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Li Y, Wang L, Wang H, Leng X, Gao J, Huang D. Polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves alleviates alcohol-induced mouse brain injury and BV-2 microglial dysfunction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132887. [PMID: 38851621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Acute alcohol intoxication is a harmful clinical condition characterized by behavioral and neurological symptoms, for which few effective therapies are available at present. Dysfunction of microglial BV-2 cells has been reported to be associated with acute alcohol-induced brain injuries. In the present study, the protective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves polysaccharides (EULP) on acute alcoholic brain injury and microglial dysfunction were investigated. 14-day pretreatment of EULP significantly attenuated neurobehavioral deficit and neurotransmitter damage in the brain tissue of mice caused by acute alcohol exposure. Additionally, EULP regulated the metabolic disorder of brain tissue. Consistently, it was shown that EULP pretreatment significantly improved alcohol-induced phagocytosis decrease, oxidative stress and inflammation in BV-2 cells. Therefore, EULP may be proposed and employed as a potential therapeutic agent for alcohol-induced brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Luchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xueping Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiaming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Liang Y, Tang Z, Wang H, Liu M, Zhao F, Wang L, Meng Y, Jia L. Effect of dietary Eucommia ulmoides oliver polysaccharide on immune function and meat quality of Songliao Black Pigs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13901. [PMID: 38886454 PMCID: PMC11183226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, with pharmacological effects such as lowering blood pressure and enhancing immune function. The effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides polysaccharide (EUP) on immune function and meat quality were studied in Songliao Black Pigs. Blood lymphocyte counts and percentage, concentrations of serum total protein and of albumin increased, whereas those of urea nitrogen and triglyceride decreased. White blood cell and lymphocyte counts, and serum IgA, IgE, IgG2 a and IFN-γ increased. Average daily weight gain, slaughter weight, lean meat rate and cooked meat rate increased, whereas pH24, feed-weight ratio, fat rate, yellowness (b#) and centrifugal dehydration rate decreased. Transcriptome sequencing of longissimus dorsi muscle detected 32 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 26 were up-regulated and 6 down-regulated. A total of 19 genes were differentially expressed in the four groups, 18 of which were up-regulated. The DEGs included ADAMTS4, PER1, STAC, SERPINE1, FASN, THRSP, SP7 and KRT80 and the protein interaction network showed 20 up-regulated nodes, three down-regulated nodes and 14 DEGs. GO functional annotation and enrichment analysis showed that 34 items were significantly enriched, including transferase activity, actin binding, acetyl coenzyme A, acyl coenzyme A metabolism, adipose tissue development and acyl glycerol homeostasis. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the AMPK and PPAR signaling pathways were enriched. Dietary Eucommia polysaccharide enhanced immune function in Songliao Black Pigs, improved growth and carcass performance, increased the expression of genes related to meat quality traits and improved meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Tang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanglin Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Longsheng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinbiao Meng
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Jia
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, No.977 Park Road, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao X, Qu Q, Zhang Y, Zhao P, Qiu J, Zhang X, Duan X, Song X. Research Progress of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv and Predictive Analysis of Quality Markers Based on Network Pharmacology. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:860-895. [PMID: 38902931 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010265000230928060645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Du Zhong is a valuable Chinese medicinal herb unique to China. It is a national second- class precious protected tree, known as "plant gold", which has been used to treat various diseases since ancient times. The main active ingredients are lignans, phenylprophetons, flavonoids, iridoids and steroids and terpenoids, which have pharmacological effects such as lowering blood pressure, enhancing immunity, regulating bone metabolism, protecting nerve cells, protecting liver and gallbladder and regulating blood lipids. In this paper, a comprehensive review of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was summarized from the processing and its compositional changes, applications, chemical components, pharmacological effects, and pharmacokinetics, and the Q-marker of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is preliminarily predicted from the aspects of traditional efficacy, medicinal properties and measurability of chemical composition, and the pharmacodynamic substance basis and potential Q-marker of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. are further analyzed through network pharmacology. It is speculated that quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, chlorogenic acid and pinoresinol diglucoside components are selected as quality markers of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., which provide a basis for the quality control evaluation and follow-up research and development of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
