglottis in swallows before and after either RLN or SLN lesion. We rated swallows for airway protection. Posterior tongue ratio of safe swallows changed in RLN (p = 0.01) but not SLN lesioned animals. Unsafe swallows post lesion had different posterior tongue ratios in RLN and SLN lesioned animals. Duration of epiglottal inversion shortened after lesion in SLN animals (p = 0.02) but remained unchanged in RLN animals. Thus, although SLN and RLN lesion lead to the same clinical outcome (increased aspiration), the mechanisms of failure of airway protection are different, which suggests that effective therapies may be different with each injury. Understanding the specific pathophysiology of swallowing associated with specific neural insults will help develop targeted, disease appropriate treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- François D H Gould
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, United States
| | - Andrew R Lammers
- School of Health Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Rebecca Z German
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, United States
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