| | - Qiong Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
| | - Jinqing Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
| | - Xi Duan
- Laboratory Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, China
| | - Xiao Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
- Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutics of Chinese Materia Medica and New Drug Development, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
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Yang YJ, Lu LJ, Wang JJ, Ma SY, Xu BL, Lin R, Chen QS, Ma ZG, Mo YL, Wang DT. Tubson-2 decoction ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis complicated with osteoporosis in CIA rats involving isochlorogenic acid A regulating IL-17/MAPK pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154875. [PMID: 37263000 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP) is considered as one of the major comorbidities of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and is responsible for fragility fracture. However, there is currently no effective treatment for RA complicated with OP. Tubson-2 decoction (TBD), a Mongolian medicine also known as Erwei Duzhong Decoction, has been shown to exert a preventive effect on post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). The preventive effects of TBD on RA-induced OP, as well as the bioactive compound responsible and the underlying mechanisms, remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of TBD on RA-induced OP in vivo, and to elucidate the mechanism of isochlorogenic acid A (ICA), the effective component of TBD, in vitro. METHODS To evaluate the anti-arthritic and anti-osteoporotic effects of TBD, we conducted H&E straining and safranine O/fast green, TEM, immunohistochemistry (IHC), bone histomorphometry, micro-CT imaging, and biomechanical testing in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rats. The active ingredient in TBD was identified using network pharmacology and molecular docking. The identification was supported by in vivo IHC assay, and further confirmed using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and SEM analysis in TNF-α-treated MH7A cells and/or in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 cells. RESULTS Oral administration of TBD attenuated the severity of arthritis and osteopenia as well as poor bone quality, in CIA rats. Additionally, TBD and the positive control, tripterygium glycosides (TG), exhibited similar effects in reducing inflammation in both the synovium and ankle joint. They also were both effective in improving bone loss, microarchitecture, and overall bone quality. TBD reduced the expression of MMP13, IL-17, and p-JNK protein in the synovium of CIA rats. ICA, which was screened, suppressed TNF-α or LPS-triggered inflammatory responses via down-regulating IL-17 signaling, involving in MMP13, IL-1β, IL-23, and IL-17, and the MAPK pathway including p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-P38, both in MH7A cells and in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, ICA prevented osteoclasts from differentiating and bone resoprtion in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence that TBD exerts intervening effects on RA-induced OP, possibly through the downregulation of the IL-17/MAPK signaling pathway by ICA. The findings of our study provides valuable insights for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China.
| | - Lu-Jiao Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Shao-Yong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Bi-Lian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Qiu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Ma
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lingnan (Southern China), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Lin Mo
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, the affiliated hospital, Department of Physiology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dong-Tao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Tang LD, Wang JY, Zhang Y, Chen XY, Zhang L, Yuan Y. Iridoid from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Exerts Antiarthritis Effects by Inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:4167906. [PMID: 37123081 PMCID: PMC10132903 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4167906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of EU-Idd both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, we used the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model to investigate the efficacy of EU-Idd on rheumatoid arthritis. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Safranin O-fast green staining were used to evaluate the pathological status of the ankle joints in CIA rats. Micro-CT scanning was used to investigate bone erosion of the ankle joints. In vitro, the effect of EU-Idd on Th17 cell differentiation was identified by flow cytometry. TRAP staining was used to detect osteoclast cells. HFLS-RA model cells, induced by tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of EU-Idd while the levels of related inflammatory cytokines and JAK2/STAT3 proteins were detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting. EU-Idd alleviated joint inflammation in CIA rats and exerted protective effects on the ankle joints. EU-Idd also prevented the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells, reduced the number of osteoclasts, and improved the expression levels of bone metabolism-related proteins including OPG and RANKL. Moreover, EU-Idd inhibited the invasion and migration of HFLS-RA cells and downregulated the expression of related inflammatory cytokine genes and the protein expression levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3, both in vivo and in vitro. EU-Idd exerts anti-inflammatory and osteoprotective effects by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in rheumatoid arthritis. These results are beneficial to excavate new pharmaceutical ingredients for rheumatoid arthritis from iridoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Dong Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, 201203 Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, 201203 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Chen
- Shanghai Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Rheumatoid Department, No. 725 South Wanpin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, 201203 Shanghai, China
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Ying Y, Tang Z, Niu F, Xu T, Xia C, Zhang S. Network pharmacology-based pharmacological mechanism prediction on Eucommia ulmoides against rheumatoid arthritis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29658. [PMID: 35866805 PMCID: PMC9302290 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Eucommia ulmoides (EU) is a kidney-tonifying Chinese medicine that has been applied to treat RA for decides. The present study aims to explore pharmacological mechanisms of EU against RA using network pharmacology approach. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to screen active ingredients of EU, and their relative targets were fished from UniProt database. RA-related targets were screened from GeneCards database and DisGeNET database. The overlapping genes between EU and RA were identified by Venn diagram, and further analyzed for protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Fifty active ingredients were identified in EU, and corresponded to 207 targets. Meanwhile, 499 targets were closely associated with RA development. A total of 50 overlapping genes between EU and RA were identified, which were regarded as therapeutically relevant. GO enrichment analysis indicated that EU exerted antiRA effects depending on regulating multiple biological processes including inflammatory response, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and matrix catabolism. Several key pathways such as TNF pathway, IL-17 pathway, T cell receptor pathway, NOD-like receptor pathway and Toll-like receptor pathway, were involved in the above biological processes. Network pharmacology revealed that EU exerts therapeutic effects on RA through multi-ingredients, multi-targets and multi-pathways, which provides basis for its clinical application and promising directions for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Ying
- Department of Pain, Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhaopeng Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Niu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Taotao Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenjie Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shuijun Zhang, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, No. 158, Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China (e-mail: )
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Polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Reduce Depression-Like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress-Calpain-1-NLRP3 Signaling Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2566917. [PMID: 35498131 PMCID: PMC9045988 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2566917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (PSP) exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant effects. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the calpain system and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome are closely related to the pathogenesis of depression. However, the relationships among those pathways and the protective effects of PSP have not been characterized. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress- (CUMS-) induced depression models were used to evaluate the protective mechanisms of PSP against depression. ROS levels were measured in HT-22 cells using flow cytometry. Brain tissues were collected to determine the levels of oxidation-related indicators and inflammatory cytokines. The protein levels of calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin, phosphatase and Tensin Homolog deleted on Chromosome 10 (PTEN), suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian oscillatory protein (SCOP), nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured using western blotting or immunofluorescence. In cellular experiments, we showed that PSP attenuated LPS-induced production of ROS in HT-22 cells. In animal experiments, we found that LPS increased the expression of calpain-1, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, Iba1, p-ERK, NF-κB, and GFAP and reduced the expression of calpastatin, PTEN, SCOP, and Nrf2. Administration of PSP reversed these changes. N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) administration also inhibited oxidative stress and activation of the calpain system and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, PSP, calpeptin, MCC950 (a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor), and NAC reduced LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine release. We also showed that PSP prevented CUMS-induced changes in the calpain system and the Nrf2 and NLRP3 signaling pathways and reduced depression-like behavior. These results indicate that PSP exerts antidepressant effects through regulation of the oxidative stress-calpain-1-NLRP3 signaling axis.
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Wu-Teng-Gao External Treatment Improves Th17/Treg Balance in Rheumatoid Arthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5105545. [PMID: 35096112 PMCID: PMC8799337 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5105545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents the consequence of an immune response of the body's immune system attacking healthy cells. This chronic inflammatory disorder has complicated pathogenesis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is well recognized as an effective therapy in treating RA and has been widely applied for centuries. Wu-Teng-Gao (WTG) is used as a representative natural herb formula in RA treatment in China, while its mechanisms are to be fully clarified. The present study attempted to explore mechanisms of WTG on RA treatment in a network pharmacological approach and verified using experiments in vitro. Following the establishment of a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), WTG was applied externally on the metapedes of rats. HE staining was subsequently performed to visualize the pathological changes of synovium and bone. Simultaneously, flow cytometry was conducted to detect the cell ratio of T helper 17 (Th17) and Regulatory T cells (Treg) in splenic lymphocytes. Additionally, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blot assays were adopted to determine expressions of RA-related factors in joints and serum. Results of network pharmacological analysis suggested that Th17 cell differentiation might serve as a potential signaling pathway of WTG therapy for RA. Animal experiments demonstrated that WTG ameliorated the articular inflammation and effectively inhibited the destruction of articular cartilage, and decreased Th17 and Treg cell ratios in CIA rats. Furthermore, WTG also greatly suppressed relevant levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6) and RNAKL, whereas it elevated expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. Our results confirmed that WTG might improve the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in CIA animals through differentiation regulation, thus alleviating joint inflammation and bone destruction.
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Zhang Y, Wang JY, Wang H, Chen XY, Zhang L, Yuan Y. An alcohol extract prepared from the male flower of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. promotes synoviocyte apoptosis and ameliorates bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Chin Med 2021; 16:113. [PMID: 34742322 PMCID: PMC8572500 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease dominated by synovial hyperplasia and bone destruction. The male flower of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (EF) has been shown to exert effects on the inflammation caused by RA. However, how EF affects synoviocyte apoptosis and bone destruction on RA have not been investigated thoroughly. The effects of EF on apoptosis of human fibroblast-like synoviocytes-rheumatoid arthritis (HFLS-RA) cells, osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 cells, and bone destruction in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in rats were explored. Methods First, the main components of EF were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. In vitro, we investigated the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of EF on HFLS-RA cells by immunofluorescence assays, flow cytometry, real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and western blotting; we also investigated how EF influenced the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts. In vivo, we used a rat model of CIA to investigate the effects of EF on anti-arthritis activity, toe swelling, Arthritis Score, serum levels of metabolic bone factors, and pathologic conditions. Micro-computed tomography was used to scan ankle joints. mRNA and protein expression of factors related to the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Results EF inhibited synoviocyte proliferation and promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. EF inhibited osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB pathway. EF reduced articular inflammation in CIA rats, inhibited the expression of pro-angiogenic factors, and delayed the destruction of articular cartilage and bone. Our data indicated that EF acted via a mechanism related to bone metabolism induced by the NF-κB pathway. Conclusions EF exerts a potential therapeutic effect upon RA. Our research will help to elucidate the potential pharmacologic mechanisms associated with the beneficial effects of EF, and provide an experimental basis for EF application in clinical treatments. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Formulated Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Chen
- Rheumatoid Department, Shanghai Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, No. 725 South Wanpin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200232, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Huang L, Lyu Q, Zheng W, Yang Q, Cao G. Traditional application and modern pharmacological research of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Chin Med 2021; 16:73. [PMID: 34362420 PMCID: PMC8349065 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. has been used for the treatment of various diseases since ancient times, involving lumbar pain, knee pain, osteoporosis, hepatoprotection, paralysis, intestinal haemorrhoids, vaginal bleeding, abortion, spermatorrhoea, foot fungus, anti-aging etc. With the developing discovery of E. ulmoides extracts and its active components in various pharmacological activities, E. ulmoides has gained more and more attention. Up to now, E. ulmoides has been revealed to show remarkable therapeutic effects on hypertension, hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, sexual dysfunction. E. ulmoides has also been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-fatigue, anti-aging, anti-cancer and immunoregulation activities etc. Along these lines, this review summarizes the traditional application and modern pharmacological research of E. ulmoides, providing novel insights of E. ulmoides in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuang Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qiang Lyu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wanying Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Mei C, Wang X, Meng F, Zhang X, Chen L, Yan S, Xue J, Sun X, Wang Y. Aucuboside Inhibits the Generation of Th17 Cells in Mice Colitis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:696599. [PMID: 34335262 PMCID: PMC8322701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.696599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aucuboside is an iridoid glycoside extracted from traditional Chinese medicine such as Rehmannia glutinosa, possessing a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects. The effects of aucuboside on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have not been studied. Therefore, the effects of aucuboside on the generation of Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and IL-17–producing T helper (Th17) cells in colitis were studied. A mouse colitis model was established by intracolonic administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) to mimic human IBD. The generation of Treg and Th17 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Aucuboside significantly alleviated colitis symptoms, including weight loss, high disease activity index, and inflammatory responses. The generation of Th17 cells in colitis was significantly inhibited by aucuboside and accompanied by the suppression of IL-17 expression. In Raw264.7 cells, the LPS-induced increase in IL-17 expression was also suppressed by aucuboside, which was significantly blocked by the RORγt inhibitor sr2211. In addition, the decrease in the proportion of Treg cells was also partially reversed by aucuboside, which may reflect the aucuboside-induced inhibition of Th17 cells. This previously unrecognized immunoregulatory function of aucuboside may have clinical applications in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxue Mei
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fanxiang Meng
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinqiu Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Siqi Yan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junxiu Xue
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Kun-Liu, Wang JY, Zhang L, Pan YY, Chen XY, Yuan Y. Effects of betulinic acid on synovial inflammation in rats with collagen-induced arthritis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 34:2058738420945078. [PMID: 32718263 PMCID: PMC7388086 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420945078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) inhibits the migration, invasion, and cytoskeletal reorganization of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Here, to further explore the mechanism of action of BA in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats, we investigated the pharmacodynamic effects of BA on synovial inflammation in a rat model of type II CIA. After inducing hind paw swelling, the rats were divided into four groups: healthy controls (normal), and rats that underwent CIA and received methotrexate treatment (MTX), BA treatment (BA), or no treatment (CIA). Body weight and hind paw swelling were determined regularly, and arthritis scores were calculated weekly. On day 35, rats were sacrificed and their hind ankle joints sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological evaluation. BA significantly reduced CIA-induced hind paw swelling, synovial tissue proliferation, cartilage destruction, and vasospasm. BA treatment also decreased serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in rats with CIA. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of isolated vimentin+CD68- RA-FLS; RA-FLS were stimulated with TNF-α in vitro. BA significantly inhibited TNF-α-stimulated RA-FLS proliferation, as well as IL-1β and IL-6 secretion. BA also downregulated the transcription of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and decreased the expression of the NF-кB pathway proteins (NF-kB-P65, IkBα, and IKKα/β) in the TNF-α-stimulated RA-FLS. These results indicate that BA alleviated the symptoms of CIA by inhibiting synoviocyte proliferation, modifying TNF-α- and NF-кB-related inflammatory pathways, and downregulating inflammatory mediators and growth factors including IL-1β, IL-6, VEGF, and TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Yi Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Chen
- Rheumatoid Department, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Inhibition of Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Bark, Leaf, and Male Flower Extracts of Eucommia ulmoides. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3260278. [PMID: 32855647 PMCID: PMC7443016 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3260278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., a native Chinese plant species, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine formulation to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), strengthen bones and muscles, and lower blood pressure. Various parts of this plant such as the bark, leaves, and flowers have been found to have anti-inflammatory properties. E. ulmoides has potential applications as a therapeutic agent against bone disorders, which were investigated in this study. In vitro, RA joint fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) were treated with different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1000 μg/mL) of E. ulmoides bark, leaf, and male flower alcoholic extracts (EB, EL, and EF, respectively) to determine their potential cytotoxicity. Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and nitric oxide (NO) levels in RA-FLS were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats were treated with EB, EL, EF, Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside (TG) or the normal control (Nor), and then ankle joint pathology, bone morphology, and serum and spleen inflammatory cytokine levels were evaluated. The results showed that, in RA-FLS, EB, EL, and EF were not cytotoxic; EB and EF reduced TNF-α supernatant levels; and EB, EL, and EF reduced NO levels. The results of in vivo experiments showed that EB, EL, and EF alleviated ankle swelling and joint inflammation, while all extracts diminished inflammatory cell infiltration, pannus and bone destruction, and bone erosion. All tested extracts inhibited interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-17, and TNF-α mRNA in the spleen of CIA rats, while EB most effectively reduced osteoclasts and inhibited bone erosion. EF showed the most obvious inhibition of inflammatory factors and pannus. Thus, EB, EL, and EF may alleviate bone destruction by inhibiting inflammation.
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Ma B, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Ren C, Zhang Q. Aucubin alleviates diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting NF-κB activation and inducing SIRT1/SIRT3-FOXO3a signaling pathway in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Cheng CF, Chien-Fu Lin J, Tsai FJ, Chen CJ, Chiou JS, Chou CH, Li TM, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Li JP, Lin JC, Lin CC, Ban B, Liang WM, Lin YJ. Protective effects and network analysis of natural compounds obtained from Radix dipsaci, Eucommiae cortex, and Rhizoma drynariae against RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:112074. [PMID: 31291608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone diseases; it is characterized by bone loss and is a risk factor for hip fracture. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) and their related natural compounds have been used for treating many diseases, including bone diseases, since ancient times in China and are regarded as a cost-effective complementary therapy. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this study was to investigate the osteoprotective mechanisms of these three Chinese herbs and their related natural compounds. The effects of CHMs and related natural compounds on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A network pharmacology method was applied to study CHM-related natural compounds and their osteoporosis targets. In addition, their effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells was also investigated in vitro. RESULTS Radix dipsaci, Eucommiae cortex, and Rhizoma drynariae exhibited protective effects against mortality in hip fracture patients. Furthermore, these three herbs inhibited RANKL-induced TRAP activities and reduced the expression of bone resorption-related genes in RAW264.7 cells. Network analysis of natural compound (ingredient)-target interactions identified 11 natural compounds. Signal pathway analyses suggested that these compounds may target cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, including RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Five novel natural compounds exhibited reduced RANKL-induced TRAP activities and bone resorption-related gene expression. CONCLUSION The clinically used CHMs, Radix dipsaci, Eucommiae cortex, and Rhizoma drynariae, and natural compounds obtained from them may suppress RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Fung Cheng
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jeff Chien-Fu Lin
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jian-Shiun Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Hsing Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Pi Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Rheumatism Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chien Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Bo Ban
- Chinese Research Center for Behavior Medicine in Growth and Development, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, Shandong, China.
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Cheng CF, Lin YJ, Tsai FJ, Li TM, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Liu X, Li MJ, Ban B, Liang WM, Lin JCF. Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicines on the Risk of Overall Mortality, Readmission, and Reoperation in Hip Fracture Patients. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:629. [PMID: 31244656 PMCID: PMC6581068 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hip fracture is a major public health concern, with high incidence rates in the elderly worldwide. Hip fractures are associated with increased medical costs, patient dependency on families, and higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is typically characterized as cost-effective and suitable for long-term use with few side effects. To better understand the effects of CHM on hip fracture patients, we utilized a population-based database to investigate the demographic characteristics, cumulative incidence of overall mortality, readmission, reoperation, and patterns of CHM prescription. We found that CHM usage was associated with a lower risk of overall mortality [P = 0.0009; adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30-0.73], readmission (P = 0.0345; adjusted HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46-0.97), and reoperation (P = 0.0009; adjusted HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40-0.79) after adjustment for age, type of hip fracture, surgical treatment type, and comorbidities. We also identified the herbal formulas, single herbs, and prescription patterns for the treatment of hip fracture by using association rule mining and network analysis. For hip fracture patients, the most common CHM coprescription pattern was Du-Zhong (DZ) → Xu-Duan (XD), followed by Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang (DHJST) → Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang (SJHXT), and Gu-Sui-Bu (GSB) → Xu-Duan (XD). Furthermore, XD was the core prescription, and DZ, GSB, SJHXT, and DHJST were important prescriptions located in cluster 1 of the prescription patterns. This study provides evidence for clinical CHM use as an adjunctive therapy that offers benefits to hip fracture patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Fung Cheng
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiang Liu
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ming-Ju Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bo Ban
- Chinese Research Center for Behavior Medicine in Growth and Development, Jining, China
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Miin Liang, ; Jeff Chien-Fu Lin,
| | - Jeff Chien-Fu Lin
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Miin Liang, ; Jeff Chien-Fu Lin,
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